Download or read book Seismicity Tectonics and Lithospheric Structure of the Tibetan Plateau written by William Robert Langin and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Growth and Collapse of the Tibetan Plateau written by Richard Gloaguen and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2011 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite agreement on first-order features and mechanisms, critical aspects of the origin and evolution of the Tibetan Plateau, such as the exact timing and nature of collision, the initiation of plateau uplift, and the evolution of its height and width, are disputed, untested or unknown. This book gathers papers dealing with the growth and collapse of the Tibetan Plateau. The timing, the underlying mechanisms, their interactions and the induced surface shaping, contributing to the Tibetan Plateau evolution are tightly linked via coupled and feedback processes. We present interdisciplinary contributions allowing insight into the complex interactions between lithospheric dynamics, topography building, erosion, hydrological processes and atmospheric coupling. The book is structured in four parts: early processes in the plateau formation; recent growth of the Tibetan Plateau; mechanisms of plateau growth; and plateau uplift, surface processes and the monsoon.

Download or read book Investigations Into the Tectonics of the Tibetan Plateau written by B. C. Burchfiel and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2008 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume includes a variety of papers on the tectonics of the Tibetan Plateau and the Iranian Plateau that were presented at the first joint meeting between the Geological Society of America and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Each paper deals with a different aspect of the geology and/or the geophysics of the tectonic evolution of the plateau. Although most of the papers discuss areas in the northeastern part of the plateau, one concentrates on the complexity of the Cenozoic shear zones in Yunnan and one focuses on the late Cenozoic extensional tectonism along the western margin of the Iranian Plateau. Several papers discuss aspects of Tibetan tectonics not covered in any other papers and arrive at unique interpretations."--Publisher's website.

Download or read book Tectonics of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau and Its Adjacent Foreland written by B. C. Burchfiel and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume provides a summary of the geology of Eastern and Southeastern Tibet and its foreland. It covers an area of approximately 1.5 million square kilometers in 15 chapters on tectonic units that the authors recognize during 25 years of both field and laboratory study. Each chapter discusses the authors' understanding of the geology and offers interpretations of special geological relations, both local and regional, as well as currently unresolved problems of which there are many in this vast and poorly known region. Chapter 16 summarizes and interprets the preceding chapters. The volume is accompanied by CDs containing four plates: two tectonostratigraphic maps, a map of unconformities and a plate of cross sections, in both Illustrator and ArcGIS formats. This is a unique map presentation and one that the authors suggest as a model for all geological maps"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Lithospheric Structure of the Western United States and the Tibetan Plateau written by Mohammed Noureddine Beghoul and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Crustal Structure and Tectonics of Northeast Tibet from Controlled Source and Broadband Seismology written by Marianne Sherman Karplus and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation I present my contributions to our understanding of three-dimensional crustal structure and plateau growth in the north Tibetan Plateau from the Qiangtang terrane to the Qaidam Basin. Tibet is an ideal location to study plateau development processes in an active continent-continent collision zone. Recent seismic projects have collected an abundance of seismic data in north Tibet, and I use a range of active- and passive-source seismic data to investigate tectonic processes in that area. In particular, I look at how north Tibet is deforming in response to the India-Asia collision including whether there may be mid-or lower-crustal flow within the plateau. I further probe the causes of crustal thickness changes across the plateau and whether the plateau is actively growing. I also ask whether there is present-day subduction of Eurasia beneath north Tibet and what role the Kunlun strike-slip fault plays in the regional tectonics. I derive a velocity model from wide-angle reflection and refraction data using a high-resolution, 270-km active-source seismic profile crossing the Kunlun Mountains and south Qaidam Basin. The central Qaidam Basin resembles average continental crust, whereas the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and East Kunlun Mountains exhibit thickened, lower-velocity crust also characteristic of southern Tibet. Using that method along with P-wave receiver function imaging, I describe details of the crustal thickness change from 70 km beneath the Kunlun Mountains to 50 km beneath central Qaidam. In contrast to previous work, I relocate the change in crustal thickness to ~45 km north of the Kunlun Mountains topographic front, in a region of overlapping bright Moho reflectors at ~70 km and ~50 km. The crustal thickness change is unrelated to the strike-slip North Kunlun Fault. I further discuss differences in Vp/Vs across the terranes and calculate the Vp/Vs of the lower crustal material between the deep and shallow Mohos. Crustal velocities and impedance contrasts suggest that instead weak Tibetan lower crust is injected northward beneath stronger Qaidam crust without southward subduction of Eurasian lithosphere. Finally, at the broadest scale, I use ambient noise tomography to map regional differences in crustal Rayleigh wave group velocities across a larger area of north Tibet including the Qiangtang terrane. For periods of 8-24 s (sampling from ~10-35 km depth within the crust), I observe striking velocity changes at the major east-west Bangong-Nujiang and Jinsha suture zones as well as the Kunlun-Qaidam boundary. I see higher velocities beneath the Lhasa terrane, lower velocities beneath the Qiangtang, then higher velocities in the Songpan-Ganzi, and finally low velocities beneath the Qaidam Basin. Mid-to-upper crustal velocities also change laterally within the Songpan-Ganzi terrane, perhaps indicating subterrane boundaries, as hypothesized previously from geologic data. No velocity change is observed at the active North Kunlun Fault for periods 8-12 s, but for periods 18-24 s (~20-35 km depth) the wedge of Songpan-Ganzi crust between the South and North Kunlun Faults appears lower velocity than the surrounding Songpan-Ganzi terrane and Kunlun Mountains. Velocities west of ~93° E appear higher velocity than the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the east. Finally, much of north Tibet (~ 32°-36° N) is underlain by a low velocity zone (LVL) at ~20-30 km depth.

Download or read book Seismic Reflection and Tectonic Studies of the Central Himalayas Southern Tibet written by Michael Lee Hauck and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Time dependent Response of Lithosphere to Earthquakes written by Zeyu Jin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to study time-dependent crustal deformation due to several recent large earthquakes (M > 7) at the margin of Tibetan Plateau and in the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ), in order to have a better understanding of earthquake triggering process, lithospheric rheological and frictional properties during the earthquake cycle. Chapter 1 is an introduction to the tectonic background and the data I used in each following chapter. Chapter 2 studies surface displacements due to the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequences, and investigates stress transfer and possible triggering relationships between pre-mainshock seismicity and the M7.1 mainshock. Because historical studies reveal different lithospheric rheologies across different margins of Tibetan Plateau, chapter 3 focuses on the study of 5-year postseismic deformation following the 2015 M7.2 Sarez (Pamir) earthquake to place the constraint on the viscosity of the lower crust beneath the west margin of Tibet Plateau. Chapters 4 and 5, by contrast, aim at constraining the viscosity of the lower crust beneath the north-east margin of Tibet Plateau. Consistent with previous postseismic studies of Tibetan earthquakes, we did not find any evidence of a low viscosity channel (1016 ∼ 1017 Pa s) beneath Tibetan Plateau margins. Moreover, studies of M > 7 strike-slip earthquakes that occurred in Tibet and California all suggest ∼ 30% of coseismic shallow slip deficit compared to its peak slip occurred in the depth interval of 3-4 km. The deficit is insufficiently accommodated by both interseismic and postseismic slip, which indicates off-fault yielding over multiple earthquake cycles. Chapter 6 proposes an inversion optimization method that aims to use the least number of parameters to fit geodetic observations almost equivalent well. We designed an 1D inverse problem that used synthetic surface data to invert slip distribution beneath the surface. The method we proposed reduces more than 2/3 of unnecessary number of parameters but achieves a good fit required by a certain uncertainty threshold.

Download or read book Handbook of Geomathematics written by Amir Z. Averbuch and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tectonic Evolution Collision and Seismicity of Southwest Asia written by Rasoul Sorkhabi and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southwest Asia is one of the most remarkable regions on Earth in terms of active faulting and folding, large-magnitude earthquakes, volcanic landscapes, petroliferous foreland basins, historical civilizations as well as geologic outcrops that display the protracted and complex 540 m.y. stratigraphic record of Earth's Phanerozoic Era. Emerged from the birth and demise of the Paleo-Tethys and Neo-Tethys oceans, southwest Asia is currently the locus of ongoing tectonic collision between the Eurasia-Arabia continental plates. The region is characterized by the high plateaus of Iran and Anatolia fringed by the lofty ranges of Zagros, Alborz, Caucasus, Taurus, and Pontic mountains; the region also includes the strategic marine domains of the Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, Caspian, and Mediterranean. This 19-chapter volume, published in honor of Manuel Berberian, a preeminent geologist from the region, brings together a wealth of new data, analyses, and frontier research on the geologic evolution, collisional tectonics, active deformation, and historical and modern seismicity of key areas in southwest Asia.

Download or read book Tectonic Evolution of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau written by Andrew Vincent Zuza and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the Tibetan Plateau was constructed and evolved in response to ongoing India-Asia convergence since 65-55 Ma is fundamental in understanding processes of continental tectonics. Furthermore, the kinematics and mechanisms of plateau formation and continental deformation have implications for the complex interactions between tectonics, erosion, and climate change in Earth's most recent history. To provide insights into these processes, my research is focused on the development of the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, which is defined by the 350-km-wide and 1300-km-long Cenozoic Qilian Shan-Nan Shan thrust belt. This active fold and thrust system overprinted a region that has a complex pre-Cenozoic tectonic history involving multiple phases of Proterozoic basement deformation and early Paleozoic orogeny. In this work, I integrate geologic mapping, balanced cross section construction and restoration, seismic reflection interpretation, geochronology, thermobarometry, geodetic data analysis, and analogue modeling to investigate the tectonic development of northern Tibet over a range of timescales, from the Proterozoic evolution of central Asian cratons to the active deformation that is shaping the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The magnitude, style, and distribution of Cenozoic shortening strain across northern Tibet can be used to test competing models of continental deformation. The shortening distribution across the Qilian Shan-Nan Shan thrust belt, derived from surface mapping and subsurface seismic reflection profiles, suggests that the modern thickness and elevation of the northern plateau has developed as a result of southward continental underthrusting of Asia beneath Tibet and distributed crustal thickening. The thrust systems in northern Tibet link to the east with > ~1000-km-long parallel left-slip strike-slip faults (i.e., the Haiyuan, Qinling, and Kunlun faults). The along-strike variation of fault offsets and pervasive off-fault deformation along these strike-slip faults create a strain pattern that departs from the expectations of the classic plate-like rigid-body motion and flow-like distributed deformation models of continental deformation. Instead, I propose that the major strike-slip faults formed as a non-rigid bookshelf-fault system where clockwise rotation of northern Tibet drives left-slip bookshelf faulting and related off-strike-slip fault deformation. In addition, I employ a stress-shadow model that uses the characteristic spacing of strike-slip faults and seismogenic-zone thickness estimates across northern Tibet and central Asia to estimate fault strength and the regional stress state. The strike-slip faults in Asia have a low coefficient of fault friction (~0.15), which may explain why deformation penetrates more than 3500 km into Asia from the Himalayan collisional front, and why the interior of Asia is prone to large (M > 7.0) devastating earthquakes along major strike-slip faults. A well-constrained understanding of Cenozoic deformation across northern Tibet allows for better reconstructions of the Proterozoic and Paleozoic tectonics. Field relationships and geochronologic studies reveal that the early Paleozoic Qilian suture, which bounds the southern margin of the North China craton, records the Ordovician-early Silurian closure of the Qilian Ocean via south-dipping subduction beneath the Qaidam continent. The evolution of this ocean and North China's southern margin has implications for reconstructions of Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic Earth, including the development of the Tethyan and Paleo-Asian Oceanic Domains. By restoring the Phanerozoic deformation along the northern and southern margins of the Tarim and North China cratons, I propose and test a hypothesis that these cratons once stretched westward across present-day Asia, possibly as far west as Baltica, as a continuous Neoproterozoic continent.

Download or read book Lithospheric diversity New perspective on structure composition and evolution written by Weijia Sun and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-18 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Himalayan Tectonics written by P.J. Treloar and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Himalaya–Karakoram–Tibet mountain belt resulted from Cenozoic collision of India and Asia and is frequently used as the type example of a continental collision orogenic belt. The last quarter of a century has seen the publication of a remarkably detailed dataset relevant to the evolution of this belt. Detailed fieldwork backed up by state-of-the-art structural analysis, geochemistry, mineral chemistry, igneous and metamorphic petrology, isotope chemistry, sedimentology and geophysics produced a wide-ranging archive of data-rich scientific papers. The rationale for this book is to provide a coherent overview of these datasets in addressing the evolution of the mountain ranges we see today. This volume comprises 21 specially invited review papers on the Himalaya, Kohistan arc, Tibet, the Karakoram and Pamir ranges. These papers span the history of Himalayan research, chronology of the collision, stratigraphy, magmatic and metamorphic processes, structural geology and tectonics, seismicity, geophysics, and the evolution of the Indian monsoon. This landmark set of papers should underpin the next 25 years of Himalayan research.

Download or read book Crust Mantle Thermal Structure and Tectonothermal Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau written by Xianjie Shen and published by VSP. This book was released on 1996-12 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph deals with systematic studies of all relevant thermal aspects of the Tibetan Plateau, including terrestrial heat flow measures, distribution pattern of observed heat flow along a N-S profile, crust-mantle thermal structure, and North-Middle-South triple heterogeneity across the whole plateau. Main emphasis has been put on the close correlation between thermal and comprehensive geophysical fields and the intrinsic genetic linkage between tectonic deformation of terranes and thereby induced deep-seated and superficial theral activities and responses. This new approach, in combination with available geoscientific research results, has led to a synthetic idea of integrated tectonothermal evolution of the Tibetan Plateau.

Download or read book Ecosystem Dynamics in a Polar Desert written by and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1998 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents information from the primary abiotic forces defining the system, and from the present hydrology, biogeochemistry and physics of major sites of organic carbon production of the McMurdo Dry Valleys. Additionally, research on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the dry valley soils is included. The role of environmental management in long-term ecological studies is also addressed. The accompanying CDROM provides details and scale to visualize the McMurdo Dry Valleys from an ecosystem perspective.

Download or read book Active and Passive Seismic Investigation of Structure of Orogenic Lithosphere in Asia and South America written by Chen Chen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asia and South America possess the two iconic orogenic belts - Himalayas and Andes and two largest and highest plateaus - Tibetan Plateau and Puna Plateau on the earth. Their lithospheres were formed under continental-continental collision and ocean-continent subduction regimes respectively. Seismic images of their current lithospheric structure provide key insights into the current stage in their evolutionary process. Lithospheric structure beneath the Tibetan Plateau has been studied using deep seismic reflection profiling since the beginning of the INDEPTH project in 1992. This international effort led by consortium of Chinese and western academic institutions, continued over 25 years in four different phases. Key features spanned by this megatransect include the Main Himalaya Thrust (MHT) at the southern margin of the plateau, crustal seismic bright spots in the south and central part of the plateau, Moho topography across the plateau and especially an abrupt step in the Moho beneath the northeastern margin of the Plateau beneath the Qaidam Basin. A recent reflection profile by the SINOPROBE Project across the Sichuan Basin located at the southeast edge of the Tibetan Plateau, reveals sub-crustal dipping reflectors which are very likely to result from Neo-Proterozoic subduction beneath the Sichuan Basin. The preservation of these features supports the interpretation that the Sichuan Basin represents at buttress against eastward deformation and crustal thickening of the Tibetan Plateau. Lithospheric structure beneath the Andean orogenic belt is here 1 studied with a novel seismic reflection technique, one which uses earthquakes below 100 km depth as sources to illuminate the overlying lithospheric structure. The application of this technique is based upon exploitation of USArray, a large scale, high density passive seismic array that has been moving across the continental US since 2003. Analysis of 124 earthquakes that occurred between 2003 to 2012 provides a) new estimates of crustal thickness in areas previously imaged by conventional techniques; b) the first estimates of Moho depth in areas inaccessible to conventional geophysical surveys, c) mapped regions with nonreflective Mohos and d) identified prominent crustal seismic reflectors that may mark magma chambers, large scale decollements, or intracrustal phase changes in various parts of the Andean system. Each of these new observations constitute significant new constraints for geodynamic models of the Andean tectonics. 2.

Download or read book Tectonics of the Himalaya written by S. Mukherjee and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Himalayan mountain belt, which developed during the India–Asia collision starting about 55 Ma ago, is a dramatically active orogen and it is regarded as the classic collisional orogen. It is characterized by an impressively continuous 2500 km of tectonic units, thrusts and normal faults, as well as large volumes of high-grade metamorphic rocks and granites exposed at the surface. This constitutes an invaluable field laboratory, where amazing crustal sections can be observed directly in very deep gorges. It is possible to unravel the tectonic and metamorphic evolution of litho-units, to observe the mechanisms of exhumation of deep-seated rocks and the propagation of the deformation. Himalayan tectonics has been the target of many studies from numerous international researchers over the years. In the last 15 years there has been an explosion of data and theories from both geological and geophysical perspectives. This book presents the results of integrated multidisciplinary studies, including geology, petrology, magmatism, geochemistry, geochronology and geophysics, of the structures and processes affecting the continental lithosphere. These processes and their spatial and temporal evolution have major consequences on the geometry and kinematics of the India–Eurasia collision zone.