Download or read book Selection Bias in Evaluating Treatment Effects written by Arthur Stanley Goldberger and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selection Bias in Evaluating Treatment Effects written by Arthur Stanley Goldberger and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selection Bias in Evaluating Treatment Effects written by Aage Bøttger Sørensen and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research A User s Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)
Download or read book Modelling and Evaluating Treatment Effects in Econometrics written by Dann Millimet and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The estimation of the effects of treatments endogenous variables representing everything from individual participation in a training program to national participation in a World Bank loan program has occupied much of the theoretical and applied econometric research literatures. This volume presents a collection of papers on this topic.
Download or read book Selection Bias and Covariate Imbalances in Randomized Clinical Trials written by Vance Berger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-10-22 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selection bias can, and does, occur, even in randomized clinical trials. Steps need to be taken in order to ensure that this does not compromise the integrity of clinical trials; hence “Selection Bias and Covariate Imbalances in Randomized Clinical Trials” offers a comprehensive treatment of the subject and the methodology involved. This book: Provides an overview of the hierarchy of study designs, and justifies the position of randomised trials at the top of this hierarchy. Discusses the strengths and defects of randomisation, and provides real evidence to justify concern regarding its defects. Outlays the damaging consequences that selection bias causes when it does occur. Considers courses of action that can be taken to manage/ contain the problem. Presents methods that can be used to detect selection bias in randomised trials, and methods to correct for selection bias. Concludes by providing a comprehensive plan for managing baseline imbalances and selection bias in randomised trials, and proposing open problems for future research. Illustrated with case studies, this book introduces groundbreaking ideas and research that will be invaluable to researchers and practitioners who design and analyse clinical trials. It will also be of interest to graduate students within the field of biostatistics.
Download or read book Drawing Inferences From Self selected Samples written by Howard Wainer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a collection of essays and discussions which serve as an introduction and guide to current research in the area of drawing inferences from self-selected samples. This topic is of direct interest to a professional audience of survey researchers, pollsters, market researchers, policymakers, statisticians, demographers, economists, and sociologists. The essays themselves and their associated critical discussions are clear and careful; the contributors are among the foremost experts in the field.
Download or read book Modelling and Evaluating Treatment Effects in Econometrics written by Dann Millimet and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The estimation of the effects of treatments endogenous variables representing everything from individual participation in a training program to national participation in a World Bank loan program has occupied much of the theoretical and applied econometric research literatures. This volume presents a collection of papers on this topic.
Download or read book Bias in the Estimates of Treatment Effects in Quasi experimental Evaluations written by Burt S. Barnow and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Finding What Works in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.
Download or read book Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions written by Julian P. T. Higgins and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2008-11-24 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves.
Download or read book Selection Bias Adjustment in Treatment effect Models as a Method of Aggregation written by Robert A. Moffitt and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this note is to interpret estimation of the conventional treatment-effect selection-bias model in econometrics as a method of aggregation and to draw the implications of this interpretation. In addition, the paper notes the connection of this interpretation with an older style of analysis using grouped data and illustrates the aggregation analogy with examples from the literature. The estimation technique used to illustrate the points is the method of instrumental variables.
Download or read book Propensity Score Analysis written by Shenyang Guo and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2015 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides readers with a systematic review of the origins, history, and statistical foundations of Propensity Score Analysis (PSA) and illustrates how it can be used for solving evaluation and causal-inference problems.
Download or read book Alternative Methods for Solving the Problem of Selection Bias in Evaluating the Impact of Treatments on Outcomes written by James Joseph Heckman and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in the Presence of Self Selection written by Xiang Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential feature common to all empirical social research is variability across units of analysis. Individuals differ not only in background characteristics, but also in how they respond to a particular treatment, intervention, or stimulation. Moreover, individuals may self-select into treatment on the basis of their anticipated treatment effects. To study heterogeneous treatment effects in the presence of self-selection, Heckman and Vytlacil (1999, 2001a, 2005, 2007b) have developed a structural approach that builds on the marginal treatment effect (MTE). In this paper, we extend the MTE-based approach through a redefinition of MTE. Specifically, we redefine MTE as the expected treatment effect conditional on the propensity score (instead of all observed covariates) as well as a latent variable representing unobserved resistance to treatment. The redefined MTE improves upon the original MTE in a number of aspects. First, while it is conditional on a unidimensional summary of covariates, it is sufficient to capture all of the treatment effect heterogeneity that is consequential for selection bias. Second, the new MTE is a bivariate function, and thus is easier to visualize than the original MTE. Third, as with the original MTE, the new MTE can also be used as a building block for evaluating standard causal estimands such as ATE and TT. However, the weights associated with the new MTE are simpler, more intuitive, and easier to compute. Finally, the redefined MTE immediately reveals treatment effect heterogeneity among individuals who are at the margin of treatment. As a result, it can be used to evaluate a wide range of policy changes with little analytical twist, and to design policy interventions that optimize the marginal benefits of treatment.
Download or read book Randomization in Clinical Trials written by William F. Rosenberger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the First Edition “All medical statisticians involved in clinical trials should read this book...” - Controlled Clinical Trials Featuring a unique combination of the applied aspects of randomization in clinical trials with a nonparametric approach to inference, Randomization in Clinical Trials: Theory and Practice, Second Edition is the go-to guide for biostatisticians and pharmaceutical industry statisticians. Randomization in Clinical Trials: Theory and Practice, Second Edition features: Discussions on current philosophies, controversies, and new developments in the increasingly important role of randomization techniques in clinical trials A new chapter on covariate-adaptive randomization, including minimization techniques and inference New developments in restricted randomization and an increased focus on computation of randomization tests as opposed to the asymptotic theory of randomization tests Plenty of problem sets, theoretical exercises, and short computer simulations using SAS® to facilitate classroom teaching, simplify the mathematics, and ease readers’ understanding Randomization in Clinical Trials: Theory and Practice, Second Edition is an excellent reference for researchers as well as applied statisticians and biostatisticians. The Second Edition is also an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in biostatistics and applied statistics. William F. Rosenberger, PhD, is University Professor and Chairman of the Department of Statistics at George Mason University. He is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and author of over 80 refereed journal articles, as well as The Theory of Response-Adaptive Randomization in Clinical Trials, also published by Wiley. John M. Lachin, ScD, is Research Professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics as well as in the Department of Statistics at The George Washington University. A Fellow of the American Statistical Association and the Society for Clinical Trials, Dr. Lachin is actively involved in coordinating center activities for clinical trials of diabetes. He is the author of Biostatistical Methods: The Assessment of Relative Risks, Second Edition, also published by Wiley.
Download or read book Econometric Evaluation of Labour Market Policies written by Michael Lechner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical measurement of impacts of active labour market programmes has started to become a central task of economic researchers. New improved econometric methods have been developed that will probably influence future empirical work in various other fields of economics as well. This volume contains a selection of original papers from leading experts, among them James J. Heckman, Noble Prize Winner 2000 in economics, addressing these econometric issues at the theoretical and empirical level. The theoretical part contains papers on tight bounds of average treatment effects, instrumental variables estimators, impact measurement with multiple programme options and statistical profiling. The empirical part provides the reader with econometric evaluations of active labour market programmes in Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Slovak Republic and Sweden.
