Download or read book Shared Water Resources of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book Description:Water resources in the Middle East are barely enough to cope with human demand, and their scarcity is a matter of discussion in many conclaves. However, it must be clarified that Lebanon has a rugged topography that sets it apart from the surrounding regions. Its small area of 10,452 km2 is characterized by a mountainous terrain marked by several valley systems. Two mountain chains (Mount Lebanon to the west and Anti-Lebanon to the east) extend parallel to the Mediterranean Sea, and are separated by the Bekaa Plain, which comprises a relatively wide depression. Hence, Lebanon has many sources of surface water including rivers, springs, snowfalls and lakes; besides, many aquiferous rock formations and karstic conduits exist where groundwater can accumulate via seeping.However, complaints concerning the lack of understanding about the imbalanced water supply/demand in Lebanon are often a matter of debate, and the water budget is also not well-formulated yet. Added to the matter of water shortage and deterioration in quality thereof, challenges for water resources have only exacerbated. Thus, there are parallel paths stemming from both natural and human driving forces leading to increasing water stress. Climate change, pollution, over-exploitation and the mismanagement of trans-boundary water resources are amongst the geo-environmental problems that affect these resources. In particular, shared water is one of the major water problems in Lebanon.To put this issue into perspective, more than 74% of Lebanon's border is shared with neighbouring countries, which makes the surface and groundwater intermingle with neighbouring regions; thus, no volumetric measures are known. Two shared rivers exist between Lebanon and its neighbours: one with Syria in the north, and the other with the Palestinian Territory (PT) in the south. In addition, the three major aquiferous rock formations of Lebanon are interrelated with neighbouring regions.To date, there is no credible study to assess and allocate the shared water resources. Consequently, geo-political conflicts frequently arise due to the obscure nature of the hydrologic conditions. In addition, the absence of treaties and agreements is another reason affecting water sharing, which constitutes the principal cause of water loss. This is totally governed by the unstable political situation in the region.This book aims to highlight the principles of Lebanon's water resources with new numeric measures. It will also reveal the major elements of the striking challenges. Thus, the fundamental hydrologic aspects of shared water resources in Lebanon, including quantitative measures and the spatial extent of these resources will be illustrated.
Download or read book Water Resources of Lebanon written by Amin Shaban and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-06 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water has become a challenging resource that many countries worldwide are concerned with. Thus, water is often linked with health, society development, national income and even international geo-politics. Sometimes, water resources are unavailable, but successful management involves developing approaches and projects to assure water supply. However, there are some countries with available water resources, but unsatisfactory management, and thus complain about water supply becoming a national problem. This situation is prevalent in Lebanon, a country characterized by abundant water resources whether on the surface or sub-surface. It is a paradox that there is still imbalance in water supply/demand in Lebanon, and water resources are now under stress due to chaotic use. This has been exacerbated by the oscillating climatic conditions, increased population and improper management. Therefore, people receive less than one-third of their water needs, and most water supplied is of poor quality. The current status shows a descending trend. Undoubtedly, if the water sector in Lebanon continues this way, we should anticipate unfavourable (and may be severe) consequences. Many studies have been conducted on water and related disciplines in Lebanon; however, all of them focus on specific themes and sometimes defined regions. Nevertheless, the occurred changes on the influencers (natural and man-made) have not been considered. This book is the first of its type for Lebanon, and it shows all aspects of water resources with updated measurements and findings obtained by adopting new techniques. It diagnoses in-depth the major elements of water flow/storage mechanism that have never been covered in such a comprehensive manner before. Also, this book introduces and analyses the existing challenges and proposes solutions. It represents a comprehensive investigation of the water resources in Lebanon.
Download or read book Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia written by United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia and published by UN. This book was released on 2013 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword -- Preface -- Acronyms & units of measurement -- Introduction to the inventory -- Shared water resources in Western Asia -- Key findings -- Overview & methodology: Surface water -- Euphrates River Basin -- Shared tributaries of the Euphrates River -- Tigris River Basin -- Shared tributaries of the Tigris River -- Shatt al Arab, Karkheh and Karun Rivers -- Jordan River Basin -- Orontes River Basin -- Nahr El Kabir Basin -- Qweik River Basin -- Overview & methodology: Groundwater -- Saq-Ram Aquifer System (West) -- Wajid Aquifer System -- Tawila-Mahra/Cretaceous Sands: Wasia-Biyadh-Aruma Aquifer System (South) -- Sakaka-Rutba: Wasia-Biyadh-Aruma Aquifer System (North) -- Rub'al Khali: Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (South) -- Gulf Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (Centre) -- Widyan-Salman: Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (North) -- Wadi Sirhan Basin: Tawil-Quaternary Aquifer System -- Anti-Lebanon -- Western Aquifer Basin -- Coastal Aquifer Basin -- Yarmouk Basin: Basalt Aquifer System (West) -- Azraq-Dhuleil Basin: Basalt Aquifer System (South) -- Taurus-Zagros -- Jezira Tertiary Limestone Aquifer System -- Jezira Basin: Neogene Aquifer System (North-West): Upper and Lower Fars -- Dibdibba Delta Basin Neogene Aquifer System (South-East): Dibdibba-Kuwait Group
Download or read book Atlas of Lebanon written by Eric Verdeil and published by Presses de l’Ifpo. This book was released on 2019-10-03 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After fifteen years of reconstruction in a relatively peaceful environment spanning the years 1990 to 2004, Lebanon has experienced successive violent political events resulting from complex entangled internal and external struggles. The Syrian crisis and its political, economic and demographic consequences on Lebanon have increased these tensions. This atlas sheds light on these new challenges and adds new data that complete the analyses already published in the Atlas du Liban. Territoires et société (Atlas of Lebanon. Territories and Society) released in 2007 by the same research team. Some of its components are included in this edition. Beyond the international regional crisis and the population movements, it takes into account Lebanon’s socio-economic dimensions, the environmental issues linked to uncontrolled urbanization and to natural risks, as well as conflicts due to local territorial management. This atlas is the result of a collaborative endeavor between French and Lebanese researchers. It uses a geographical approach that puts in the foreground a spatial analysis of social and natural phenomena. Public sources are scarce in Lebanon, especially at the local scale. They are sometimes less reliable and difficult to access. It is particularly the case for the Lebanese census data, conversely data are abundantly available on the refugees population, which is less known than the population of refugees. International data help compare Lebanon to its neighbors. Thematic data produced by some ministries are helpful to provide a detailed view regarding specific domains. Analyses processed on aerial and satellite images have produced essential data on urbanization and environment. Local thematic fieldwork surveys have provided additional data. The book consists of seven chapters. The first one deals with the territorial state-building seen in the light of regional geopolitics, and emphasizes internal violence and the reemergence of militias and armed groups that fight each other and the state army. Lebanon is once again perceived as a territory divided between multiple allegiances. The second chapter is devoted to the analysis of population dynamics, despite the lack of reliable data whose sources are subject to discussion. It includes analyses of internal population flows, the Lebanese diaspora, and the assessment of Syrian refugees’ influx. The third chapter shows the fragility of the Lebanese economic model. Its dependency on foreign investments and on...
Download or read book Water Wisdom written by Alon Tal and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This comprehensive, informed, and balanced volume provides invaluable insights into the roots of the water management challenges in the Middle East and charts a course for resolving this pressing issue."--James D. Wolfensohn, former Quartet Special Envoy for Gaza.
Download or read book Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean written by International Development Research Centre (Canada) and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2000 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Balances in the Eastern Mediterranean
Download or read book Water Resources in the Middle East written by Hillel Shuval and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-30 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various approaches to the resolution of the severe water resource issues of the Middle East, with particular emphasis on the Israeli-Palestinian water conflicts. The authors include leading Palestinian and Israeli water experts who have worked together on joint research projects aimed at building up mutual understanding and respect. The studies consider the various approaches that could be used to improve cooperation and solve the problems arising from conflicting interests.
Download or read book Hydrology written by Theodore V. Hromadka II and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, an attempt is made to highlight the recent advances in Hydrology. The several topics examined in this book form the underpinnings of larger-scale considerations, including but not limited to topics such as large-scale hydrologic processes and the evolving field of Critical Zone Hydrology. Computational modeling, data collection, and visualization are additional subjects, among others, examined in the set of topics presented.
Download or read book Free flow written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-17 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is an essential resource for mankind and our ecosystems. Free Flow is a fully illustrated book with over 100 authors work on water management and cooperation at international, regional, national, municipal and local levels. Their commentaries draw upon experiences around the world, reflecting how people are changing their interaction with water to improve sustainable development. The publication reflects progresses and challenges in these fields, highlighting good practices in a wide variety of societies and disciplines. The book strives to project experiences into future actions and encourages further institutional commitments to better understanding of and more effective management of water cooperation in order to achieve sustainable development.
Download or read book Stakeholder mapping and needs assessment Lebanon written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the scarcity of land and water resources, global strategies to increase food production should focus efforts on increasing production per unit resources, i.e. the combined increase of production per unit land surface (yield expressed in kg/ha) and the increase of production per unit water used (water productivity expressed in kg/m³). The FAO portal to monitor WAter Productivity through Open access of Remotely sensed derived data (WaPOR) uses satellite information to compute and map key variables related to water and agriculture, such as evapotranspiration, biomass production and water productivity. The provision of near real time information through such open access data portal enables a range of service-providers to assist farmers attain more reliable yields and to improve their livelihoods; irrigation operators have access to new information to assess the performance of systems and to identify where to focus investments to modernize the irrigation schemes; and government agencies will be able to use the information to monitor and promote the efficient use of natural resources. This report presents the work undertaken to identify key stakeholders in the agriculture and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector and the capacity needs of farmers to improve water productivity in a sustainable manner, through two components; the first surveys the role and capacities of various stakeholders in the ICT and agriculture sector in Lebanon, and the second presents and analyzes the results of a survey into the capacity needs of farmers in relation to the use of ICT in agriculture in the Bekaa valley.
Download or read book The Litani River Lebanon An Assessment and Current Challenges written by Amin Shaban and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of chapters covering research on the Litani River Basin. The Litani River Basin occupies about a quarter of Lebanon's surface area, and it has recently been subject to severe geo-environmental conditions such as water contamination and decreased discharge. This motivated the Lebanese government to take action and start working on the remediation of the river. These actions are also supported by international organizations including the World Bank.
Download or read book Shared Borders Shared Waters written by Sharon B. Megdal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers examines water management in two of the world’s prominent, arid transboundary areas facing similar challenges. In the Middle East, the chronically water-short Israeli-Palestinian region has recognized the need both to conserve and supplement its traditional water sources. Across the globe on the North American continent, Arizona—a state in the southwestern United States bordering Mexico—relies significantly on the overallocated Colorado River, as well as on non-renewable groundwater supplies. For both regions, sustainable and cost-effective solutions clearly require innovative, multifaceted, and conflict-avoiding approaches. This volume is predicated on the role that “science diplomacy” can play in resolving difficult water-related issues. The history of natural-resources disputes confirms that the scientific approach can reveal ways to overcome division. Experience has shown that scientifically-trained experts who are sensitive to sociopolitical conditions can assist in developing and evaluating feasible water management solutions. The insights and expertise of a distinguished and diverse group of researchers fill these chapters. Contributors include established authorities as well as a number of budding scholars. In a field traditionally dominated by males and by engineers, this collection benefits from significant gender diversity and contributions from a broad spectrum of disciplines. Policymakers, water managers, specialists such as university researchers and consultants, and citizens all have an interest in finding sustainable strategies to address the many water-management issues discussed in this volume. The assembled papers underscore that much work remains to be done.
Download or read book Water Resources and Conflict in the Middle East written by Nurit Kliot and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East is a region of international concern and political unrest. This book forms a complete reference to both the hydrological as well as the social, economic, political and legal issues in the region and shows how water shortages threaten the renewal of military conflicts and disruption in the area. With resources over-extended due to natural and human causes, the book analyses the river basins of the Euphrates, Tigris, Nile and Jordan and provides detailed study of the hydrology, hydrography and geography of these river basins; it also analyses the needs of the economies and societies of the countries bordering these basins. Conclusions on likely areas of conflict are set within the legal framework of the Helsinki and International Law Commission Rules.
Download or read book OECD Studies on Water Water Resources Allocation Sharing Risks and Opportunities written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-13 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capturing information from 27 OECD countries and key partner economies, the report presents key findings from the OECD Survey of Water Resources Allocation and case studies of successful allocation reform.
Download or read book Regional Cooperation Between Countries in the Management of Shared Water Resources written by United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydrology written by Muhammad Salik Javaid and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of the science of water, commonly called “the hydrologic science,” is increasing day by day as water resources are depleting and becoming scarcer. These resources are either being polluted by human lifestyle, rendered unsuitable due to negligence and mismanagement, or their quantity is fast diminishing due to exhaustive extraction and consumption. With this state of affairs, in recent times, knowledge of the science of water has gained an impetus many times its original scale; and with that, its acquisition, expansion, research, advancement, and dissemination have become more important. With so many dimensions of hydrology available for exploration, research, and technological advancement, any contributory work will find its right place. This book will play its part in furthering the knowledge of the science of water and will prove useful reading for various cross-sections of academia, researchers, engineers, hydrologists, and all categories of water consumers.
Download or read book Water Resources written by Joseph Holden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world faces huge challenges for water as population continues to grow, as emerging economies develop and as climate change alters the global and local water cycle. There are major questions to be answered about how we supply water in a sustainable and safe manner to fulfil our needs, while at the same time protecting vulnerable ecosystems from disaster. Water Resources: An Integrated Approach provides students with a comprehensive overview of both natural and socio-economic processes associated with water. The book contains chapters written by 20 specialist contributors, providing expert depth of coverage to topics. The text guides the reader through the topic of water starting with its unique properties and moving through environmental processes and human impacts upon them including the changing water cycle, water movement in river basins, water quality, groundwater and aquatic ecosystems. The book then covers management strategies for water resources, water treatment and re-use, and the role of water in human health before covering water economics and water conflict. The text concludes with a chapter that examines new concepts such as virtual water that help us understand current and future water resource use and availability across interconnected local and global scales. This book provides a novel interdisciplinary approach to water in a changing world, from an environmental change perspective and inter-related social, political and economic dimensions. It includes global examples from both the developing and developed world. Each chapter is supplemented with boxed case studies, end of chapter questions, and further reading, as well as a glossary of terms. The text is richly illustrated throughout with over 150 full colour diagrams and photos.
