Download or read book Sampling for Radionuclides in the Environment written by International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radionuclides in the Environment written by Clemens Walther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides extensive and comprehensive information to researchers and academicians who are interested in radionuclide contamination, its sources and environmental impact. It is also useful for graduate and undergraduate students specializing in radioactive-waste disposal and its impact on natural as well as manmade environments. A number of sites are affected by large legacies of waste from the mining and processing of radioactive minerals. Over recent decades, several hundred radioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) of natural elements have been produced artificially, including 90Sr, 137Cs and 131I. Several other anthropogenic radioactive elements have also been produced in large quantities, for example technetium, neptunium, plutonium and americium, although plutonium does occur naturally in trace amounts in uranium ores. The deposition of radionuclides on vegetation and soil, as well as the uptake from polluted aquifers (root uptake or irrigation) are the initial point for their transfer into the terrestrial environment and into food chains. There are two principal deposition processes for the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere: dry deposition is the direct transfer through absorption of gases and particles by natural surfaces, such as vegetation, whereas showery or wet deposition is the transport of a substance from the atmosphere to the ground by snow, hail or rain. Once deposited on any vegetation, radionuclides are removed from plants by the airstre am and rain, either through percolation or by cuticular scratch. The increase in biomass during plant growth does not cause a loss of activity, but it does lead to a decrease in activity concentration due to effective dilution. There is also systemic transport (translocation) of radionuclides within the plant subsequent to foliar uptake, leading the transfer of chemical components to other parts of the plant that have not been contaminated directly.
Download or read book Sampling and Measurement of Radionuclides in the Environment written by Great Britain. Radioactivity Research and Environmental Monitoring Committee. Methodology Sub-Group and published by . This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Environmental Radionuclides written by Pavel P. Povinec and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to present a state of art summary of current knowledge of methods of assessment of radionuclides in the terrestrial and marine environments. It cover the traditional methods of radioactivity measurements such as radiometrics techniques, but also recent developments in the mass spectrometry sector. The book starts with a short preface introducing the subject of the book, summarising content and philosophy of the book, as well as the most important historical achievements. The scientific topics are introduced by description of sampling methods, optimisation of sampling sites and sampling frequency. The recent developments in radiochemical separation methods using chromatography resins for the treatment of actinides, transuranics and other groups of radioelements are also described. No other book is available covering all aspects of environmental radioactivity measurements, although remarkable progress has been made in detection techniques over the last ten years. At present the new methods enable to carry out investigations which were not possible before, either because of lack of sensitivity or because of the fact that they required too large samples.
Download or read book Procedures for Determination of Stable Elements and Radionuclides in Environmental Samples written by United States. Public Health Service. Division of Radiological Health and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Air Sampling Methods written by Mark L. Maiello and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the field of radioactive air sampling has matured and evolved over decades, it has lacked a single resource that assimilates technical and background information on its many facets. Edited by experts and with contributions from top practitioners and researchers, Radioactive Air Sampling Methods provides authoritative guidanc
Download or read book Methods in Environmental Sampling for Radionuclides written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews methods of environmental sampling for radionuclides around operational and preoperational nuclear power plants. We examine in detail the implications of the established radiation standards and their effect on sampling procedures. Transport mechanisms of radionuclides in liquid effluent, and the deposition of airborne radionuclides onto soil and vegetation are discussed. We evaluate water- and soil-sampling procedures. The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory program of terrestrial gamma-ray surveys at preoperational nuclear power plants is described.
Download or read book Radiological Assessments for the Resettlement of Rongelap in the Republic of the Marshall Islands written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of contamination by radionuclides released during nuclear weapons testing by the United States during the 1940s and 1950s, the residents of Rongelap Atoll were evacuated from the Marshall Islands. This book provides an assessment of issues surrounding their resettlement and an evaluation of radiological conditions on certain Marshall Islands, particularly Rongelap Atoll.
Download or read book Radioassay Procedures for Environmental Samples written by National Center for Radiological Health (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines on Soil and Vegetation Sampling for Radiological Monitoring written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses the sampling of soil and vegetation in terrestrial ecosystems, including agricultural, forest and urban environments, contaminated with radionuclides from events such as radiation accidents, radiological incidents and former nuclear activities. It considers sampling strategies and programmes, which are relevant for both emergency and existing exposure situations. Practical advice is provided on the design and implementation of sampling programmes for soil and vegetation within the framework of environmental monitoring. Examples of best practice on the formulation of optimized sampling strategies for different exposure situations are given based on the experience and lessons learned from implementation of past and existing programmes.
Download or read book The Sampling and Analysing Methods of Radionuclides Used InTheNordic Countries for Environmental Samples written by Nordic Laison Committee for Atomic Energy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Releases in the Environment written by John R. Cooper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-05-07 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - Thema des Bandes ist die Radioaktivität in der Umwelt (Herkunft, Transport, Messung) - einziges Buch auf dem Markt, das sich derart ausführlich nur mit diesem Thema beschäftigt - wendet sich an breitgefächertes Leserspektrum (Studenten, Dozenten, Forscher, Unternehmen, Berater) - Interesse am Einfluß menschlicher Tätigkeit auf die Umwelt nimmt ständig zu
Download or read book Chemistry and Analysis of Radionuclides written by Jukka Lehto and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by chemists for chemists, this is a comprehensive guide to the important radionuclides as well as techniques for their separation and analysis. It introduces readers to the important laboratory techniques and methodologies in the field, providing practical instructions on how to handle nuclear waste and radioactivity in the environment.
Download or read book Radioactivity Standards Distribution Program 1973 1974 written by National Environmental Research Center. Quality Assurance Branch and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sampling of agricultural soils and plants for radioactivity analysis written by Dercon, G., Lee Zhi Yi, A., Fesenko, S., Heng, L. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-06-02 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of radioactive releases to the environment is important for the support of sustainable development of agriculture, due to the potential for released radioactivity to enter food chain. The impact of radionuclides on the food chains are normally assessed by means of measurements of radioactivity in environmental samples, which include soils, feedstuffs, foodstuffs, and water. Sampling of agricultural soils and food, as well as measurement of various radionuclides for radioactivity requires efficient, cheap, effective and easily implemented techniques. The lack of such techniques may prevent the development of national infrastructures in providing the required level of food safety. This document provides the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for sampling and measurements of radionuclides in agriculture. It also includes an overview of the techniques relevant for agricultural soil and crops. Supplementary techniques such as the assessment of radiocaesium mobility in soils are also presented. The document is intended for individuals and authorities dealing with sampling and measurement of radionuclides in agricultural environments, and answered the many request for assistance from the IAEA Members in radionuclide measurements in agricultural soils and food items.
Download or read book Environmental Radioactivity written by National Environmental Research Center (Las Vegas, Nev.). Quality Assurance Branch and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Radioactivity in Terrestrial Environmental Samples written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents a comprehensive overview of the techniques used for the determination of radioactivity in terrestrial environmental samples. It is written for scientists and researchers involved in the determination of environmental radioactivity, and is intended to facilitate the transfer of knowledge about the measurement of radionuclides and applications of nuclear analytical techniques for environmental monitoring. Case studies and examples are presented throughout the publication to illustrate the concepts described.
