Download or read book Handbook on Rare Earth Metals and Alloys Properties Extraction Preparation and Applications written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare earths are essential constituents of more than 100 mineral species and present in many more through substitution. They have a marked geochemical affinity for calcium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, fluoride, phosphate and carbonate ions. Industrially important minerals, which are utilized at present for rare earths production, are essentially three, namely monazite, bastnasite and xenotime. In modern time techniques for exploration of rare earths and yttrium minerals include geologic identification of environments of deposition and surface as well as airborne reconnaissance with magnetometric and radiometric equipment. There are numerous applications of rare earths such as in glass making industry, cracking catalysts, electronic and optoelectronic devices, medical technology, nuclear technology, agriculture, plastic industry etc. Lot of metals and alloys called rare earth are lying in the earth which required to be processed. Some of the important elements extracted from rare earths are uranium, lithium, beryllium, selenium, platinum metals, tantalum, silicon, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, cadmium, titanium, tungsten, zirconium etc. There are different methods involved in production of metals and non metals from rare earths for example; separation, primary crushing, secondary crushing, wet grinding, dry grinding etc. The rare earths are silver, silverymwhite, or gray metals; they have a high luster, but tarnish readily in air, have high electrical conductivity. The rare earths share many common properties this makes them difficult to separate or even distinguish from each other. There are very small differences in solubility and complex formation between the rare earths. The rare earth metals naturally occur together in minerals. Rare earths are found with non metals, usually in the 3+ oxidation state. At present all the rare earth resources in India are in the form of placer monazite deposits, which also carry other industrially important minerals like ilmenite, rutile, zircon, sillimanite and garnet. Some of the fundamentals of the book are commercially important rare earth minerals, exploration for rare earth resources, rare earth resources of the world, some rare earth minerals and their approximate compositions, rare earths in cracking catalysts, rare earth based phosphors, interdependence of applications and production of rare earths, uranium alloys, conversion of ores to lithium chemicals, characterization and analysis of very pure silicon, derivation of molybdenum metal, electoplating and chromizing, electrolytic production of titanium, heat treatment of titanium alloys, tensile properties of alloys etc. The book covers occurrence of rare earth, resources of the world, production of lithium metals, compounds derived from the metals, chemical properties of beryllium, uses of selenium, derivation of molybdenum metals, ore concentration and treatment and many more. This is a unique book of its kind, which will be a great asset for scientists, researchers, technocrats and entrepreneurs. 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Download or read book Silicon and Rare Earth written by Josh Luberisse and published by Fortis Novum Mundum. This book was released on with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Silicon and Rare Earth: The Global Contest for Semiconductor and Rare Earth Supremacy" delves into the high-stakes struggle between global powers for dominance in the realms of semiconductors and rare earth elements. As the backbone of modern technology and the driving force behind innovation, these industries have become critical battlegrounds for geopolitical leverage and technological supremacy. In the midst of a global technological cold war, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the challenges, opportunities, and strategies that nations must navigate to secure their positions in these rapidly evolving markets. From China's meteoric rise in the semiconductor industry to its strategic monopoly on rare earth elements, this book examines the historical context, environmental impacts, and geopolitical implications of these developments. With an emphasis on the vulnerabilities and risks faced by the United States and the West, it explores the race to secure alternative sources, the importance of international alliances and partnerships, and the role of research and development in fostering innovation and competitiveness. Drawing on decades of research, ‘Silicon and Rare Earth’ provides a roadmap for policymakers, industry leaders, and other stakeholders seeking to understand and shape the future of these vital industries. Through a combination of rigorous analysis, case studies, and forward-looking recommendations, this book offers a timely and essential guide to navigating the battle for control in the semiconductor and rare earth industries, amid the broader context of global commerce and international relations in the era of Sino-American decoupling.

Download or read book Rare Earth Doping of Silicon written by Jasmine Joanne Pradissitto and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structural Studies of Rare Earth Silicides on Silicon by Medium energy Ion Scattering written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agromining Farming for Metals written by Antony van der Ent and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second and expanded edition of the first book on agromining (phytomining) presents a comprehensive overview of the metal farming & recovery of the agromining production chain. Agromining is an emerging technology that aims to transform the extraction of sources of target elements not accessible by traditional mining and processing techniques. Agromining, which is based on sustainable development, uses hyperaccumulator plants as 'metal crops' farmed on sub-economic soils or minerals wastes to obtain valuable target elements. This volume is edited and authored by the pioneers in the rapidly expanding field of agromining and presents the latest insights and developments in the field. This book provides in-depth information on the global distribution and ecology of hyperaccumulator plants, their biogeochemical pathways, the influence of rhizosphere microbes, the physiology and molecular biology of hyperaccumulation, as well as aspects of propagation and conservation of these unusual plants. It describes the agronomy of metal crops and opportunities for incorporating agromining into rehabilitation and mine closure, including test cases for agromining of nickel, cobalt, manganese, arsenic, selenium, cadmium, zinc, thallium, rare earth elements and platinum group elements. Since the first edition was published, there have successful nickel agromining field trials in the tropics (in Malaysia and Guatemala), and these are presented in a dedicated case study chapter. Other new chapters focus on the processing of bio-ore for elements other than nickel, such as rare earth elements and cadmium, and on agromining from industrial wastes such as tailings, and industrial by-products and sites. Furthermore, the book features two new chapters that provide a comprehensive assessment of accumulation a very wide range elements from the Periodic Table in various plant species around the globe, and a chapter on practical methods for discovery of hyperaccumulator plant species in the field and in the herbarium. This book is of interest to environmental professionals in the minerals industry, government regulators, and academics.

Download or read book LEED and Ab Initio Study of Rare Earth Metals on Silicon and Germanium written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rare Earth Implanted MOS Devices for Silicon Photonics written by Lars Rebohle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-20 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book concentrates on the microstructural, electric and optoelectronic properties of rare-earth implanted MOS structures and their use as light emitters in potential applications.

Download or read book Rare Metal Technology 2022 written by Takanari Ouchi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-02 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare extraction processing techniques used in metal production. Authors cover the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. Contributions also discuss rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Authors also cover biometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.

Download or read book Sand Silicon Satellites The Epic of Tech Evolution written by Yamini Malhotra and published by kitab writing publication. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alchemy of Technological Transcendence In the boundless tapestry of human ingenuity, where innovation intertwines with the raw elements of nature, emerges a chronicle that transcends the ordinary—a narrative of metamorphosis, from the humble grains of Thar's sands to the pinnacle of technological sophistication. This odyssey, etched in silicon dreams and forged in the crucible of progress, unveils the alchemy that transforms arid landscapes into the very foundation of our technological future. As we embark upon the pages that follow, envision a realm where the golden sands of Thar, once whispered secrets of ancient seas, now yield the treasures of silicon, iron, arsenic, and rare earth elements. Each grain, a repository of geological history, becomes a testament to the inexhaustible wellspring of possibilities that lie within. In the crucible of innovation, silicon emerges as the maestro, orchestrating a symphony of microprocessors that transcend the limits of computation. Satellites, once beholden to the constraints of technology, now navigate the cosmos with unparalleled efficiency, their silicon hearts pulsating with the rhythm of exploration. Across the expanse of industries, from the intricate circuits of robots to the pulsating veins of instruments on spacecraft, Thar's silicon becomes the catalyst for a technological renaissance. But the narrative extends beyond the silicon horizon, weaving in the rich hues of iron-infused sands. From the crucible of metallurgy arises a structural metamorphosis that defines our skylines, bridges our worlds, and propels the wheels of progress. Iron, once a mere component of Thar's red grains, now forges infrastructures that stand as testament to the synergy between the terrestrial and the technological. Arsenic, often deemed a harbinger of toxicity, unfolds as a paradoxical pioneer in the realm of sustainable electronics. Thar's sands, laden with arsenic, become the crucible for innovations that balance the scales between technological advancement and environmental stewardship. Gallium arsenide, an offspring of this alchemical process, finds its place in the solar cells that harness the energy of the sun and semiconductor devices that propel us into an era of green technologies. The pink sands, adorned with rare earth elements, unfold a chapter of technological marvels that span the realms of magnets, electronics, and renewable energy. Neodymium, dysprosium, europium, and their kin become the unsung heroes of a silent revolution, propelling us into a future where sustainability intertwines with innovation. But this narrative is not confined to the cold precision of circuits and structural frameworks; it extends its tendrils into the very heart of our homes—the kitchen. Thar's sands, infused with silicon, become the unseen chefs in our culinary endeavour. Smart appliances, guided by silicon's intelligence, elevate the act of cooking to an art form, where precision meets creativity, and tradition dances with innovation. On the wrist, the sands of Thar find expression in the elegance of smart watches. Beyond their temporal duty, these wearables become the companions of our daily lives, seamlessly integrating with the rhythm of our existence. Thar's sands, with their unique composition, inspire designs that transcend mere functionality, becoming statements of personal style in the ever-evolving tapestry of fashion and technology. Projectors, infused with the magic of Thar's silicon, redefine visual experiences. The once passive act of projection becomes an interactive symphony, where the virtual and the physical converge in a dance of light and shadow. High-resolution displays transform home theatres into cinematic realms, and professional settings into arenas of immersive engagement. Yet, this journey doesn't conclude with the marvels on the surface. It delves into the ethical and sustainable, where responsible resource management and fair labor practices become the guiding stars of technological progress. The sands of Thar, once perceived as an arid expanse, become the stage for a harmonious coexistence between human advancement and environmental preservation. As the pages unfold, envisage a future where the sands of Thar become the catalyst for a global collaboration that transcends geographical boundaries. A future where technological literacy, ethical considerations, and sustainable practices become the pillars of innovation. The alchemy of sands to silicon, to iron, to arsenic, to rare earth elements, and their subsequent metamorphosis into instruments, gadgets, and marvels, is a testament to the indomitable spirit of human curiosity and resilience. This book is an exploration, an invitation to traverse the sands of Thar not merely as arid landscapes but as repositories of untold potential. It is a celebration of the synergy between the elemental and the ethereal, where the mundane is transformed into the extraordinary. Join us on this odyssey—a journey from grains to grandeur, from sands to silicon dreams, and may the alchemy within these pages inspire the architect of tomorrow's technological marvels.

Download or read book Rare Earth Silicide Nanowires on Silicon Surfaces written by Martina Wanke and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium written by A.K. Suri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth and development witnessed today in modern science, engineering, and technology owes a heavy debt to the rare, refractory, and reactive metals group, of which niobium is a member. Extractive Metallurgy of Niobium presents a vivid account of the metal through its comprehensive discussions of properties and applications, resources and resource processing, chemical processing and compound preparation, metal extraction, and refining and consolidation. Typical flow sheets adopted in some leading niobium-producing countries for the beneficiation of various niobium sources are presented, and various chemical processes for producing pure forms of niobium intermediates such as chloride, fluoride, and oxide are discussed. The book also explains how to liberate the metal from its intermediates and describes the physico-chemical principles involved. It is an excellent reference for chemical metallurgists, hydrometallurgists, extraction and process metallurgists, and minerals processors. It is also valuable to a wide variety of scientists, engineers, technologists, and students interested in the topic.

Download or read book Magnetism in Rare Earth silicon and Rare Earth manganese Intermetallic Alloys written by Sunil Labroo and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation and Study of Rare earth doped Silicon written by Carl R. Betz and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary is given of work performed toward the objective of producing single silicon crystals doped with rare-earth elements and with uranium. Crystals were grown by various modifications of the Czochralski method, and the apparatus and techniques are described. The properties, principally the resistivity profiles, and details of doping and of growth, are included for each crystal that was grown. (Author).

Download or read book Environmental Barrier Coatings written by Kang N. Lee and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global increase in air travel will require commercial vehicles to be more efficient than ever before. Advanced engine hot section materials are a key technology required to keep fuel consumption and emission to a minimum in next-generation gas turbines. Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are the most promising material to revolutionize gas turbine hot section materials technology because of their excellent high‐temperature properties. Rapid surface recession due to volatilization by water vapor is the Achilles heel of CMCs. Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) is an enabling technology for CMCs, since it protects CMCs from water vapor. The first CMC component entered into service in 2016 in a commercial engine, and more CMC components are scheduled to follow within the next few years. One of the most difficult challenges to CMC components is EBC durability, because failure of EBC leads to a rapid reduction in CMC component life. Key contributors to EBC failure include recession, oxidation, degradation by calcium‐aluminum‐magnesium silicates (CMAS) deposits, thermal and thermo‐mechanical strains, particle erosion, and foreign object damage (FOD). Novel EBC chemistries, creative EBC designs, and robust processes are required to meet EBC durability challenges. Engine-relevant testing, characterization, and lifing methods need to be developed to improve EBC reliability. The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances in EBC technology to address these issues. In particular, topics of interest include but are not limited to the following: • Novel EBC chemistries and designs; • Processing including plasma spray, suspension plasma spray, solution precursor plasma spray, slurry process, PS-PVD, EB-PVD, and CVD; • Testing, characterization, and modeling; • Lifing.

Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Rare Earth doped Silicon Nanocrystals and Rare Earth doped Silicon Dioxide Nanostructures written by John Vincent St. John and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rare Earth Ion Implantation for Silicon Based Light Emission written by Wolfgang Skorupa and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rare Metal Technology 2023 written by Takanari Ouchi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents papers from a symposium on extraction of rare metals from primary and secondary materials and residues as well as rare metals extraction processing techniques used in metal production. The collection covers the extraction of less common or minor metals including elements such as antimony, bismuth, barium, beryllium, boron, calcium, chromium, gallium, germanium, hafnium, indium, manganese, molybdenum, platinum group metals, rare earth metals, rhenium, scandium, selenium, sodium, strontium, tantalum, tellurium, and tungsten. It also includes rare metals of low-tonnage sales compared to high-tonnage metals (iron, copper, nickel, lead, tin, zinc, or light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or titanium and electronic metalloid silicon). Rare metal processing covers bio-metallurgy, hydro-metallurgy, and electro-metallurgy while novel high-temperature processes such as microwave heating, solar-thermal reaction synthesis, and cold crucible synthesis of rare metals are also addressed. Also included in this collection is the design of extraction equipment used in these processes from suppliers as well as laboratory and pilot plant studies.