Download or read book Searching for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos in Water written by Ariana Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 2 written by Matthew Joseph Mottram and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The winner of UCL's annual HEP thesis prize, this work describes an analysis of the data from the second flight of the Antarctica Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA). ANITA is a balloon-borne experiment that searches for radio signals originating from ultra-high energy neutrinos and cosmic rays interacting with the Antarctic ice or air. The search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin is one of the outstanding experimental challenges of the 21st century. The ANITA experiment was designed to be the most sensitive instrument to ultra-high energy neutrinos that originate from the interactions of cosmic rays with the cosmic microwave background. The methodology and results of the neutrino and cosmic ray searches are presented in the thesis.

Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos in Highly Inclined Events at the Pierre Auger Observatory written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is sensitive to neutrinos of all flavors above 0.1 EeV. These interact through charged and neutral currents in the atmosphere giving rise to extensive air showers. When interacting deeply in the atmosphere at nearly horizontal incidence, neutrinos can be distinguished from regular hadronic cosmic rays by the broad time structure of their shower signals in the water-Cherenkov detectors. In this paper we present for the first time an analysis based on down-going neutrinos. We describe the search procedure, the possible sources of background, the method to compute the exposure and the associated systematic uncertainties. No candidate neutrinos have been found in data collected from 1 January 2004 to 31 May 2010. Assuming an E-2 differential energy spectrum the limit on the single-flavor neutrino is E2dN/dE 1.74 x 10sup-7/sup GeV cmsup-2/supssup-1/supsrsup-1/sup at 90% C.L. in the energy range 1 x 10sup17/supeV E

Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with Anita 2 written by Springer and published by . This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with the Askaryan Radio Array written by Ming-Yuan Lu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrinos act as unique messengers that bear exclusive information to help us understand the ultra-high energy universe of cosmic rays. The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is a neutrino telescope array under phased deployment near the South Pole aiming to discover and determine the ultra-high energy neutrino flux via detection of the Askaryan signal from neutrino-induced charged-particle showers in the Antarctic ice. This novel detection channel makes ARA the most cost-effective neutrino observatory in probing the neutrino flux from 100 PeV to 10 EeV. This thesis focuses on the data analysis of two ARA stations from 2013 to 2016 with a goal of searching for a diffuse neutrino flux. Event selection criteria reject low-quality data and thermal background. An interferometric technique taking into account the curved paths traveled by electromagnetic radiation in inhomogeneous ice is used for event reconstruction and signal-background differentiation. No neutrino candidate is observed in the end. As a result, the analysis places a 90 percent CL upper limit on the diffuse neutrino flux, which represents the best-reported limit from radio neutrino detectors at the energy of 1 EeV. The prospects of future analyses utilizing four times the presented data, as well as the design implication for upcoming radio neutrino detectors, are discussed towards the end.

Download or read book A Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos from Extra galactic Sources written by Kendall Brianna McConnel and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterizing the Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with the ARIANNA Detector written by Kamlesh Dookayka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Antarctic Ross Ice-shelf ANtenna Neutrino Array (ARIANNA) experiment exploits unique properties of the Ross Ice Shelf, namely its radio transparency and reflectivity at the ice-water boundary beneath the shelf, to search for ultra-high energy neutrinos. It consists of an array of detectors embedded just beneath the surface with antennas facing down to listen to characteristic radio Cherenkov pulses generated by neutrino interactions in the ice. A simulation tool has been developed and used for optimization studies and to evaluate ARIANNA's energy-dependent aperture (effective volume & times steradians). This metric can be used to estimate the expected number of neutrinos detected from a given model prediction. The software and its physics, as well as the enhancements and additions to the original version, are described. We have included an improved treatment of the firn layer with an updated parametrization (based on latest measurements) of its graded index which impact signal path and polarization. Tau-neutrino interactions now take into account regeneration from their passage through Earth, and an approximation of the 'double-bang' effect. The antenna response is more accurately represented by averaging the relative gain in both E and H-planes. Studies show that ARIANNA can detect ~ 35 events/year from the GZK mechanism using the ESS model prediction. The high sensitivity results from nearly six months or more of continuous yearly operation, low energy threshold (> 3 x 1017 eV), large volume (513 km3), and a view of slightly more than half the sky (declination +30° to -90°). The rates of background events are consistent with thermal noise fluctuations. A new reconstruction framework has been devised for the energy and direction of a detected neutrino using measured parameters from a single station, such as relative time differences between antenna and signal amplitudes. Using simulated data, the energy and angular resolutions with a single station is calculated as delta E/ E ~ 2.2, sigma (theta) ~ 2.9°, sigma (phi) ~ 2.5° respectively. In addition to ARIANNA's potential for diffuse flux studies, these capabilities bode well for future UHE neutrino point source studies.

Download or read book Searching for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with Data from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array written by Eugene S. Hong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observed GZK cutoff in the cosmic ray spectrum has led to a strongly motivated expectation of an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino flux arising from the interactions between the highest energy cosmic rays and cosmic microwave background photons. Aside from these diffuse neutrinos, UHE neutrinos are also expected to be produced in the same astrophysics sources producing the UHE cosmic rays such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) and AGNs. Here, we discuss two UHE neutrino searches using data from the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) prototype Testbed station: one search for a diffuse neutrino flux and another for neutrinos from GRBs. Testbed data from 2011 to 2012 are used for the searches in the thesis. We discuss how we define the analysis cuts, optimize the analysis cut parameters for maximum sensitivity to UHE neutrinos, estimate the number of background and neutrino events, and set neutrino flux constraints in the UHE region (>10^17eV). We use an optimistic flux model from Kotera et. al. 2010 as our baseline model and optimize our analysis cuts for this model. The GRB neutrino search follows the same analysis technique as the diffuse neutrino flux search with some modifications. A timing constraint for each GRB reduces the estimated background dramatically and therefore we can loosen some of our analysis cuts for the GRB neutrino search. We also present detailed descriptions about tools that are used for the searches such as AraSim, a Monte-Carlo simulation that we developed, and RaySolver, a code to carry out ray tracing in ice with a depth-dependent index of refraction model. We present constraints on the neutrino flux from the ARA Testbed for diffuse neutrinos and GRB neutrinos separately. These neutrino flux constraints and analysis techniques from the Testbed will provide a benchmark for the future deep ARA stations' analyses which are expected to improve neutrino flux constraints by a factor of three or more due to differences in the design of the stations.

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access

Download or read book Search for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos with AMANDA II written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A search for diffuse neutrinos with energies in excess of 105 GeV is conducted with AMANDA-II data recorded between 2000 and 2002. Above 107 GeV, the Earth is essentially opaque to neutrinos. This fact, combined with the limited overburden of the AMANDA-II detector (roughly 1.5 km), concentrates these ultra high-energy neutrinos at the horizon. The primary background for this analysis is bundles of downgoing, high-energy muons from the interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere. No statistically significant excess above the expected background is seen in the data, and an upper limit is set on the diffuse all-flavor neutrino flux of E2 [Phi]{sub 90%CL}

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 3 written by Ben Strutt and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos and Cosmic Rays with ANITA 3 written by B. A. F. Strutt and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Acoustic Detection of Ultra high Energy Neutrinos written by Naoko Kurahashi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the origin and evolution of cosmic accelerators by measuring ultra-high energy cosmic rays is one of the main goals of astroparticle physics. UHE neutrinos are thought to be better indicators of cosmic accelerators since they travel from their source undeflected by magnetic fields and unimpeded by interactions with the cosmic microwave background. Both cosmic rays and neutrinos have extremely low fluxes at these energies, which makes measurements difficult. Neutrino measurements have the added challenge of a longer interaction length that makes the atmosphere not suitable as a target. Here, we present the Study of Acoustic Ultra-high energy Neutrino Detection (SAUND) which uses an underwater acoustic sensor array spanning 1500 cubic kilometers to search for UHE neutrinos interacting in the ocean. A description of the data acquisition system, results of the background noise study, and an analysis based on an integrated 130 days of data are presented here. Two events are found to have properties compatible with UHE-neutrino-induced particle showers. Since our understanding of transient backgrounds is limited, a flux upper limit is set providing the most sensitive limit to date on UHE neutrinos using the acoustic technique.

Download or read book Searching for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with 2nd Flight of Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna written by 尚若宇 and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Searching for Solar Neutrinos and Building an Open source Future for Neutrino Astronomy written by Jeffrey Phillip Lazar and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite its immense success, the Standard Model of particle physics is unable to provide an explanation of the nature of dark matter and the origin of neutrino masses. A desire to jointly explain these two mysteries motivates careful studies of neutrino properties. The goal of this thesis is to explore possible connections of neutrinos to beyond Standard Model physics. In particular, we will focus on searches for high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and develop new tools that undergird these searches. First, we perform an analysis looking for an excess of neutrinos from the direction of the Sun using data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Such an excess would be a signature of dark matter captured by scattering on solar nuclei and annihilating to Standard Model particles. In addition, we will describe using this same analysis framework to search for the predicted, but yet-unobserved flux of solar atmospheric neutrinos created when cosmic rays interact and produce meson in the thin solar atmosphere. To perform these analysis, we develop the [chi]aro[nu] package, which simulates the neutrino yields from dark matter annihilation and decay. Next, we will turn our attention to flavor physics, and discuss how new physics may manifest in the ratio of neutrino flavors at Earth. In particular, we will discuss the importance of tau neutrino identification in understanding the flavor triangle.Then we will introduce the TauRunner package which simulates the passage of the highest energy neutrinos through arbitrary media, including previously neglected effects. This new simulation framework will then be applied to simulating ultra-high-mass dark matter in the solar core, in an attempt to evade the solar opacity limit. Finally, we will describe the simulation framework that has been developed for the Tau Air-Shower Mountain-Based Observatory. This proposed, next-generation detector in the Colca Valley of Peru could provide a tau-pure flux of neutrinos in the 1~PeV--100~PeV energy range. Finally, we will describe the Prometheus simulation package, an open-source framework for simulating neutrino telescopes with arbitrary geometries in water and ice. For the first time, this allows for a consistent simulation framework between the global network of neutrino telescopes that is currently being constructed. Furthermore, this allows for the rapid prototyping of new reconstruction and data storage techniques with easy, cross-detector application. We provide two examples of such techniques: a machine-learning-based reconstruction capable of running faster than the trigger rate of neutrino telescopes; and a demonstration of efficiently storing event-level data from neutrino telescopes in quantum memory.

Download or read book Searching for High Energy Neutrinos with AMANDA II Detector written by Jodi Ann Cooley-Sekula and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Search for Ultra high Energy Neutrinos with AMANDA II written by Christin Wiedemann and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: