Download or read book Simulations Num riques Versus Observations Des Gaz Effet de Serre written by Souley Falama and published by Omniscriptum. This book was released on 2011-05 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plusieurs études font valoir la nécessité de développer des techniques de mesures et de simulations pour la surveillance continue de la pollution atmosphérique causée par les gaz à effet de serre et autres types de polluants. La modélisation numérique présente a priori des avantages certains par rapport aux techniques physiques que sont les essais in situ ou à échelle réduite. Les présents travaux comparent une modélisation des concentrations de CO2 et de CH4 obtenu par la mesure en continu sur deux sites situés au Canada dont l'un à Lethbridge et l'autre au Québec. Les résultats, dont l'écart relatif maximal (de l'ordre de 12,3 %) entre simulations et observations ont été obtenus. Sur les deux sites, nos résultats non seulement présentent une assez bonne corrélation mais met aussi en évidence la grande influence des vents sur la dispersion atmosphérique des polluants. Les vents de l'ordre de 44 km/h dispersent les polluants, tandis que ceux de l'ordre de 7 km/h favorisent l'accumulation des polluants. Ces travaux jettent les jalons d'une recherche combinée de mesures expérimentales et de simulations numériques qui, en fait, est une voix qui mérite d'ètre approfondie.
Download or read book Climats written by Marie-Antoinette Mélières and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprendre les climats passés pour appréhender le changement climatique en cours et à venir : telle est l'originalité de ce livre ambitieux. Le texte est une synthèse à jour des principales connaissances sur l'évolution actuelle du climat et des enjeux qui se dessinent. Pour cela, il présente tout d'abord les mécanismes à l'oeuvre dans le maintien du climat (Parties I et Il). La connaissance des facteurs responsables de cet équilibre énergétique permet alors de saisir l'ensemble des causes des changements climatiques (Partie III). Avec ce bagage, l'évolution passée du climat à différentes échelles de temps est abordée et les différents facteurs en jeu sont identifiés (Partie IV). Ces quatre premières parties amènent à comprendre comment et pourquoi le climat évolue sans cesse. Les exemples choisis (tels les glaciations du Quaternaire) illustrent l'importance d'un changement climatique sur la température moyenne à la surface de la Terre, et ses conséquences diverses. Le décor est ainsi planté pour retracer le réchauffement des dernières décennies, son impact sur les différents milieux tant physiques que vivants et la part de la responsabilité humaine, suite aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre (Partie V). La dernière partie (Partie VI) se focalise sur les simulations du climat futur. Le réchauffement en cours peut alors être apprécié à l'aune des changements passés, des conséquences attendues et des variations naturelles qui peuvent le renforcer ou l'atténuer. L'ensemble du parcours suivi dans ce livre permet de cerner le degré d'importance des changements envisagés selon les scénarios d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Ce livre offre une description simple mais approfondie, avec un minimum d'équations, de l'évolution du climat, dont les résumés à la fin de chaque partie constituent une lecture essentielle pour les décideurs. Il montre comment la conduite humaine déterminera si oui ou non le siècle actuel peut être un point de transition pour un nouveau climat, sans précédent sur Terre dans les derniers millions d'années.
Download or read book Estimation des missions de gaz effet de serre diff rentes chelles en France l aide d observations de haute pr cision written by Morgan Lopez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'objectif de ma thèse est de conduire et d'utiliser les observations de haute précision de gaz à effet de serre pour estimer les émissions de ces gaz à différentes échelles en France, du locale au régionale. Le réseau français de mesure de gaz à effet de serre, géré par l'équipe RAMCES, est constitué de trois observatoires équipés de systèmes de mesure par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Ces chromatographes en phase gazeuse sont situés à Gif-sur-Yvette, Trainou (forêt d'Orléans) et au sommet du Puy-de-Dôme. Ils ont été optimisés pour la mesure continue et de haute précision des principaux gaz à effet de serre : CO2, CH4, N2O et SF6. Ayant installé le GC au Puy-de-Dôme au cours de l'année 2010, je présenterai et analyserai en détail la série temporelle obtenue depuis son installation. Les mesures de gaz à effet de serre et des traceurs associés m'ont permis d'utiliser une approche multigaz pour contraindre leurs émissions à différentes échelles. A une échelle départementale et régionale, j'ai utilisé le 222Rn comme traceur de masses d'air pour quantifier les flux surfaciques mensuels de N2O à Gif-sur-Yvette et Trainou. Les émissions annuelles de N2O estimées à Gif-sur-Yvette et Trainou sont respectivement de 0.34/0.51 et 0.52 g(N2O) m-2 a-1. Le cycle saisonnier des émissions de N2O a permis de mettre en évidence l'impact de l'agriculture sur les émissions lors de l'apport d'engrais azoté dans les sols. J'ai mis en évidence une corrélation entre les flux de N2O annuels et les précipitations annuelles à Gif-sur-Yvette. A une échelle locale, j'ai utilisé le CO2 et ses isotopes mesurés lors d'une campagne réalisée pendant l'hiver 2010 à Paris, pour estimer les flux de CO2 parisien. Les mesures de 14CO2 atmosphérique m'ont permis de montrer que les flux de CO2 parisien en hiver sont essentiellement anthropiques (77 %) avec une contribution significative des émissions biogéniques (23 %). L'analyse du 13CO2 à quant à lui mis en évidence que les 77 % d'émission de CO2 d'origine fossile sont dues à 70 % à l'utilisation de gaz naturel et 30 % à l'utilisation de pétrole.
Download or read book Global Change and Relevant Space Observations written by COSPAR. Plenary Meeting and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1991 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comptes rendus de l Acad mie des sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annales de la facult des sciences de Toulouse written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mediterranean region under climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Download or read book Applied Computational Geometry Towards Geometric Engineering written by Ming C. Lin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-09-25 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Content Description #Anthology selected from contributions to the First ACM Workshop on Applied Computational Geometry.#Includes bibliographical references and index.
Download or read book Streamflow Measurement written by Reginald W. Herschy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Too little water or too much'? In either case streamflow measurement is crucial. Climate change could significant affect water resources and flood management. Streamflow measurement is necessary for efficient water management.This third edition deals with all the main current methods for measuring the flow in rivers and open channels, in accordanc
Download or read book The Carbon Cycle written by T. M. L. Wigley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is imperative to stabilizing our future climate. Our ability to reduce these emissions combined with an understanding of how much fossil-fuel-derived CO2 the oceans and plants can absorb is central to mitigating climate change. In The Carbon Cycle, leading scientists examine how atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations have changed in the past and how this may affect the concentrations in the future. They look at the carbon budget and the "missing sink" for carbon dioxide. They offer approaches to modeling the carbon cycle, providing mathematical tools for predicting future levels of carbon dioxide. This comprehensive text incorporates findings from the recent IPCC reports. New insights, and a convergence of ideas and views across several disciplines make this book an important contribution to the global change literature.
Download or read book El Ni o written by Bruno Voituriez and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Nino, caprice of the heavens, scapegoat for every calamity? The general public cannot really understand what is behind the El Nino phenomenon. The book offers a tour of the Earth's climate to understand one of its normal but extreme components.
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations written by Benjamin Loret and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to the geomechanical issues raised by both the extraction of actual and potential energy resources, and by the treatment of the ensuing environmental concerns. Discussions of the operations of injection of fluids into, and withdrawal from, geological formations link the chapters, each devoted to a particular technical aspect or scientific issue, or to a particular energy resource. Subjects are ordered according to their industrial applications, including enhanced oil and gas recovery, gas hydrates, enhanced geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon dioxide sequestration. An overview of the industrial, research and simulation aspects for each subject is provided. Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers in a wide variety of fields, including computational mechanics, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, engineering seismology, petroleum engineering, reservoir engineering, and engineering geology.
Download or read book Groundwater Modelling in Arid and Semi Arid Areas written by Howard S. Wheater and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-09-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arid and semi-arid regions face major challenges in the management of scarce freshwater resources under pressures of population, economic development, climate change, pollution and over-abstraction. Groundwater is commonly the most important water resource in these areas. Groundwater models are widely used globally to understand groundwater systems and to guide decisions on management. However, the hydrology of arid and semi-arid areas is very different from that of humid regions, and there is little guidance on the special challenges of groundwater modelling for these areas. This book brings together the experience of internationally leading experts to fill a gap in the scientific and technical literature. It introduces state-of-the-art methods for modelling groundwater resources, illustrated with a wide-ranging set of illustrative examples from around the world. The book is valuable for researchers, practitioners in developed and developing countries, and graduate students in hydrology, hydrogeology, water resources management, environmental engineering and geography.
Download or read book Agroecological Transitions From Theory to Practice in Local Participatory Design written by Jacques-Eric Bergez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book presents feedback from the ‘Territorial Agroecological Transition in Action’- TATA-BOX research project, which was devoted to these specific issues. The multidisciplinary and multi-organisation research team steered a four-year action-research process in two territories of France. It also presents: i) the key dimensions to be considered when dealing with agroecological transition: diversity of agriculture models, management of uncertainties, polycentric governance, autonomies, and role of actors’ networks; ii) an operational and original participatory process and associated boundary tools to support local stakeholders in shifting from a shared diagnosis to a shared action plan for transition, and in so doing developing mutual understanding and involvement; iii) an analysis of the main effects of the methodology on research organisation and on stakeholders’ development and application; iv) critical analysis and foresights on the main outcomes of TATA-BOX, provided by external researchers.
Download or read book Investing in Climate Investing in Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an assessment of how governments can generate inclusive economic growth in the short term, while making progress towards climate goals to secure sustainable long-term growth. It describes the development pathways required to meet the Paris Agreement objectives.
