Download or read book Secondary Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using the UASB solids Contact Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic pretreatment and aerobic post-treatment of municipal wastewater is being used more frequently. Recent investigations in this field using an AFBR/aeration chamber combination demonstrated the technical feasibility of this process. The investigation presented herein describes the use of a combined UASB/aeration chamber system for the treatment of municipal wastewater and attempts to demonstrate the technical feasibility of using the UASB process as both a pretreatment unit and a waste activated sludge digestion system. The results indicate that the UASB reactor has a TSS removal efficiency of about 37%. Of the solids removed by the unit, 33% were degraded by the action of microorganisms, and 4.6% were accumulated in the reactor. The results also show that accumulation of solids in the UASB reactor took place in the upper zone of the sludge bed.

Download or read book Anaerobic Municipal Wastewater Treatment Comparison and Assessment of Different Design Approaches for UASB Reactors written by Felipe Teixeira de Carvalho and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: It is well known that freshwater is finite and an indispensable resource for any living organism on Earth. Inappropriately, during the last decades, anthropogenic activities expansion, in parallel with population growth, has been the main cause of the deterioration of water quality. According to UNESCO the world s population is growing nearby 80 million people each year, which suggests an increasing of freshwater demand of about 64 billion m3 a year. Likewise, the demographic estimations indicate that 90% of the 3 billion people, who are expected to be added to the world population in 2050, will be living in developing countries, mainly in regions that are already by this time in water stress. However, in order to relate the increasing demand for water, not only the demographic aspect should be taken into account but also economic and social aspects must be considered. The economic expansion affects water since there is an increase in the number of consumers as well as modifications in their consumption habits, in a way that services are offered, goods are produced and transported. The social aspect points out to individual rather than collective actions mainly considering poverty, education, culture, lifestyle and consumption patterns. Obviously the demand and the importance for satisfactory sanitation conditions become indispensable. The World Health Organization (WHO) and The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) report that 2.5 billion people still have a lack of access to improved sanitation, including 1.2 billion people who have no facilities at all. While in developed areas the sanitation coverage achieves 99%, in developing regions this number is around 53%. Furthermore, in Latin America and the Caribbean the coverage sanitation is approximately 79%. In Brazil, target area of this study, only 55.2% of the municipalities are covered by a sewage collection system. In this manner, coverage sanitation does not mean necessarily that the wastewater is treated. Hence, the wastewater must be followed by a treatment system (removal of physical, chemical and biological compounds) in order to achieve pollution mitigation targets for the environmental quality and human health and welfare. According to UNESCO more than 80% of the domestic wastewater in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and coastal areas. Therefore, a large number of technologies have been developed with the intention [...]

Download or read book Fundamentals of Wastewater Treatment and Engineering written by Rumana Riffat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd edition of Fundamentals of Wastewater Treatment and Design introduces readers to the fundamental concepts of wastewater treatment, followed by engineering design of unit processes for sustainable treatment of municipal wastewater and resource recovery. It has been completely updated with new chapters to reflect current advances in design, resource recovery practices and research. Another highlight is the addition of the last chapter, which provides a culminating design experience of both urban and rural wastewater treatment systems. Filling the need for a textbook focused on wastewater, it covers history, current practices, emerging concerns, future directions and pertinent regulations that have shaped the objectives of this important area of engineering. Basic principles of reaction kinetics, reactor design and environmental microbiology are introduced along with natural purification processes. It also details the design of unit processes for primary, secondary and advanced treatment, as well as solids processing and removal. Recovery of water, energy and nutrients are explained with the help of process concepts and design applications. This textbook is designed for undergraduate and graduate students who have some knowledge of environmental chemistry and fluid mechanics. Professionals in the wastewater industry will also find this a handy reference.

Download or read book Anaerobic Reactors written by Carlos Augustos de Lemos Chernicharo and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic Reactors is the forth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The fundamentals of anaerobic treatment are presented in detail, including its applicability, microbiology, biochemistry and main reactor configurations. Two reactor types are analysed in more detail, namely anaerobic filters and especially UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors. Particular attention is also devoted to the post-treatment of the effluents from the anaerobic reactors. The book presents in a clear and informative way the main concepts, working principles, expected removal efficiencies, design criteria, design examples, construction aspects and operational guidelines for anaerobic reactors. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors; Volume 6: Sludge Treatment and Disposal

Download or read book Integrated Environmental Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Sustainable Development written by Vineet Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-04-13 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Environmental Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Sustainable Development provides comprehensive and advanced information on integrated environmental technologies and their limitations, challenges and potential applications in treatment of environmental pollutants and those that are discharged in wastewater from industrial, domestic and municipal sources. The book covers applied and recently developed integrated technologies to solve five major trends in the field of wastewater treatment, including nutrient removal and resource recovery, recalcitrant organic and inorganic compounds detoxification, energy saving, and biofuel and bioenergy production for environmental sustainability. The book provides future directions to young researchers, scientists and professionals who are working in the field of bioremediation and phytoremediation to remediate wastewater pollutants at laboratory and field scale, for sustainable development. - Illustrates the importance of various advanced oxidation processes in effluent treatment plants - Describes underlying mechanisms of constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell technologies for the degradation and detoxification of emerging organic and inorganic contaminants discharged in wastewater - Highlights the reuse and recycling of wastewater and recovery of value-added resources from wastewater - Focuses on recent advances and challenges in integrated environmental technologies, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell, microbial electrochemical-constructed wetlands, biofilm reactor-constructed wetland, and anammox- microbial fuel cell technology for sustainable development - Illustrates the importance of microbes and plants in bio/phytoremediation and wastewater treatment

Download or read book Anaerobic Sewage Treatment written by Jeroen van der Lubbe and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic Sewage Treatment: Optimization of Process and Physical Design of Anaerobic and Complementary Processes focuses on process design and deals with start-up procedures and steady state performance of UASB reactors, as well as the influence of operation on reactor performance.

Download or read book Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants written by Krist V. Gernaey and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater treatment plants are large non-linear systems subject to large perturbations in wastewater flow rate, load and composition. Nevertheless these plants have to be operated continuously, meeting stricter and stricter regulations. Many control strategies have been proposed in the literature for improved and more efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants. Unfortunately, their evaluation and comparison – either practical or based on simulation – is difficult. This is partly due to the variability of the influent, to the complexity of the biological and biochemical phenomena and to the large range of time constants (from a few minutes to several days). The lack of standard evaluation criteria is also a tremendous disadvantage. To really enhance the acceptance of innovative control strategies, such an evaluation needs to be based on a rigorous methodology including a simulation model, plant layout, controllers, sensors, performance criteria and test procedures, i.e. a complete benchmarking protocol. This book is a Scientific and Technical Report produced by the IWA Task Group on Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants. The goal of the Task Group includes developing models and simulation tools that encompass the most typical unit processes within a wastewater treatment system (primary treatment, activated sludge, sludge treatment, etc.), as well as tools that will enable the evaluation of long-term control strategies and monitoring tasks (i.e. automatic detection of sensor and process faults). Work on these extensions has been carried out by the Task Group during the past five years, and the main results are summarized in Benchmarking of Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment Plants. Besides a description of the final version of the already well-known Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1), the book includes the Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 Long-Term (BSM1_LT) – with focus on benchmarking of process monitoring tasks – and the plant-wide Benchmark Simulation Model no. 2 (BSM2). Authors: Krist V. Gernaey, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, Ulf Jeppsson, Lund University, Sweden, Peter A. Vanrolleghem, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada and John B. Copp, Primodal Inc., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Download or read book Post Treatments of Anaerobically Treated Effluents written by Vinay Kumar Tyagi and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anaerobic process is considered to be a sustainable technology for organic waste treatment mainly due to its lower energy consumption and production of residual solids coupled with the prospect of energy recovery from the biogas generated. However, the anaerobic process cannot be seen as providing the ‘complete’ solution as its treated effluents would typically not meet the desired discharge limits in terms of residual carbon, nutrients and pathogens. This has given impetus to subsequent post treatment in order to meet the environmental legislations and protect the receiving water bodies and environment. This book discusses anaerobic treatment from the perspective of organic wastes and wastewaters (municipal and industrial) followed by various post-treatment options for anaerobic effluent polishing and resource recovery. Coverage will also be from the perspective of future trends and thoughts on anaerobic technologies being able to support meeting the increasingly stringent disposal standards. The resource recovery angle is particularly interesting as this can arguably help achieve the circular economy. It is intended the information can be used to identify appropriate solutions for anaerobic effluent treatment and possible alternative approaches to the commonly applied post-treatment techniques. The succeeding discussion is intended to lead on to identification of opportunities for further research and development. This book can be used as a standard reference book and textbook in universities for Master and Doctoral students. The academic community relevant to the subject, namely faculty, researchers, scientists, and practicing engineers, will find the book both informative and as a useful source of successful case studies.

Download or read book Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors written by Marcos Von Sperling and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors is the fifth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The first part of the book is devoted to the activated sludge process, covering the removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus.A detailed analysis of the biological reactor (aeration tank) and the final sedimentation tanks is provided. The second part of the book covers aerobic biofilm reactors, especially trickling filters, rotating biological contractors and submerged aerated biofilters. For all the systems, the book presents in a clear and informative way the main concepts, working principles, expected removal efficiencies, design criteria, design examples, construction aspects and operational guidelines. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 6: Sludge Treatment and Disposal

Download or read book Sludge Treatment and Disposal written by Cleverson Vitorio Andreoli and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sludge Treatment and Disposal is the sixth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The book covers in a clear and informative way the sludge characteristics, production, treatment (thickening, dewatering, stabilisation, pathogens removal) and disposal (land application for agricultural purposes, sanitary landfills, landfarming and other methods). Environmental and public health issues are also fully described. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors

Download or read book Uncertainty in Wastewater Treatment Design and Operation written by Evangelia Belia and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific and Technical Report No. 21 Uncertainty in Wastewater Treatment Design and Operation aims to facilitate the transition of the wastewater profession to the probabilistic use of simulators with the associated benefits of being better able to take advantage of opportunities and manage risk. There is a paradigm shift taking place in the design and operation of treatment plants in the water industry. The market is currently in transition to use modelling and simulation while still using conventional heuristic guidelines (safety factors). Key reasons for transition include: wastewater treatment simulation software advancements; stricter effluent requirements that cannot be designed for using traditional approaches, and increased pressure for more efficient designs (including energy efficiency, green house gas emission control). There is increasing consensus among wastewater professionals that the performance of plants and the predictive power of their models (degree of uncertainty) is a critical component of plant design and operation. However, models and simulators used by designers and operators do not incorporate methods for the evaluation of uncertainty associated with each design. Thus, engineers often combine safety factors with simulation results in an arbitrary way based on designer ‘experience’. Furthermore, there is not an accepted methodology (outside modelling) that translates uncertainty to assumed opportunity or risk and how it is distributed among consultants/contractors and owners. Uncertainty in Wastewater Treatment Design and Operation documents how uncertainty, opportunity and risk are currently handled in the wastewater treatment practice by consultants, utilities and regulators. The book provides a useful set of terms and definitions relating to uncertainty and promotes an understanding of the issues and terms involved. It identifies the sources of uncertainty in different project phases and presents a critical review of the available methods. Real-world examples are selected to illustrate where and when sources of uncertainty are introduced and how models are implemented and used in design projects and in operational optimisation. Uncertainty in Wastewater Treatment Design and Operation defines the developments required to provide improved procedures and tools to implement uncertainty and risk evaluations in projects. It is a vital reference for utilities, regulators, consultants, and trained management dealing with certainty, opportunity and risk in wastewater treatment.

Download or read book Sustainable Treatment and Reuse of Municipal Wastewater written by Menahem Libhaber and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many countries, especially in developing countries, many people are lacking access to water and sanitation services and this inadequate service is the main cause of diseases in these countries. Application of appropriate wastewater treatment technologies, which are effective, low cost (in investment and especially in operation and maintenance), simple to operate, proven technologies, is a key component in any strategy aimed at increasing the coverage of wastewater treatment. Sustainable Treatment and Reuse of Municipal Wastewater presents the concepts of appropriate technology for wastewater treatment and the issues of strategy and policy for increasing wastewater treatment coverage. The book focuses on the resolution of wastewater treatment and disposal problems in developing countries, however the concepts presented are valid and applicable anywhere and plants based on combined unit processes of appropriate technology can also be used in developed countries and provide to them the benefits described. Sustainable Treatment and Reuse of Municipal Wastewater presents the basic engineering design procedures to obtain high quality effluents by treatment plants based on simple, low cost and easy to operate processes. The main message of the book is the idea of the ability to combine unit processes to create a treatment plant based on a series of appropriate technology processes which jointly can generate any required effluent quality. A plant based on a combination of appropriate technology unit processes is still easy to operate and is usually of lower costs than conventional processes in terms of investment and certainly in operation and maintenance. Chapters in the book are organized in a practical and accessible way to: Demonstrate selected unit process of appropriate technology and provide the scientific basis, the equations and the parameters required to design the unit processes, with some innovations developed by the authors. Highlight design procedures for selected combined processes which are in use in developing countries. Propose an innovative Orderly Design Method (ODM), which is easy to follow by practicing engineers, using the equations and formulas developed, once the fundamentals of each unit and combined process have been established. Provide a numeric example for the basic design of each selected appropriate technology process for a city with a population of 20,000 using the ODM and an Excel program which will be provided to the readers for download from an online web page. This book is a valuable and practical resource for all wastewater treatment engineers in field and the operational managers of waste treatment facilities. Authors: Menahem Libhaber, PhD, Consulting Engineer to the World Bank and other institutions, Alvaro Orozco Jaramillo, MSc, Consulting Engineer to the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, Biwater and other institutions in various countries.

Download or read book A B processes Towards Energy Self sufficient Municipal Wastewater Treatment written by Yu Liu and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) for municipal wastewater treatment is primarily based on biological oxidation by which organic matters are converted to biomass and carbon dioxide. After more than 100 years’ successful application, the CAS process is receiving increasing critiques on its high energy consumption and excessive sludge generation. Currently, almost all municipal wastewater treatment plants with the CAS as a core process are being operated in an energy-negative fashion. To tackle such challenging situations, there is a need to re-examine the present wastewater treatment philosophy by developing and adopting novel process configurations and emerging technologies. The solutions going forward should rely on the ways to improve direct energy recovery from wastewater, while minimizing in-plant energy consumption. This book begins with a critical overview of the energy situation and challenges in current municipal wastewater treatment plants, showing the necessity of the paradigm shift from removal to recovery in terms of energy and resource. As such, the concept of A-B process is discussed in detail in the book. It appears that various A-B process configurations are able to provide possible engineering solutions in which A-stage is primarily designed for COD capture with the aim for direct anaerobic treatment without producing excessive biosludge, while B-stage is designated for nitrogen removal. Making the wastewater treatment energy self-sustainable is obviously of global significance and eventually may become a game changer for the global market of the municipal wastewater reclamation technology. The principal audiences include practitioners, professionals, university researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested and specialized in municipal wastewater treatment and process design, environmental engineering, and environmental biotechnology.

Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment written by Mogens Henze and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 1881 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.

Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment in Warm Climate Regions written by Marcos Von Sperling and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 2005-09-30 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book presents in a clear and informative way the basic principles of biological wastewater treatment, including theory and practice, and covering conception, design and operation. In order to ensure the practical and didactic view of the book, 371 illustrations, 322 summary tables and 117 examples are included. All major wastewater treatment processes are covered by full and interlinked design examples which are built up throughout the book, from the determination of wastewater characteristics, the impact of discharge into rivers and lakes, the design of several wastewater treatment processes and the design of sludge treatment and disposal units.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Resource Management for Pollution and Waste Treatment written by Affam, Augustine Chioma and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is necessary to understand the extent of pollution in the environment in terms of the air, water, and soil in order for both humans and animals to live healthier lives. Poor waste treatment or pollution monitoring can lead to massive environmental issues, such as diminishing valuable resources, and cause a significant negative impact on society. Solutions, such as reuse of waste and sustainable waste management, must be explored to prevent these adverse effects. The Handbook of Research on Resource Management for Pollution and Waste Treatment is a collection of innovative research that examines waste and pollution treatment methods that can be adopted at local and international levels and examines appropriate resource management strategies for environmentally related issues. Featuring coverage on a wide range of topics such as soil washing, bioremediation, and runoff handling, this book is ideally designed for environmentalists, engineers, waste management professionals, natural resource regulators, environmental policymakers, scientists, academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on viable resource management methods for the regeneration of their immediate environment.

Download or read book Anaerobic Reactors for Sewage Treatment Design construction and operation written by Carlos Augusto de Lemos Chernicharo and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic sewage treatment using UASB reactors has significantly expanded in the last few decades and is now a consolidated technology in some warm climate regions. Several advantages of the anaerobic process make it a more sustainable option for sewage treatment. However, there are still important constraints related to design, construction, and operation of UASB reactors. Conversely, there is enough knowledge, experience, and proven technology that can be used to effectively tackle all the related drawbacks. This book delivers the most relevant techno-scientific developments from academia and water authorities, comprehensively addressing the main aspects of interest in design, construction, and operation of UASB reactors for sewage treatment. Special attention is given to the proper and integrated management of sludge, scum, gaseous emissions, energy recovery, and effluent quality. The main purpose is to provide information and share experiences not yet compiled in the specialized literature on anaerobic sewage treatment. Therefore, a sequence of 12 well-interconnected chapters consolidates the practical knowledge and experiences that important research groups and recognized professionals worldwide have acquired over the past 20 years in demo- and full-scale anaerobic-based sewage treatment plants. Anaerobic Reactors for Sewage Treatment: Design, Construction and Operation can significantly contribute towards a responsible expansion of the anaerobic technology in the world. The book is a valuable tool for engineers, constructors, operators, wastewater utility managers, as well as for students interested in anaerobic processes for sewage treatment.