Download or read book Science Advice to NASA written by Joseph K. Alexander and published by National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Communications NASA History Division. This book was released on 2017 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents highlights of NASA's interactions with outside scientific advisors over the agency's full lifetime and draws lessons from that history for research managers, decision makers, and scientists.The book is divided into three parts--the first two being focused on history and the third on synthesis and analysis. Part 1 briefly examines early forerunner activities at NACA and in the decade leading up to NASA's formation, and it then considers NASA's use of outside advice during its first three decades. Part 2 picks up the story in 1988 and follows it up to 2016. Part 3 examines a sampling of case studies, discusses recurring characteristics of notably successful advisory activities, and provides a glimpse at what past experience might imply for the future of scientific advice at NASA. The last two chapters provide big-picture summaries of themes that have emerged from earlier discussions.
Download or read book Presidential Science Advisors written by Roger Pielke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past 50 years a select group of scientists has provided advice to the US President, mostly out of the public eye, on issues ranging from the deployment of weapons to the launching of rockets to the moon to the use of stem cells to cure disease. The role of the presidential science adviser came under increasing scrutiny during the administration of George W. Bush, which was highly criticized by many for its use (and some say, misuse) of science. This edited volume includes, for the first time, the reflections of the presidential science advisers from Donald Hornig who served under Lyndon B. Johnson, to John Marburger, the previous science advisor, on their roles within both government and the scientific community. It provides an intimate glimpse into the inner workings of the White House, as well as the political realities of providing advice on scientific matters to the presidential of the United States. The reflections of the advisers are supplemented with critical analysis of the role of the science adviser by several well-recognized science policy practitioners and experts. This volume will be of interest to science policy and presidential history scholars and students.
Download or read book The Advisers written by Bruce Smith and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's governing system is unique in the extent to which scientists and other outside experts participate in the policy process. This wide-ranging study traces the rise of scientists in the policy process and shows how outside experts interrelate with politicians and administrators to produce a unique and dynamic policy process. It also shows how the very openness of American government creates the potential for unusual conflicts of interest. Bruce L. R. Smith focuses on the experiences of agency and presidential-level advisory systems over the past several decades. He chronicles the special complexities and challenges resulting from the Federal Advisory Committee Act-the "open meeting" law-to provide a better understanding of the role of advisory committees and offers valuable lessons to guide their future use. He looks at science advice in the Departments of Defense, State, and Energy; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; the Environmental Protection Agency; and then examines how science advisory mechanisms have worked at the White House. Rather than simply providing a description of structures and institutions, Smith shows the advisory systems in action—how advisory systems work or fail to work in practice. He analyzes how the advisers influence the policymaking process and affect the life of the agencies they serve. Smith concludes with an assessment of the relationship between science advice and American democracy. He explains that the widespread use of outside advisers clearly reflects America's preference for pluralism. By scrutinizing agency plans, goals, and operations, advisers and advisory committees serve a variety of functions and attempt to strike a balance between openness and citizen access to government and the need for discipline and sophisticated expertise in policymaking. At the root of the advisory process is a paradox: scientists are called on because of their special expertise, but they are useful onl
Download or read book The Scientific Advisory System written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Science and Technology Committee and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report looks at the way the Government uses scientific advice to inform its decision making, how it establishes the quality of its advice and whether the advisory structure works well. It examined four case studies: genetically modified foods, mobile phones and health, diabetes and driving licences and climate change. It concluded that not all is well with the system. The Government does not always seek advice when it needs it, nor ask the right questions. It is not always effective in assessing the advice when it gets it and does not always apply the advice in policy making. Reform is needed if public confidence is to be restored.
Download or read book The Future of scientific advice to the United Nations written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science Advisory System written by Great Britain. Parliament House of Commons. Science and Technology Committee and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Scientific Advisory Committees Relate to Other Parts of the Advice System written by Save British Science Society and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science Government and Information written by United States. President's Science Advisory Committee and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific Advisory System written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on Science and Technology and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the fourth case study into the Scientific Advisory System. It is concerned with the way government receives advice and how it deals with scientific uncertainty. it found that climate change is an area where scientific advice was well integrated into policy making. Through close links between the DETR and the Hadley Centre and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Government is well informed of the latest and most authoritative scientific opinion from around the world. The Committee believe that the IPCC model could be usefully adopted for other policy areas of global significance such as genetically modified organisms or ocean pollution.
Download or read book Principles and Practices for Using Scientific Advice in Government Decision Making written by William Smith and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report characterizes the international responses to the changing demands on the science policy process. Chapter 1 discusses the role of science advice in government decision making with regard to such issues as the science/policy interface, the decision-making environment, internal procedures & outside advice, quality control, risk assessment, science communications, and science in a social context. Chapters 2 & 3 review the key elements of different systems of science advising, best practices, and approaches to risk assessment & public communications in the European Union, New Zealand, the Nordic Union, the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, the World Bank, and national science academies. Chapter 4 contains case studies that examine the effective use of different principles for the incorporation of science into decision making. The final chapter reviews the main points & lessons learned.
Download or read book A Bias Radar for Responsible Policy Making written by Lieve Van Woensel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-26 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers prepare society for the future and this book provides a practical toolkit for preparing pro-active, future-proof scientific policy advice for them. It explains how to make scientific advisory strategies holistic. It also explains how and where biases, which interfere with the proper functioning of the entire science-policy ecosystem, arise and investigates how emotions and other biases affect the understanding and assessment of scientific evidence. The book advocates explorative foresight, systems thinking, interdisciplinarity, bias awareness and the anticipation of undesirable impacts in policy advising, and it offers practical guidance for them. Written in an accessible style, the book offers provocative reflections on how scientific policy advice should be sensitive to more than scientific evidence. It is both an appealing introductory text for everyone interested in science-based policy and a valuable guide for the experienced scientific adviser and policy scholar. "This book is a valuable read for all stakeholders in the scientific advisory ecosystem. Lieve Van Woensel offers concrete methods to bridge the gap between scientific advice and policy making, to assess the possible societal impacts of complex scientific and technological developments, and to support decision-makers’ more strategic understanding of the issues they have to make decisions about. I was privileged to see them proove their value as I worked with Lieve on the pilot project of the Scientific Foresight unit for The European Parliament’s STOA panel.” - Kristel Van der Elst, CEO, The Global Foresight Group; Executive Head, Policy Horizons Canada “A must-read for not only scientific policy advisers, but also those interested in the ethics of scientific advisory processes. Lieve Van Woensel walks readers through a well-structured practical toolkit that bases policy advice on more than scientific evidence by taking into account policies’ potential effects on society and the environment.” - Dr Paul Rübig, Former Member of the European Parliament and former Chair of the Panel for the Future of Science and Technology
Download or read book Science and Technology Select Committee Scientific Advisory System Scientific Advice on Climate Change Minutes of Evidence 15 March 2000 written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science on Stage written by Stephen Hilgartner and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behind today's headlines stands an unobtrusive army of science advisors—panels of scientific, medical, and engineering experts evaluate the safety of the food we eat, the drugs we take, and the cars we drive. This book studies, theoretically and empirically, the social process through which the credibility of expert advice is produced, challenged, and sustained.
Download or read book Strengthening American Science written by United States President of the United States and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science Advisory Mechanism written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SAM aims to match the Commission's short, medium and long term demands for independent scientific evidence and advice by drawing upon the best available expertise across Europe and across disciplines. At its core, a group of seven high level independent scientific advisors, covering a broad scope of expertise, link the Commission with the leading voices of the scientific community. Taking into account the diversity of approaches across Member States, SAM features a structured approach to capture the wealth of multidisciplinary expertise of the European academies and other scientific bodies. This mechanism complements the extensive and diverse advisory system which underpins EU policies, of which the Joint Research Centre and a number of specialised European Agencies are key players.
Download or read book The Scientific Advisory System written by Royal Society (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Sputnik s Shadow written by Zuoyue Wang and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Sputnik's Shadow traces the rise and fall of the President's Science Advisory Committee from its ascendance under Eisenhower to its demise during the Nixon years. Zuoyue Wang examines key turning points during the twentieth century, including the beginning of the Cold War, the debates over nuclear weapons, the Sputnik crisis in 1957, the struggle over the Vietnam War, and the eventual end of the Cold War, showing how the involvement of scientists in executive policymaking evolved over time and brings new insights to the intellectual, social, and cultural histories of the era.
