Download or read book Simulating Water Temperature of the Klamath River Under Dam Removal and Climate Change Scenerios written by U.S. Department Of The Interior and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-03 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-dimensional daily averaged water temperature model was used to simulate Klamath River temperatures for two management alternatives under historical climate conditions and six future climate scenarios.
Download or read book Estimation of Stream Temperature in Support of Fish Production Modeling Under Future Climates in the Klamath River Basin written by Lorraine E Flint and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stream temperature estimates under future climatic - ing for evaluation of effects of dam removal in the Klamath River Basin. To allow for the persistence of the Klamath River 2012 will review potential changes in water quality and stream temperature to assess alternative scenarios, including damusing a regression model approach with simulated net solar temperature, and mean daily air temperature. Models were calibrated for 6 streams in the Lower, and 18 streams in the Upper, Klamath Basin by using measured stream temperatures for 1999–2008. The standard error of the y-estimate for the estimation of stream temperature for the 24 streams ranged from 0.36 to 1.64 degrees Celsius (°C), with an average error of 1.12°C for all streams. The regression models were then used with projected air temperatures to estimate future stream temperatures for 2010–99. Although the mean change from the baseline historical period of 1950–99 to the projected future period of 2070–99 is only 1.2°C, it ranges from 3.4°C for the Shasta River to no change for Fall Creek and Trout Creek. Variability is also evident in the future with a mean change in temperature for all streams from the baseline period to the projected period of 2070–99 of only 1°C, while the range in stream temperature change is from 0 to 2.1°C. The baseline period, 1950–99, to which the air temperature projections were corrected, established the starting point for the projected changes in air temperature. The average measured daily air temperature for the calibration period 1999–2008, however, was found to be as much as 2.3°C higher than baseline for some rivers, indicating that warming conditions have already occurred in many areas of the Klamath River Basin, and that the stream temperature projections for the 21st century could be underestimating the actual change.
Download or read book Myxozoan Evolution Ecology and Development written by Beth Okamura and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date review of the biology of myxozoans, which represent a divergent clade of endoparasitic cnidarians. Myxozoans are of fundamental interest in understanding how early diverging metazoans have adopted parasitic lifestyles, and are also of considerable economic and ecological concern as endoparasites of fish. Synthesizing recent research, the chapters explore issues such as myxozoan origins; evolutionary trends and diversification; development and life cycles; interactions with hosts; immunology; disease ecology; the impacts of climate change on disease; risk assessment; emerging diseases; and disease mitigation. This comprehensive work will appeal to a wide readership, from invertebrate zoologists, evolutionary biologists and developmental biologists to ecologists and parasitologists. It will also be of great practical interest to fisheries and conservation biologists. The identification of key areas for future research will appeal to scientists at all levels.
Download or read book Development of a Database driven System for Simulating Water Temperature in the Lower Yakima River Main Stem Washington for Various Climate Scenarios written by Frank D. Voss and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Better Understanding Human Impacts on River Thermal Regimes Under Climate Change written by Yifan Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human activities, especially dam construction, greatly modify the response of river thermal regimes to climate change. Dams impound large water bodies, decrease surface to volume ratios, and increase water residence times. All of these changes affect the interaction between surface meteorology and river systems. During warm seasons, surface energy fluxes can only warm a reservoir’s top layer (epilimnion) while the bottom layer (hypolimnion) remains cold. As a result, the cold hypolimnetic releases greatly depress downstream river temperatures. Additionally, reservoir releases during cold seasons can increase downstream river temperatures. Thus far, most large-scale stream temperature studies have ignored seasonal thermal stratification and therefore underestimated the regulation impacts on downstream fluvial thermal regimes. In the papers that constitute this dissertation, I synthesized a physically-based model framework to simulate regulated river flow and temperature, explicitly considering the impacts of reservoir thermal stratification. This model framework laid the basis of this dissertation and was applied in all subsequent analyses. In Chapter 2, I applied this model framework in the southeastern United States and investigated the impacts of reservoir regulation and climate change on mean summer river temperature and cooling potentials, a metric designed to evaluate the compound impact of river flow and temperatures. Under climate change, summer river temperatures in the regulated rivers will remain colder compared to those in the unregulated rivers but under climate change the effect does not carry as far downstream. The impact of reservoir regulation on cooling potentials remains strong for rivers heavily influenced by thermal stratification, but under climate change higher river temperatures will decrease cooling potentials for all river segments. In Chapter 3, I examined extreme fluvial thermal events, i.e., high river temperatures, so as to facilitate risk management for regional aquatic ecosystem and power sectors. We introduced a standard characterization with three attributes, i.e., duration-intensity-severity, to quantify the climate change impacts on thermal extremes in a regulated river system. Thermal extremes will be greatly exacerbated by climate change. In the baseline (unregulated) scenarios, duration, intensity, and severity are projected to increase to 85.6 day/year (+77.4 day/year), 5.2 °C (+4.4°C), and 193.4 °C day/year (+187.9 °C·day/year), respectively, by the 2080s under RCP8.5, with values in parentheses indicating the changes relative to the historical, unregulated values. Even though reservoir mitigation impacts are projected to be stronger, only 12.2%, 19.7%, and 26.0% of duration, intensity, and severity by the 2080s under RCP8.5 can be mitigated by reservoir regulations. In Chapter 4, I projected potential fish distribution due to climate change in the highly regulated Tennessee River. By coupling the model framework for regulated river systems described in Chapter 2 with a species distribution model, I simulated fish presence probability for historic and future periods considering the effects of dams on flow, thermal regime, and reach connectivity. The number of stream segments that are environmentally suitable for an exotic and lucrative rainbow trout, a coldwater species, will greatly shrink under climate change. Only 4.4% of historically suitable streams will remain, mostly located at reservoir tailwaters. For endemic coolwater species, projected higher river temperature may facilitate their expansion, but it will be constrained due to the physical blockage of dams.
Download or read book Stream Water Temperature Modeling Under Climate Change Scenarios B1 B2 written by Daniel Caissie and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptation in the Water Sector written by Fulco Ludwig and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future climate change is likely to make things worse.
Download or read book Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States written by U.S. Global Change Research Program and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-24 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes the science of climate change and impacts on the United States, for the public and policymakers.
Download or read book Water Temperature Monitoring of the Klamath River Mainstem written by Karuk Tribe of California and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Adaptation written by Michael J. Angilletta Jr. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature profoundly impacts both the phenotypes and distributions of organisms. These thermal effects exert strong selective pressures on behaviour, physiology and life history when environmental temperatures vary over space and time. Despite temperature's significance, progress toward a quantitative theory of thermal adaptation has lagged behind empirical descriptions of patterns and processes. In this book, the author draws on theory from the more general discipline of evolutionary ecology to establish a framework for interpreting empirical studies of thermal biology. This novel synthesis of theoretical and empirical work generates new insights about the process of thermal adaptation and points the way towards a more general theory. The threat of rapid climatic change on a global scale provides a stark reminder of the challenges that remain for thermal biologists and adds a sense of urgency to this book's mission. Thermal Adaptation will benefit anyone who seeks to understand the relationship between environmental variation and phenotypic evolution. The book focuses on quantitative evolutionary models at the individual, population and community levels, and successfully integrates this theory with modern empirical approaches. By providing a synthetic overview of evolutionary thermal biology, this accessible text will appeal to both graduate students and established researchers in the fields of comparative, ecological, and evolutionary physiology. It will also interest the broader audience of professional ecologists and evolutionary biologists who require a comprehensive review of this topic, as well as those researchers working on the applied problems of regional and global climate change.
Download or read book Deterministic Modeling of Stream Water Temperatures written by Bashar A. Sinokrot and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimation of Climate Change Effects on Streamflows Stream Temperatures and Fish Thermal Habitat written by Omid Mohseni and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimation of Stream Temperature in Support of Fish Production Modeling Under Future Climates in the Klamath River Basin written by Lorraine E. Flint and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simulating the Effects of Climate related Changes to Air Temperature and Precipitation on Streamflow and Water Temperature in the Meduxnekeag River Watershed Maine written by David M. Bjerklie and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Climate Change Impacts on the Thermodynamics of Oneida Lake written by Amy Lee Hetherington and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was the grandest and most majestic sight I had seen. It was exquisitely beautiful. The sun in its full splendor at the western horizon gilding the enlightened clouds, the islands, the shores, the woods, and all seemed to vie with each other for preference. The evening was serene and delightful; a soft breeze curled the waves and fringed them with white while the sun, sinking toward the west beautified the whole scene. Description of Oneida Lake Francis Adrian VanderKemp (1792) ABSTRACT Substantial change in climate is predicted to occur across the globe this century. Understanding climatic impacts on lake ecosystems is highly relevant as they will have important effects on eutrophication, ecosystem processes, and aquatic biodiversity. Field-based monitoring and modeling were used to evaluate the impacts of predicted climate change on Oneida Lake temperature profiles and stratification. Oneida Lake is a 207 km2 shallow, polymictic lake located in the center of an extensive 3,579 km2 watershed in Central New York. Field data were collected on stream and groundwater temperature loading, weather, and lake temperatures at varying depths to calibrate and validate the Oneida Lake thermodynamics model. Downscaled climate data from three general circulation models and two emissions scenarios provided by the Northeast Regional Climate Center and maximum projections were used to assess the impacts of different anticipated climate scenarios on the lake for 2050 and 2099. Lake temperature profiles under current and anticipated conditions were modeled using a deterministic, one-dimensional model, Dynamic Reservoir Simulation Model (DYRESM), from the University of Western Australia Centre for Water Research. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the importance of meteorological variables, including solar radiation and wind speed, as drivers to the thermal regime of the lake. A best fit model was obtained by decreasing wind speed by 25%, mean albedo to 1%, and minimum layer thickness to 0.5 m. By the end of the century, the predicted increase in air temperatures and precipitation associated with the higher emissions scenario will be paralleled by an average increase in 2 m and 10 m water temperatures (April - November) of 2.47°C (SD 1.08) and 2.01°C (SD 1.43), respectively. Additionally, the higher emissions scenario indicated an increase of 15 consecutive days of stratification in Oneida Lake. This study contributes to our understanding of the thermal regime of polymictic lakes in a warmer world and provides broad-scale predictions of the effects of climate change on the thermal structure of the majority of global freshwater lakes.
Download or read book Water Body Temperature Model for Assessing Climate Change Impacts on Thermal Cooling written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop and test a physically based semi-Lagrangian water body temperature model to apply climatological data and thermal pollution from river-based power plants to historical river flow data in order to better understand climate change impacts on surface water temperature and thermal power plant withdrawal allowances. The model is built for rapid assessment and use in Integrated Assessment Models. We first test the standalone model on a 190km river reach, the Delaware River, where we have detailed flow and temperature data. An R2 of 0.88 is obtained on hourly data for this initial test. Next, we integrate the standalone temperature model into a series of models -- rainfall-runoff model, water demand model, water resource management model, and power plant uptake and release model -- for the contiguous USA (CONUS), with about 19,000 segments total. With this system in place, we then validate the standalone water temperature model within the system for 16 river stations throughout the CONUS, where we have measured daily temperature data. The model performs reasonably well with a median R2 of 0.88. A variety of climate and emissions scenarios are then applied to the model to test regions of higher vulnerability to river temperature environmental violations, making use of output from two GCMs and six emissions scenarios focusing on projections out to 2050. We find that the two GCMs project significantly different impacts to water temperature, driven largely by the resulting changes in streamflow from the two models. We also find significantly different impacts on the withdrawal allowed by thermal power plants due to environmental regulations. Potential impacts on generation are between +3% and -4% by 2050 for the unconstrained emissions case and +3.5% to -2% for the stringent GHG mitigation policy (where 1% is equivalent to 32 TWh, or about 3 billion USD/year using 2005 electricity prices). We also find that once-through cooling plants are most vulnerable to climate change impacts, with summer impacts ranging from -0.8% to -6% for the unconstrained emissions case and +2.1% to -3.7% for the stringent GHG emissions case.
Download or read book Estimation of the Effects of Climate Change Scenarios on Future Rhine Water Temperature Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
