Download or read book City of Light written by Jeff Hecht and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: City of Light tells the story of fiber optics, tracing its transformation from 19th-century parlor trick into the foundation of our global communications network. Written for a broad audience by a journalist who has covered the field for twenty years, the book is a lively account of both the people and the ideas behind this revolutionary technology. The basic concept underlying fiber optics was first explored in the 1840s when researchers used jets of water to guide light in laboratory demonstrations. The idea caught the public eye decades later when it was used to create stunning illuminated fountains at many of the great Victorian exhibitions. The modern version of fiber optics--using flexible glass fibers to transmit light--was discovered independently five times through the first half of the century, and one of its first key applications was the endoscope, which for the first time allowed physicians to look inside the body without surgery. Endoscopes became practical in 1956 when a college undergraduate discovered how to make solid glass fibers with a glass cladding. With the invention of the laser, researchers grew interested in optical communications. While Bell Labs and others tried to send laser beams through the atmosphere or hollow light pipes, a small group at Standard Telecommunication Laboratories looked at guiding light by transparent fibers. Led by the recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics, Charles K. Kao, they proposed the idea of fiber-optic communications and demonstrated that contrary to what many researchers thought glass could be made clear enough to transmit light over great distances. Following these ideas, Corning Glass Works developed the first low-loss glass fibers in 1970. From this point fiber-optic communications developed rapidly. The first experimental phone links were tested on live telephone traffic in 1977 and within half a dozen years long-distance companies were laying fiber cables for their national backbone systems. In 1988, the first transatlantic fiber-optic cable connected Europe with North America, and now fiber optics are the key element in global communications. The story continues today as fiber optics spread through the communication grid that connects homes and offices, creating huge information pipelines and replacing copper wires. The book concludes with a look at some of the exciting potential developments of this technology.

Download or read book Journal written by Manchester Geographical Society and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Decennial Reports on the Trade Industries Etc of the Ports Open to Foreign Commerce and on Conditions and Development of the Treaty Port Provinces written by China. Hai guan zong shui wu si shu and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report for 1822-1891 includes sundry maps and a sketch plan of each port; also statistical tables relating to the foreign trade of China.

Download or read book The New York Supplement written by and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 1304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New York Supplement written by and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes decisions of the Supreme Court and various intermediate and lower courts of record; May/Aug. 1888-Sept../Dec. 1895, Superior Court of New York City; Mar./Apr. 1926-Dec. 1937/Jan. 1938, Court of Appeals.

Download or read book The Town and the City written by Jack Kerouac and published by Open Road Media. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quintessential American family is pulled apart by war and the rapidly changing tides of society in Jack Kerouac’s captivating first novel Published seven years before his iconic On the Road, Jack Kerouac’s debut novel follows the experiences of one family as they navigate the seismic cultural shifts following World War II. Inspired by Kerouac’s own New England youth, the eight Martin children enjoy an idyllic upbringing in a small Massachusetts mill-town. Middle son Peter, a budding intellectual and promising athlete, most strongly feels the lure of the future. When war breaks out, the siblings’ lives are interrupted by military service; their parents must sell their house after the family business goes bankrupt; and Peter, eager to see the world, voyages overseas as a Merchant Marine. After returning home, Peter is drawn to the kinetic energy of New York City and the progressive, bohemian ideas springing from its denizen young poets, writers, and artists. His new friends are fictionalized versions of Kerouac’s contemporaries: Allen Ginsberg (as Leon Levinsky), Lucien Carr (as Kenneth Wood), and William Burroughs (as Will Dennison), and other members of the Beat Generation. Seen by Peter’s parents as hoodlums and junkies, the Beats challenge conventional American ideas of everything from authority and religion to marriage and domestic life.

Download or read book Supreme Court written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 1244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 1899 supplement 1901 Ed 4 written by Great Britain. Hydrographic Department and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sandbank City written by William John Gilbert Godwin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report written by New York (State). Bureau of Labor Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Through the Valley of the Shadow written by Linda Banks and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling collection tells five stories of young Australian women who served in times of armed conflict in early twentieth-century China. These courageous missionaries lived in the midst of pre-Boxer uprisings, the Republican revolution, clashes between regional warlords, Japanese occupation during World War II, and civil war between Nationalists and Communists. Suffering deprivation and hardship with the Chinese people, they were shot at and bombed, endured capture and imprisonment, and risked their lives to save others. Some were even killed. Working in villages, hospitals, schools, universities, orphanages, and refugee centers, these women helped shape the emergence of modern China. In partnership with local people they helped raise the status of women and develop educational, medical, and welfare institutions that exist to this day. Based on thorough first-hand research, visits to various sites in China, and including a number of historic photos, this book is written for anyone interested in the lives of people who made a difference to the world around them.

Download or read book Hearings written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee ... and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 1954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Public Opinion written by and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Documents of the Assembly of the State of New York written by New York (State). Legislature. Assembly and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book First Fourteenth Annual Report of the Commissioner of Labor 1901 1913 14 written by New York (State). Department of Labor and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Murby s Imperial reader written by Thomas Murby (publisher.) and published by . This book was released on 1879 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Hearings and Reports on Atomic Energy written by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: