Download or read book Shock Sensitivity of LX 04 at 150C written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazard scenarios can involve multiple stimuli, such as heating followed by fragment impact (shock). The shock response of LX-04 (85 weight % HMX and 15 weight % Viton binder) preheated to temperatures near 150 C is studied in a 10.2 cm bore diameter gas gun using embedded manganin pressure gauges. The pressure histories at various depths in the LX-04 targets and the run distances to detonation at several input shock pressures are measured and compared to those previously obtained in ambient temperature and 170 C LX-04. Since the beta to delta phase transition in HMX occurs at 165 C, these experiments are designed to determine whether the observed increase in shock sensitivity is due in part to the 6% volume expansion caused by this phase transition. The experimental shows that LX-04 exhibits the same sensitivity at 150 C and 170 C. The Ignition and Growth reactive flow model developed for 170 C LX-04 works equally well for LX-04 at 150 C.

Download or read book Cat chisme de la gr ce written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Shock Sensitivity of LX 04 Containing Delta Phase HMX at Elevated Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LX-04 is a widely used HMX-based plastic bonded explosive, which contains 85 weight% HMX and 15 weight% Viton binder. The sensitivity of LX-04 to a single stimulus such as heat, impact, and shock has been previously studied. However, hazard scenarios can involve multiple stimuli, such as heating to temperatures close to thermal explosion conditions followed by fragment impact, producing a shock in the hot explosive. The sensitivity of HMX at elevated temperatures is further complicated by the beta to delta solid-state phase transition, which occurs at approximately 165 C. This paper presents the results of shock initiation experiments conducted with LX-04 preheated to 190 C, as well as density measurements and small scale safety test results of the[delta] phase HMX at room temperature. This work shows that LX-04 at 190 C is more shock sensitive than LX-04 at 150 C or 170 C due to the volume increase during the[beta] to[delta] solid phase transition, which creates more hot spots, and the faster growth of reaction during shock compression.

Download or read book Shock Sensitivity of LX 04 at Elevated Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hazard scenarios can involve multiple stimuli, such as heating followed by fragment impact (shock). The shock response of LX-04 (85 weight % HMX and 15 weight % Viton binder) preheated to temperatures hear 170C is studied in a 10.2 cm bore diameter gas gun using embedded manganin pressure gauges. The pressure histories at various depths in the LX-04 targets and the run distances to detonation at several input shock pressures are measured and compared to those obtained in ambient temperature LX-04. The hot LX-04 is significantly more shock sensitive than ambient LX-04. Ignition and Growth reactive flow models are developed for ambient and hot LX-04 to allow predictions of impact scenarios that a can not be tested directly.

Download or read book SHOCK INITIATION EXPERIMENTS PLUS IGNITION AND GROWTH MODELING OF DAMAGED LX 04 CHARGES written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock initiation experiments were performed on mechanically and thermally damaged LX-04 (85% HMX and 15% Viton by weight) to obtain in-situ manganin pressure gauge data and run distances to detonation at various shock pressures. The LX-04 charges were damaged mechanically by applying a compressive load of 600 psi for 20,000 cycles, thus creating many small narrow cracks, or by cutting wedge shaped parts that were then loosely reassembled, thus creating a few large cracks. The thermal damaged LX-04 charges were heated to 190 C for a long enough time for the beta to delta phase transition to occur and then cooled to ambient temperature. Mechanically damaged LX-04 exhibited only slightly increased shock sensitivity, while the thermally damaged LX-04 was much more shock sensitive. The pristine LX-04 Ignition and Growth model, modified only by igniting a larger amount of explosive during shock compression based on the damaged charge density, accurately calculated the increased shock sensitivity of the three damaged charges.

Download or read book LOW AMPLITUDE SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SHOCK INITIATION EXPERIMENTS AND MODELING OF LX 04 written by F. Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock initiation experiments were performed on the plastic bonded explosive (PBX) LX-04 (85% HMX, 15% Viton binder) using single and multiple low amplitude shocks to obtain pressure history data for use in Ignition and Growth reactive flow modeling parameterization. A 100 mm diameter propellant driven gas gun was utilized to initiate the LX-04 explosive charges containing manganin piezoresistive pressure gauge packages placed between explosive discs. In the single shock experiments, the run distances to detonation at three shock pressures showed agreement with previously published data above 3 GPa. Even longer run distances to detonation were measured using 80 mm long by 145 mm diameter LX-04 charges impacted by low velocity projectiles from a 155 mm diameter gun. The minimum shock pressure required to cause low levels of exothermic reaction were determined for these large LX-04 charge dimensions. Multiple shocks were generated as double shocks by using a flyer plate with two materials and as reflected shocks by placing a high impedance material at the rear of the explosive charge. In both cases, the first shock pressure was not high enough to cause detonation of LX-04, and the second shock pressure, which would have been sufficient to cause detonation if generated by a single shock, failed to cause detonation. Thus LX-04 exhibited shock desensitization over a range of 0.6 to 1.4 GPa. The higher shock pressure LX-04 model was extended to accurately simulate these lower pressure and multiple shock gauge records. The shock desensitization effects observed with multiple shock compressions were partially accounted for in the model by using a critical compression corresponding to a shock pressure of 1.2 GPa. This shock desensitization effect occurs at higher pressures than those of other HMX-based PBX's containing higher HMX percentages.

Download or read book The Increased Shock Sensitivity of PBX 9502 at High Temperature written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Shock Sensitivity a Property of Many Aspects written by Donna Price and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shock sensitivity of an explosive includes its threshold for propagation of steady state detonation at the critical diameter as well as its numerous thresholds for initiation of detonation under different transient conditions. Data for TNT charges of differing degrees of homogeneity are used to show a continuous variation of critical diameter with the initiating pressure measured with the NOL large scale gap test. An example of a critical curve is constructed in the pressure-time plane; it runs from the threshold conditions at critical diameter through those at initiating pressure. It is suggested that all other initiating pressures measured for the same charge would also fall on this curve which illustrates the relationship between the different threshold values. (Author).

Download or read book Studies on the Polymorphs of HMX written by Howard H. Cady and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engineering Materials 2 written by Michael F. Ashby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a thorough explanation of the basic properties of materials; of how these can be controlled by processing; of how materials are formed, joined and finished; and of the chain of reasoning that leads to a successful choice of material for a particular application. The materials covered are grouped into four classes: metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. Each class is studied in turn, identifying the families of materials in the class, the microstructural features, the processes or treatments used to obtain a particular structure and their design applications. The text is supplemented by practical case studies and example problems with answers, and a valuable programmed learning course on phase diagrams.

Download or read book Measurement and Computation of Streamflow written by Saul Edward Rantz and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structure and Properties of Energetic Materials Volume 296 written by Donald H. Liebenberg and published by . This book was released on 1993-05-28 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.

Download or read book Military Explosives written by Ordnance Department and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extrusion written by Harold F. Giles Jr and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2013-09-21 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Extrusion is designed to aid operators, engineers, and managers in extrusion processing in quickly answering practical day-to-day questions. The first part of the book provides the fundamental principles, for operators and engineers, of polymeric materials extrusion processing in single and twin screw extruders. The next section covers advanced topics including troubleshooting, auxiliary equipment, and coextrusion for operators, engineers, and managers. The final part provides applications case studies in key areas for engineers such as compounding, blown film, extrusion blow molding, coating, foam, and reprocessing. This practical guide to extrusion brings together both equipment and materials processing aspects. It covers basic and advanced topics, for reference and training, in thermoplastics processing in the extruder. Detailed reference data are provided on such important operating conditions as temperatures, start-up procedures, shear rates, pressure drops, and safety. A practical guide to the selection, design and optimization of extrusion processes and equipment Designed to improve production efficiency and product quality Focuses on practical fault analysis and troubleshooting techniques

Download or read book Analysis and Design of Automotive Brake Systems written by United States. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Energetic Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-01-30 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced energetic materialsâ€"explosive fill and propellantsâ€"are a critical technology for national security. While several new promising concepts and formulations have emerged in recent years, the Department of Defense is concerned about the nation's ability to maintain and improve the knowledge base in this area. To assist in addressing these concerns, two offices within DOD asked the NRC to investigate and assess the scope and health of the U.S. R&D efforts in energetic materials. This report provides that assessment. It presents several findings about the current R&D effort and recommendations aimed at improving U.S. capabilities in developing new energetic materials technology. This study reviewed U.S. research and development in advanced energetics being conducted by DoD, the DoE national laboratories, industries, and academia, from a list provided by the sponsors. It also: (a) reviewed papers and technology assessments of non-U.S. work in advanced energetics, assessed important parameters, such as validity, viability, and the likelihood that each of these materials can be produced in quantity; (b) identified barriers to scale-up and production, and suggested technical approaches for addressing potential problems; and (c) suggested specific opportunities, strategies, and priorities for government sponsorship of technologies and manufacturing process development.