Download or read book Satellite Measurements of Marine Aerosols written by M. Griggs and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to measure atmospheric aerosols over ocean surfaces has been demonstrated using several different satellite sensors. Landat data originally showed that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness. Analysis of NOAA-6 AVHRR data obtained at several different locations, in coincidence with ground truth measurements, show that the Channel 1 (0.65 micron) radiances can be used to determine the aerosol optical thickness. The good agreement between the results at different locations suggests that the technique could be used in an operational system. A technique using channel 1 and Channel 2 (0.86 micron) radiances to determine the aerosol size distribution is discussed, and, in spite of uncertainties in the satellite and ground truth data, a preliminary analysis shows that useful estimates of the size distribution can be obtained. (Author).
Download or read book The Relationship Between Marine Aerosol Optical Depth and Satellite sensed Sea Surface Temperature written by Susan K. Runco and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multichannel sea surface temperatures (MCSST) computed from NOAA 7 AVHRR channels 4 and 5 are compared to sea surface temperatures measured by an aircraft radiometer (PRT-5). This data set was collected in Fall, 1982 off the southern Californian coast. The MCSST was warmer by 0.82 degrees in the area aerosol effects did not offset increasing radiance due to vertically warming air temperature. As aerosols were able to offset the temperature contribution to radiance, the difference between MCSST and PRT-5 SST measurements decreased. Aerosol effects on infrared radiance were qualitatively examined using an atmospheric transmittance model (LOWTRAN 6). Comparing the model and PRT-5 results indicates that below the marine boundary layer, high aerosol extinction caused significant cooling. Above the boundary layer, aerosols scattered and emitted energy, generally decreasing the measured radiance. The emission moderated the decrease by increasing the radiance slightly.
Download or read book Satellite Measurements of Tropospheric Aerosols written by M. Griggs and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Satellite Measurements of Atmospheric Aerosols written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of the Midway data set shows that the aerosol content determined with the two-channel technique is less accurate than with the one-channel method. An error analysis indicates that the main error sources affecting the use of the two-channel technique are the unknown atmospheric ozone and water vapor contents and the AVHRR sensor noise; if it is assumed that the ozone and water vapor contents would be known in operational use of the technique, then only the AVHRR sensor noise is of concern. (Author).
Download or read book Satellite Aerosol Remote Sensing Over Land written by Alexander A. Kokhanovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-08-24 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols have a significant influence on the Earth's radiation budget, but there is considerable uncertainty about the magnitude of their effect on the Earth's climate. Currently, satellite remote sensing is being increasingly utilized to improve our understanding of the effect of atmospheric aerosols on the climate system. Satellite Aerosol Remote Sensing Over Land is the only book that brings together in one volume the most up-to-date research and advances in this discipline. As well as describing the current academic theory, the book presents practical applications, utilizing state-of-the-art instrumentation, invaluable to the work of environmental scientists. With contributions by an international group of experts and leaders of correspondent aerosol retrieval groups, the book is an essential tool for all those working in the field of climate change.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Aerosols Clouds and Precipitation written by Tanvir Islam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation compiles recent advances in aerosol, cloud, and precipitation remote sensing from new satellite observations. The book examines a wide range of measurements from microwave (both active and passive), visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum. Contributors are experts conducting state-of-the-art research in atmospheric remote sensing using space, airborne, and ground-based datasets, focusing on supporting earth observation satellite missions for aerosol, cloud, and precipitation studies. A handy reference for scientists working in remote sensing, earth science, electromagnetics, climate physics, and space engineering. Valuable for operational forecasters, meteorologists, geospatial experts, modelers, and policymakers alike. Presents new approaches in the field, along with further research opportunities, based on the latest satellite data Focuses on how remote sensing systems can be designed/developed to solve outstanding problems in earth and atmospheric sciences Edited by a dynamic team of editors with a mixture of highly skilled and qualified authors offering world-leading expertise in the field
Download or read book Satellite Measurements of Tropospheric Aerosols written by M. Griggs and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landsat data were originally used to demonstrate that a linear relationship exists between the upwelling visible radiance and the aerosol optical thickness (essentially all of this thickness is in the troposphere) over oceans. Since that time similar relationships have been shown to exist for sensors on the GOES and NOAA-5 satellites. A global scale ground truth experiment using Tiros-N data is planned and will investigate the variability of the linear relationship at different sites around the globe. A comparison of the results for the different satellites is presented, together with a discussion of the requirements for routine satellite monitoring of tropospheric aerosols on a global scale. (Author).
Download or read book From the Satellite to the Earth s Surface Studies Relevant to NASA s Plankton Aerosol Cloud Ocean Ecosystems PACE Mission written by David Antoine and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth’s atmosphere and oceans play individual and interconnected roles in regulating climate and the hydrological system, supporting organisms and ecosystems, and contributing to the well-being of human communities and economies. Recognizing the importance of these two geophysical fluids, NASA designed the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud and ocean Ecosystems (PACE) mission to bring cutting edge technology to space borne measurements of the atmosphere and ocean. PACE will carry the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI), a radiometer with hyperspectral capability from the ultraviolet through the near-infrared, plus eight discreet shortwave infrared bands. Thus, OCI will measure the broadest solar spectrum of any NASA instrument, to date. PACE’s second instrument will be a Multi-Angle Polarimeter (MAP). MAP will be NASA’s first imaging polarimeter on board a comprehensive Earth science mission. These instruments bring new capability to the science community, but also new challenges. Fundamentals, such as basic radiative transfer models, require review, enhancements and benchmarking in order to meet the needs of the atmosphereocean communities in the PACE era. Both OCI and MAP will bring opportunities to continue heritage climate data records of aerosols and clouds and to advance characterization of these atmospheric constituents with new macrophysical and microphysical parameters. The ability to better characterize atmospheric constituents is a necessity to better separate ocean and atmosphere signals in order to fully realize the potential of PACE measurements for oceanic observations. Atmospheric correction in the PACE era must address the expanded wavelength range and resolution of OCI images, requiring new approaches that go beyond heritage algorithms. This Research Topic encompasses fundamental radiative transfer studies, with application to the atmosphere, ocean or coupled atmosphere-ocean system. It includes remote sensing of aerosols, clouds and trace gases, over ocean or over land, but with particular focus on algorithms that take advantage of OCI’s new capabilities or multi-angle polarimetry. The Research Topic embraces studies of atmospheric correction over ocean including addressing issues of aerosols, cloud masking, foam, bubbles, ice etc., as well as ocean bio-optics and biogeochemical studies taking advantage of the PACE and polarization spectral capabilities.
Download or read book Improving Our Understanding of High latitude Tropospheric Marine Aerosols Using NASA Earth Observing Satellites and the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate B SOSE written by Srishti Dasarathy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropospheric marine aerosol presence in the western Antarctic is coupled to physical and biological processes. These aerosols may be biogenic, formed from the activity of primary producers, and can be associated with seasonal dynamics of sea ice melt and phytoplankton blooms. These aerosols may also influence local environments of polar regions by absorbing and scattering solar radiation and by initiating cloud formation. To study tropospheric marine aerosol in the remote marine Bellingshausen Sea environment, we used a specialized instrument onboard the NASA Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) capable of detecting the presence of aerosols at altitudes close to the sea surface. We termed this measurement marine aerosol optical depth (MAOD). To further support these observations, we also examined coarse-mode aerosol optical depth (AODC), often used as a proxy for sea spray aerosol (SSA). We used MAOD and AODC to examine trends in marine tropospheric aerosol and undertook a multi-year remote sensing analysis in the Bellingshausen Sea from 2006-2018. Across open ocean to coastal regions, daily fluctuations in nighttime and daytime winds, respectively, drove increasing MAOD and AODC. MAOD depicted strong correlations with wind speed across the open ocean and weak correlations in coastal regions, suggesting that daily fluxes in wind speed drive the production of SSA. In the open ocean, we further observed that warmer SST enhanced AODC and the associated production of SSA, supporting prior studies. We also observed seasonal increases in MAOD alongside a seasonal increase in chl-a and the melt of sea ice; these patterns suggest that biological activity of primary producers likely contributed towards magnitudes of marine tropospheric aerosol. This work is also the first to distinguish a late winter to early spring temporal MAOD signal, likely tied to an aerosol source from either venting of biogenic aerosol from breaks in sea ice or to the production of SSA resulting from pulses in wind speed. Our work extends upon previous findings of marine aerosol in polar environments and more fully characterizes interactions during polar winter.
Download or read book Atmosphere Aerosol Phytoplankton and its Influence on Climate Forming in the Pacific Ocean written by Victoriya P. Yurchnik and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmosphere Aerosol, Phytoplankton and its Influence on Climate Forming in the Pacific Ocean: Measurement New Methods is a collection of new articles by young academics, students and PhD students who participated in the 1st International Sailing Conference of Climate Forcing, held on the board the Sailing Training Ship Nadezhda in the Sea of Japan and the Okhtosk Sea in August 2010. The collection presents a vivid overview of current problems in the research fields of atmosphere aerosol, phytoplankton communities, volcanic activities and hydroacoastics in order to investigate climate change’s influence on phytoplankton communities. This collection of articles will be of interest to researchers and specialists in the fields of atmosphere and ocean monitoring, and climate forcing.
Download or read book Satellite Meteorology written by Stanley Q. Kidder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-09-12 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At last, a book that has what every atmospheric science and meteorology student should know about satellite meteorology: the orbits of satellites, the instruments they carry, the radiation they detect, and, most importantly, the fundamental atmospheric data that can be retrieved from their observations. Key Features * Of special interest are sections on: * Remote sensing of atmospheric temperature, trace gases, winds, cloud and aerosol data, precipitation, and radiation budget * Satellite image interpretation * Satellite orbits and navigation * Radiative transfer fundamentals
Download or read book Satellite Measurements of Maritime Aerosol Parameters written by Michael Griggs and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two-channel analysis has been made of NOAA-6 AVHRR data obtained at Barbados in 1980 in conjunction with multispectral ground truth sunphotometer measurements of the aerosol optical thickness. The AVHRR Channel 1 (0.65 micrometers) and Channel 2 (0.86 micrometers) radiances were used to infer the aerosol optical thickness and the Junge size distribution parameter nu, and were compared with the corresponding ground truth values. The analysis has shown, in spite of uncertainties in the accuracy of both the ground truth and satellite data, that the AVHRR Channel 1 and Channel 2 radiances can provide useful estimates of nu to support the aerosol content estimates previously demonstrated.
Download or read book Sea Salt Aerosol Production written by Ernie R. Lewis and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 152. Sea salt aerosol (SSA) exerts a major influence over a broad reach of geophysics. It is important to the physics and chemistry of the marine atmosphere and to marine geochemistry and biogeochemistry generally. It affects visibility, remote sensing, atmospheric chemistry, and air quality. Sea salt aerosol particles interact with other atmospheric gaseous and aerosol constituents by acting as sinks for condensable gases and suppressing new particle formation, thus influencing the size distribution of these other aerosols and more broadly influencing the geochemical cycles of substances with which they interact. As the key aerosol constituent over much of Earth's surface at present, and all the more so in pre-industrial times, SSA is central to description of Earth's aerosol burden.
Download or read book Ocean Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles written by Peter S. Liss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.
Download or read book Aerosols Monitored by Satellite Remote Sensing written by Zhihua Mao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols, small particles suspended in the atmosphere, affect the air quality and climate change. Their distributions can be monitored by satellite remote sensing. Many images of aerosol properties are available from websites as the by-products of the atmospheric correction of the satellite data. Their qualities depend on the accuracy of the atmospheric correction algorithms. The approaches of the atmospheric correction for land and ocean are different due to the large difference of the ground reflectance between land and ocean. A unified atmospheric correction (UAC) approach is developed to improve the accuracy of aerosol products over land, similar to those over ocean. This approach is developed to estimate the aerosol scattering reflectance from satellite data based on a lookup table (LUT) of in situ measured ground reflectance. The results show that the aerosol scattering reflectance can be completely separated from the satellite measured radiance over turbid waters and lands. The accuracy is validated with the mean relative errors of 22.1%. The vertical structures of the aerosols provide a new insight into the role of aerosols in regulating Earth's weather, climate, and air quality.
Download or read book Satellite Observations of Aerosol Variations in the Central North Pacific Ocean written by Tod D. Benedict and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences written by Gerald R. North and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-14 with total page 2874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences, Second Edition, Six Volume Set is an authoritative resource covering all aspects of atmospheric sciences, including both theory and applications. With more than 320 articles and 1,600 figures and photographs, this revised version of the award-winning first edition offers comprehensive coverage of this important field. The six volumes in this set contain broad-ranging articles on topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction. The Encyclopedia is an ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences. It is written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest information in the field. Covers all aspects of atmospheric sciences—including both theory and applications Presents more than 320 articles and more than 1,600 figures and photographs Broad-ranging articles include topics such as atmospheric chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, boundary layers, clouds, general circulation, global change, mesoscale meteorology, ozone, radar, satellite remote sensing, and weather prediction An ideal resource for academia, government, and industry in the fields of atmospheric, ocean, and environmental sciences
