Download or read book Self motion Perception and Multisensory Integration in Older Adults written by Grace A. Gabriel and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is associated with changes in how our brains combine sensory information when perceiving self-motion. Despite age-related changes in sensory integration, little is known about whether multisensory self-motion perception changes in older adults (OAs). Understanding such changes is important since OAs are particularly vulnerable to errors during self-motion, which can increase their risk of injury (e.g., when walking, driving). Vestibular cues are very important for self-motion perception, yet how vestibular perception changes with older age and age-related sensory declines is understudied. Therefore, in Chapter 2, I explored whether vestibular perceptual thresholds differ between healthy OAs (i.e., no sensory/cognitive decline) and younger adults (YAs), for two different motion types (heave and pitch). Thresholds were measured using two different perceptual tasks: 1) detection task, and 2) discrimination task. Postural stability was also assessed. OAs demonstrated higher (worse) detection thresholds than YAs for both motions. Larger postural sway in OAs was also associated with higher vestibular thresholds.Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is highly prevalent in OAs and is associated with increased falls risk. Therefore, using the same paradigm as Chapter 2, in Chapter 3 I evaluated whether higher vestibular perceptual thresholds are observed in individuals with ARHL than those with normal hearing. Here, OAs with ARHL showed higher pitch discrimination thresholds than those with normal hearing. Hearing loss in the low-frequency ranges also predicted worse pitch detection. Given that older age (Chapter 2) and ARHL (Chapter 3) were shown to predict poorer self-motion perception, in Chapter 4 I evaluated whether self-motion perception could be improved with training. Specifically, I trained OAs and YAs on a visual-vestibular heading-discrimination task. While OAs showed poorer overall precision than YAs, both groups showed improved precision post-training for the sensory condition with the lowest pre-training precision (visual-only). A sub-group of OAs who initially could not perform the visual heading task demonstrated greatly improved performance post-training. Collectively, I show that while healthy aging and common age-related sensory declines may be associated with poorer self-motion perception, training can potentially be used to improve these abilities. Together, these results may have implications for informing fall/collision prevention strategies.
Download or read book Age related Changes in Multisensory Self motion Perception written by Robert Charles Ramkhalawansingh and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To derive the precise estimates of self-motion necessary to perform mobility-related tasks like walking and driving, humans integrate information about their movement from across their sensory systems (e.g. visual, auditory, proprioceptive, vestibular). However, recent evidence suggests that the way in which multiple sensory inputs are integrated by the adult brain changes with age. The objective of this thesis was to consider, for the first time, whether age-related changes in multisensory integration are observed in the context of self-motion perception. Two research approaches were used. First, I used a simple, simulated driving task to provide visual cues to self-motion and to manipulate the availability of auditory and/or vestibular cues to self-motion (i.e., unisensory versus multisensory conditions). The results revealed that relative to younger adults, older adults generally demonstrate greater differences in performance between multisensory and unisensory conditions. However, the driving task could not disentangle the effects of age-related differences in real-world driving experience from age-related differences in sensory integrative mechanisms. Second, I used an established and highly controlled psychophysical heading perception task to evaluate whether, like younger adults, older adults integrate visual and vestibular cues to self-motion in a statistically optimal fashion. I considered conditions where each of the two cues was presented alone, in combination and congruent, or in combination but indicating conflicting heading angles. Results showed that while older adults did demonstrate optimal integration during congruent conditions, they were comparatively less tolerant to spatial conflicts between the visual and vestibular inputs. Overall, these results may have important implications for the way that older adults perform mobility-related tasks under various perceptual and environmental conditions.
Download or read book Multisensory Integration in Spatial Orientation and Self motion Perception written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Intersection of Cognitive Motor and Sensory Processing in Aging Links to Functional Outcomes written by Jeannette R. Mahoney and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-07 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perception Control of Self motion written by Rik Warren and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Multisensory Cue Integration for Self motion Perception written by Christopher Robert Fetsch and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Body Perception from the Inside Out written by Günther Knoblich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-05 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the general notion of cognition has recently broadened to include its embodied nature, researchers' accounts of perception have increasingly come to include the body's special status as a window on the world and to accommodate the specific perceptual requirements for identifying, interpreting, and interacting with other bodies. This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the rapid progress that has been made in understanding the human body and its relationship to perception. It will help to unify the relevant research from several independent areas of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience and facilitate the development of an integrated framework for the study of human-body perception.
Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.
Download or read book Multisensory Development written by Andrew J. Bremner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We perceive and understand our environment using many sensory systems-vision, touch, hearing, taste, smell, and proprioception. These multiple sensory modalities give us complementary sources of information about the environment. This book explores how we develop the ability to integrate our senses.
Download or read book Human Self motion Perception written by Nadine Hummel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Role of Inner Ear in Self and Environment Perception written by Alexis Bozorg Grayeli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laws of Seeing written by Wolfgang Metzger and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-08-21 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first English translation of a classic work in vision science from 1936 by a leading figure in the Gestalt movement, covering topics that continue to be major issues in vision research today. This classic work in vision science, written by a leading figure in Germany's Gestalt movement in psychology and first published in 1936, addresses topics that remain of major interest to vision researchers today. Wolfgang Metzger's main argument, drawn from Gestalt theory, is that the objects we perceive in visual experience are not the objects themselves but perceptual effigies of those objects constructed by our brain according to natural rules. Gestalt concepts are currently being increasingly integrated into mainstream neuroscience by researchers proposing network processing beyond the classical receptive field. Metzger's discussion of such topics as ambiguous figures, hidden forms, camouflage, shadows and depth, and three-dimensional representations in paintings will interest anyone working in the field of vision and perception, including psychologists, biologists, neurophysiologists, and researchers in computational vision—and artists, designers, and philosophers. Each chapter is accompanied by compelling visual demonstrations of the phenomena described; the book includes 194 illustrations, drawn from visual science, art, and everyday experience, that invite readers to verify Metzger's observations for themselves. Today's researchers may find themselves pondering the intriguing question of what effect Metzger's theories might have had on vision research if Laws of Seeing and its treasure trove of perceptual observations had been available to the English-speaking world at the time of its writing.
Download or read book The Merging of the Senses written by Barry E. Stein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993-01-22 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together neural, perceptual, and behavioral studies, The Merging of the Senses provides the first detailed review of how the brain assembles information from different sensory systems in order to produce a coherent view of the external world. Stein and Meredith marshall evidence from a broad array of species to show that interactions among senses are the most ancient scheme of sensory organization, an integrative system reflecting a general plan that supersedes structure and species. Most importantly, they explore what is known about the neural processes by which interactions among the senses take place at the level of the single cell.The authors draw on their own experiments to illustrate how sensory inputs converge (from visual, auditory, and somatosensory modalities, for instance) on individual neurons in different areas of the brain, how these neurons integrate their inputs, the principles by which this integration occurs, and what this may mean for perception and behavior. Neurons in the superior colliculus and cortex are emphasized as models of multiple sensory integrators.
Download or read book Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness written by David Bennett and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers and cognitive scientists address the relationships among the senses and the connections between conscious experiences that form unified wholes. In this volume, cognitive scientists and philosophers examine two closely related aspects of mind and mental functioning: the relationships among the various senses and the links that connect different conscious experiences to form unified wholes. The contributors address a range of questions concerning how information from one sense influences the processing of information from the other senses and how unified states of consciousness emerge from the bonds that tie conscious experiences together. Sensory Integration and the Unity of Consciousness is the first book to address both of these topics, integrating scientific and philosophical concerns. A flood of recent work in both philosophy and perception science has challenged traditional conceptions of the sensory systems as operating in isolation. Contributors to the volume consider the ways in which perceptual contact with the world is or may be “multisensory,” discussing such subjects as the modeling of multisensory integration and philosophical aspects of sensory modalities. Recent years have seen a similar surge of interest in unity of consciousness. Contributors explore a range of questions on this topic, including the nature of that unity, the degree to which conscious experiences are unified, and the relationship between unified consciousness and the self. Contributors Tim Bayne, David J. Bennett, Berit Brogaard, Barry Dainton, Ophelia Deroy, Frederique de Vignemont, Marc Ernst, Richard Held, Christopher S. Hill, Geoffrey Lee, Kristan Marlow, Farid Masrour, Jennifer Matey, Casey O'Callaghan, Cesare V. Parise, Kevin Rice, Elizabeth Schechter, Pawan Sinha, Julia Trommershaeuser, Loes C. J. van Dam, Jonathan Vogel, James Van Cleve, Robert Van Gulick, Jonas Wulff
Download or read book Binaural and Spatial Hearing in Real and Virtual Environments written by Robert Gilkey and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 1109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current popular and scientific interest in virtual environments has provided a new impetus for investigating binaural and spatial hearing. However, the many intriguing phenomena of spatial hearing have long made it an exciting area of scientific inquiry. Psychophysical and physiological investigations of spatial hearing seem to be converging on common explanations of underlying mechanisms. These understandings have in turn been incorporated into sophisticated yet mathematically tractable models of binaural interaction. Thus, binaural and spatial hearing is one of the few areas in which professionals are soon likely to find adequate physiological explanations of complex psychological phenomena that can be reasonably and usefully approximated by mathematical and physical models. This volume grew out of the Conference on Binaural and Spatial Hearing, a four-day event held at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in response to rapid developments in binaural and spatial hearing research and technology. Meant to be more than just a proceedings, it presents chapters that are longer than typical proceedings papers and contain considerably more review material, including extensive bibliographies in many cases. Arranged into topical sections, the chapters represent major thrusts in the recent literature. The authors of the first chapter in each section have been encouraged to take a broad perspective and review the current state of literature. Subsequent chapters in each section tend to be somewhat more narrowly focused, and often emphasize the authors' own work. Thus, each section provides overview, background, and current research on a particular topic. This book is significant in that it reviews the important work during the past 10 to 15 years, and provides greater breadth and depth than most of the previous works.
Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages
Download or read book Geriatric Rehabilitation written by Jennifer M. Bottomley and published by SLACK Incorporated. This book was released on 2010 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you looking for concise, practical answers to questions that are often left unanswered by traditional pancreatic disease references? Are you seeking brief, evidence-based advice for complicated cases or complications? Curbside Consultation of the Pancreas: 49 Clinical Questions provides quick and direct answers to the thorny questions commonly posed during a curbside consultation between colleagues. Dr. Scott Tenner has designed this unique reference, which offers expert advice, preferences, and opinions on tough clinical questions commonly associated with pancreatic disease. The unique Q&A format provides quick access to current information related to pancreatic disease with the simplicity of a conversation between two colleagues. Numerous images, diagrams, and references are included to enhance the text and to illustrate the treatment of pancreatic disease patients. Curbside Consultation of the Pancreas: 49 Clinical Questions provides information basic enough for residents while also incorporating expert advice that even high-volume clinicians will appreciate. Gastroenterologists, fellows and residents in training, surgical attendings, and surgical residents will benefit from the user-friendly and casual format and the expert advice contained within. Some of the questions that are answered: How do I determine the amount of fluids to provide to patients with acute pancreatitis? When should antibiotics be used in acute pancreatitis? How do I determine the timing of re-feeding patients with acute pancreatitis? What is the best way to treat pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis? How should I define the best approach to a pseudocyst?
