Download or read book Simulation of the Wind Field and Pollution Transport Over a Complex Terrain Using an Emergency Dose Information Code SPEEDI written by Rajgopalan Venkatesan and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exchange and Transport of Air Pollutants over Complex Terrain and the Sea written by Soren E. Larsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the regional models required to understand and control the generation, distribution and deposition of air pollutants become more precise, the need to understand the detailed effects of hilly and mountainous terrain becomes more acute. The Alpine regions and the mountainous Mediterranean coasts have large effets on the way the pollutant burden is spread in their areas. Similarly an understanding of the effects of chemical and physical processes controlling pollutant deposition and the emission of biogenic compounds is essential to the correct modelling of the coastal regions which surround so much of Europe. The results from two projects on these problems are presented in this volume: one involved a series of field campaigns in the Alps and in the Rhine valley, the other involves ships and platforms in the North Sea and also in the Mediterranean.
Download or read book Regionale Ausbreitung von Luftverunreinigungen ber komplexem Gel nde written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society written by American Meteorological Society and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: List of members in v. 1, 8.
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996-05 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Science Technology Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 2948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terrain Responsive Atmospheric Code TRAC for Plume Growth and Dispersion in Complex Terrain written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of atmospheric dispersion models to assess pollutant impacts in complex terrain is increasing. However, the temporally and spatially varying wind and turbulence fields in mountainous areas often invalidate the assumptions of straight-line flow and horizontal homogeneity inherent in standard plume models. A dispersion model was recently developed at the Rocky Flats Plant to realistically simulate dispersion processes in complex terrain. The new model treats pollutant releases as a series of overlapping ellipsoidal puffs. The ends of each puff axis are defined by ''tracer'' particles, which are independently advected through the modeled windfield. The puff axes are not, in general, orthogonal. Thus, a puff can develop an arbitrary shape in response to differential diffusion rates, horizontal convergence and divergence, vertical shear, surface reflection, and gravitational settling. The model includes modules for puff transport, diffusion, wet and dry deposition, resuspension, surface roughness effects, ingrowth, decay, and external and internal dosimetry. This report focuses on the simulation of puff growth and shape.
Download or read book Analysis and Modelling of Atmospheric Transport Over Open Pit Mines written by Seyedahmad Kia and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnostic models of wind field and pollutant dispersion face difficulty when applied to complex terrain. Open-pit mines are an example of this difficult environment. To elucidate such difficulties, two models are developed and compared with one another. The first model is based on the prognostic Computational Fluid Dynamics-Lagrangian Stochastic (CFD-LS) paradigm, while the second model is based on the diagnostic CALifornia PUFF (CALPUFF) software. Two mine depths (100 [m] and 500 [m]) and three thermal stability conditions (unstable, neutral, and stable) are investigated using the two models. The CFD results showed that the skimming flow is only predicted under the neutral case, while more complex flow patterns emerge otherwise. Under the unstable case, the shallow and deep mines induce enhanced mixing downstream of the mine, resulting in substantial vertical plume transport and dilution of the pollutants released from the mine. Under the stable case, the plume from the shallow mine is restricted to the surface layer downstream of the mine. However, under the stable case, the plume from the deep mine rises into the substantial portion of the boundary layer due to the formation of a standing wave over and inside the mine. The results suggest that the CFD model can predict transport phenomena over open-pit mines reliably, so that the meteorological fields may be incorporated in operational models to improve the accuracy of their predictions. On the other hand, the CALPUFF model generally deviates from CFD-LS predictions, and the disagreement between the two models is the greatest when modelling the deep mine, under neutral/stable conditions, or when its solutions are considered close to the mine edge. Among many reasons, the variances appear to be related to the internal algorithms of the CALPUFF model to predict the wind eld structure appropriately. The results should caution practitioners considering diagnostic models for application over complex terrain, with opportunities to investigate such discrepancies at greater detail in follow up research.
Download or read book Using the phi resund Experimental Data to Evaluate the ARAC Emergency Response Models written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of meteorological and tracer experiments, was conducted during May and June 1984 over the 20-km wide /O/resund strait between Denmark and Sweden for the purpose of studying atmospheric dispersion processes over cold water and warm land surfaces and providing the data needed to evaluate meso-scale models in a coastal environment. In concert with these objectives the data from these experiments have been used as part of a continuing effort to evaluate the capability of the three-dimensional MATHEW/ADPIC (M/A) atmospheric dispersion models to simulate pollutant transport and diffusion characteristics of the atmospheric during a wide variety of meteorological conditions. Since previous studies have focused primarily on M/A model evaluations over rolling and complex terrain at inland sites, the /O/resund experiments provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the models in a coastal environment. The M/A models are used by the Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability (ARAC), developed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, for performing real-time assessments of the environmental consequences of potential or actual releases of radioactivity into the atmosphere. These assessments include estimation of radiation doses to nearby population centers and of the extent of surface contamination. Model evaluations, using field experimental data such as those generated by the /O/resund experiments, serve as a basis for providing emergency response managers with estimated of the uncertainties associated with accident consequence assessments. This report provides a brief description of the /O/resund experiments, the current understanding of the meteorological processes governing pollutant dispersion over the /O/resund strait, and the results of the M/A model simulations of these experiments. 11 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Download or read book The Terrain responsive Atmospheric Code TRAC for Plume Growth and Dispersion in Complex Terrain written by C. Reed Hodgin and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Measurement and Model Evaluation Program for Assessment of the Environmental Effects of Military Smokes Evaluation of Atmospheric Wind Field and Dispersion Models for Fog Oil Smoke Dispersion in Complex Terrain written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three models used to predict the wind field and pollutant dispersion in complex terrain are compared with smoke dispersion data acquired as part of the AMADEUS field experiments in 1987 near Red Bluff, California. The models evaluated were WADOCT, HOTMAC/RAPTAD, and RAMS. The data base for model testing encompassed 7 fog-oil smoke releases from ground level under stable meteorological conditions. Smoke concentrations were measured out to 4 km downwind. Time-dependent meteorological and source data were available from these tests to be used as model input. The results showed that the WADOCT model predicted quite well for the first 300 m downwind but then underpredicted the plume concentration by an order of magnitude at distances of 4 km downwind. The HOTMAC/RAPTAD model revealed a similar behavior. The inability of those two models to predict the trajectory of the plume and the observed limited vertical growth of the plume, in the downwind valley, are the likely causes of the underprediction. The RAMS model revealed very poor wind field and dispersion predictions based on the large grid spacing that was required (for this application) in order to make the computer run times manageable ... Smoke, Complex terrain, Dispersion modeling, Computer modeling, RA 3.
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Atmospheric written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric transport and diffusion models have been developed for real-time calculations of the location and concentration of toxic or radioactive materials during an accidental release at the Savannah River Site (SRS). These models are based Gaussian distributions and have been incorporated into an automated menu-driven program called the WIND (Weather INformation and Display) system. The WIND system atmospheric models employ certain assumptions that allow the computations of the ground-level concentration of toxic or radioactive materials to be made quickly. Gaussian models, such as PF/PL and 2DPUF, suffer from serious limitations including the inability to represent recirculation of pollutants in complex terrain, the use of one stability class at a given time to represent turbulent mixing over heterogeneous terrain, and the use of a wind field computed at only one height in the atmosphere. These limitations arise because the fundamental conservation relations of the atmosphere have been grossly simplified. Three-dimensional coupled atmospheric-dispersion models are not limited by the over-simplifications of the Gaussian assumption and have been used in the past to predict the transport of pollutants in a variety of atmospheric circulations. The disadvantage of these models is that they require large amounts of computational time; however, technology has progressed enough so that real-time simulations of dispersion may be made. These complex models can be run in an operational mode so that routine forecasts of the wind field and particulate concentration can be made.
Download or read book ABC demokratischer Kommunalpolitik written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Three dimensional Steady state Air Quality Simulation Model Over Complex Terrain written by Akio Wake and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Meteorological monitoring guidance for regulatory modeling applications written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coastal Meteorology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost half the U.S. population lives along the coast. In another 20 years this population is expected to more than double in size. The unique weather and climate of the coastal zone, circulating pollutants, altering storms, changing temperature, and moving coastal currents affect air pollution and disaster preparedness, ocean pollution, and safeguarding near-shore ecosystems. Activities in commerce, industry, transportation, freshwater supply, safety, recreation, and national defense also are affected. The research community engaged in studies of coastal meteorology in recent years has made significant advancements in describing and predicting atmospheric properties along coasts. Coastal Meteorology reviews this progress and recommends research that would increase the value and application of what is known today.
