Download or read book Sample Efficient Multiagent Learning in the Presence of Markovian Agents written by Doran Chakraborty and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of Multiagent Learning (or MAL) is concerned with the study of how intelligent entities can learn and adapt in the presence of other such entities that are simultaneously adapting. The problem is often studied in the stylized settings provided by repeated matrix games (a.k.a. normal form games). The goal of this book is to develop MAL algorithms for such a setting that achieve a new set of objectives which have not been previously achieved. In particular this book deals with learning in the presence of a new class of agent behavior that has not been studied or modeled before in a MAL context: Markovian agent behavior. Several new challenges arise when interacting with this particular class of agents. The book takes a series of steps towards building completely autonomous learning algorithms that maximize utility while interacting with such agents. Each algorithm is meticulously specified with a thorough formal treatment that elucidates its key theoretical properties.

Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Multiagent Systems and Distributed Artificial Intelligence written by Nikos Vlassis and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2007-06-01 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiagent systems is an expanding field that blends classical fields like game theory and decentralized control with modern fields like computer science and machine learning. This monograph provides a concise introduction to the subject, covering the theoretical foundations as well as more recent developments in a coherent and readable manner. The text is centered on the concept of an agent as decision maker. Chapter 1 is a short introduction to the field of multiagent systems. Chapter 2 covers the basic theory of singleagent decision making under uncertainty. Chapter 3 is a brief introduction to game theory, explaining classical concepts like Nash equilibrium. Chapter 4 deals with the fundamental problem of coordinating a team of collaborative agents. Chapter 5 studies the problem of multiagent reasoning and decision making under partial observability. Chapter 6 focuses on the design of protocols that are stable against manipulations by self-interested agents. Chapter 7 provides a short introduction to the rapidly expanding field of multiagent reinforcement learning. The material can be used for teaching a half-semester course on multiagent systems covering, roughly, one chapter per lecture.

Download or read book Multi Agent Coordination written by Arup Kumar Sadhu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the latest developments in multi-robot coordination techniques with this insightful and original resource Multi-Agent Coordination: A Reinforcement Learning Approach delivers a comprehensive, insightful, and unique treatment of the development of multi-robot coordination algorithms with minimal computational burden and reduced storage requirements when compared to traditional algorithms. The accomplished academics, engineers, and authors provide readers with both a high-level introduction to, and overview of, multi-robot coordination, and in-depth analyses of learning-based planning algorithms. You'll learn about how to accelerate the exploration of the team-goal and alternative approaches to speeding up the convergence of TMAQL by identifying the preferred joint action for the team. The authors also propose novel approaches to consensus Q-learning that address the equilibrium selection problem and a new way of evaluating the threshold value for uniting empires without imposing any significant computation overhead. Finally, the book concludes with an examination of the likely direction of future research in this rapidly developing field. Readers will discover cutting-edge techniques for multi-agent coordination, including: An introduction to multi-agent coordination by reinforcement learning and evolutionary algorithms, including topics like the Nash equilibrium and correlated equilibrium Improving convergence speed of multi-agent Q-learning for cooperative task planning Consensus Q-learning for multi-agent cooperative planning The efficient computing of correlated equilibrium for cooperative q-learning based multi-agent planning A modified imperialist competitive algorithm for multi-agent stick-carrying applications Perfect for academics, engineers, and professionals who regularly work with multi-agent learning algorithms, Multi-Agent Coordination: A Reinforcement Learning Approach also belongs on the bookshelves of anyone with an advanced interest in machine learning and artificial intelligence as it applies to the field of cooperative or competitive robotics.

Download or read book Scaling Multi agent Learning in Complex Environments written by Chongjie Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooperative multi-agent systems (MAS) are finding applications in a wide variety of domains, including sensor networks, robotics, distributed control, collaborative decision support systems, and data mining. A cooperative MAS consists of a group of autonomous agents that interact with one another in order to optimize a global performance measure. A central challenge in cooperative MAS research is to design distributed coordination policies. Designing optimal distributed coordination policies offline is usually not feasible for large-scale complex multi-agent systems, where 10s to 1000s of agents are involved, there is limited communication bandwidth and communication delay between agents, agents have only limited partial views of the whole system, etc. This infeasibility is either due to a prohibitive cost to build an accurate decision model, or a dynamically evolving environment, or the intractable computation complexity. This thesis develops a multi-agent reinforcement learning paradigm to allow agents to effectively learn and adapt coordination policies in complex cooperative domains without explicitly building the complete decision models. With multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), agents explore the environment through trial and error, adapt their behaviors to the dynamics of the uncertain and evolving environment, and improve their performance through experiences. To achieve the scalability of MARL and ensure the global performance, the MARL paradigm developed in this thesis restricts the learning of each agent to using information locally observed or received from local interactions with a limited number of agents (i.e., neighbors) in the system and exploits non-local interaction information to coordinate the learning processes of agents. This thesis develops new MARL algorithms for agents to learn effectively with limited observations in multi-agent settings and introduces a low-overhead supervisory control framework to collect and integrate non-local information into the learning process of agents to coordinate their learning. More specifically, the contributions of already completed aspects of this thesis are as follows: Multi-Agent Learning with Policy Prediction: This thesis introduces the concept of policy prediction and augments the basic gradient-based learning algorithm to achieve two properties: best-response learning and convergence. The convergence property of multi-agent learning with policy prediction is proven for a class of static games under the assumption of full observability. MARL Algorithm with Limited Observability: This thesis develops PGA-APP, a practical multi-agent learning algorithm that extends Q-learning to learn stochastic policies. PGA-APP combines the policy gradient technique with the idea of policy prediction. It allows an agent to learn effectively with limited observability in complex domains in presence of other learning agents. The empirical results demonstrate that PGA-APP outperforms state-of-the-art MARL techniques in both benchmark games. MARL Application in Cloud Computing: This thesis illustrates how MARL can be applied to optimizing online distributed resource allocation in cloud computing. Empirical results show that the MARL approach performs reasonably well, compared to an optimal solution, and better than a centralized myopic allocation approach in some cases. A General Paradigm for Coordinating MARL: This thesis presents a multi-level supervisory control framework to coordinate and guide the agents' learning process. This framework exploits non-local information and introduces a more global view to coordinate the learning process of individual agents without incurring significant overhead and exploding their policy space. Empirical results demonstrate that this coordination significantly improves the speed, quality and likelihood of MARL convergence in large-scale, complex cooperative multi-agent systems. An Agent Interaction Model: This thesis proposes a new general agent interaction model. This interaction model formalizes a type of interactions among agents, called {\em joint-even-driven} interactions, and define a measure for capturing the strength of such interactions. Formal analysis reveals the relationship between interactions between agents and the performance of individual agents and the whole system. Self-Organization for Nearly-Decomposable Hierarchy: This thesis develops a distributed self-organization approach, based on the agent interaction model, that dynamically form a nearly decomposable hierarchy for large-scale multi-agent systems. This self-organization approach is integrated into supervisory control framework to automatically evolving supervisory organizations to better coordinating MARL during the learning process. Empirically results show that dynamically evolving supervisory organizations can perform better than static ones. Automating Coordination for Multi-Agent Learning: We tailor our supervision framework for coordinating MARL in ND-POMDPs. By exploiting structured interaction in ND-POMDPs, this tailored approach distributes the learning of the global joint policy among supervisors and employs DCOP techniques to automatically coordinate distributed learning to ensure the global learning performance. We prove that this approach can learn a globally optimal policy for ND-POMDPs with a property called groupwise observability.

Download or read book ECAI 2023 written by K. Gal and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2023-10-18 with total page 3328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence, or AI, now affects the day-to-day life of almost everyone on the planet, and continues to be a perennial hot topic in the news. This book presents the proceedings of ECAI 2023, the 26th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, and of PAIS 2023, the 12th Conference on Prestigious Applications of Intelligent Systems, held from 30 September to 4 October 2023 and on 3 October 2023 respectively in Kraków, Poland. Since 1974, ECAI has been the premier venue for presenting AI research in Europe, and this annual conference has become the place for researchers and practitioners of AI to discuss the latest trends and challenges in all subfields of AI, and to demonstrate innovative applications and uses of advanced AI technology. ECAI 2023 received 1896 submissions – a record number – of which 1691 were retained for review, ultimately resulting in an acceptance rate of 23%. The 390 papers included here, cover topics including machine learning, natural language processing, multi agent systems, and vision and knowledge representation and reasoning. PAIS 2023 received 17 submissions, of which 10 were accepted after a rigorous review process. Those 10 papers cover topics ranging from fostering better working environments, behavior modeling and citizen science to large language models and neuro-symbolic applications, and are also included here. Presenting a comprehensive overview of current research and developments in AI, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field.

Download or read book Innovations in Multi Agent Systems and Application 1 written by Dipti Srinivasan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-07-17 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today’s world, the increasing requirement for emulating the behavior of real-world applications for achieving effective management and control has necessitated the usage of advanced computational techniques. Computational intelligence-based techniques that combine a variety of problem solvers are becoming increasingly pervasive. The ability of these methods to adapt to the dynamically changing environment and learn in an online manner has increased their usefulness in simulating intelligent behaviors as observed in humans. These intelligent systems are able to handle the stochastic and uncertain nature of the real-world problems. Application domains requiring interaction of people or organizations with different, even possibly conflicting goals and proprietary information handling are growing exponentially. To efficiently handle these types of complex interactions, distributed problem solving systems like multiagent systems have become a necessity. The rapid advancements in network communication technologies have provided the platform for successful implementation of such intelligent agent-based problem solvers. An agent can be viewed as a self-contained, concurrently executing thread of control that encapsulates some state and communicates with its environment, and possibly other agents via message passing. Agent-based systems offer advantages when independently developed components must interoperate in a heterogenous environment. Such agent-based systems are increasingly being applied in a wide range of areas including telecommunications, Business process modeling, computer games, distributed system control and robot systems.

Download or read book Progress in Artificial Intelligence written by Goreti Marreiros and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 815 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th EPIA Conference on Artificial Intelligence, EPIA 2021, held virtually in September 2021. The 62 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 108 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: artificial intelligence and IoT in agriculture; artificial intelligence and law; artificial intelligence in medicine; artificial intelligence in power and energy systems; artificial intelligence in transportation systems; artificial life and evolutionary algorithms; ambient intelligence and affective environments; general AI; intelligent robotics; knowledge discovery and business intelligence; multi-agent systems: theory and applications; and text mining and applications.

Download or read book Reinforcement Learning second edition written by Richard S. Sutton and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-11-13 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The significantly expanded and updated new edition of a widely used text on reinforcement learning, one of the most active research areas in artificial intelligence. Reinforcement learning, one of the most active research areas in artificial intelligence, is a computational approach to learning whereby an agent tries to maximize the total amount of reward it receives while interacting with a complex, uncertain environment. In Reinforcement Learning, Richard Sutton and Andrew Barto provide a clear and simple account of the field's key ideas and algorithms. This second edition has been significantly expanded and updated, presenting new topics and updating coverage of other topics. Like the first edition, this second edition focuses on core online learning algorithms, with the more mathematical material set off in shaded boxes. Part I covers as much of reinforcement learning as possible without going beyond the tabular case for which exact solutions can be found. Many algorithms presented in this part are new to the second edition, including UCB, Expected Sarsa, and Double Learning. Part II extends these ideas to function approximation, with new sections on such topics as artificial neural networks and the Fourier basis, and offers expanded treatment of off-policy learning and policy-gradient methods. Part III has new chapters on reinforcement learning's relationships to psychology and neuroscience, as well as an updated case-studies chapter including AlphaGo and AlphaGo Zero, Atari game playing, and IBM Watson's wagering strategy. The final chapter discusses the future societal impacts of reinforcement learning.

Download or read book Rollout Policy Iteration and Distributed Reinforcement Learning written by Dimitri Bertsekas and published by Athena Scientific. This book was released on 2021-08-20 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to develop in greater depth some of the methods from the author's Reinforcement Learning and Optimal Control recently published textbook (Athena Scientific, 2019). In particular, we present new research, relating to systems involving multiple agents, partitioned architectures, and distributed asynchronous computation. We pay special attention to the contexts of dynamic programming/policy iteration and control theory/model predictive control. We also discuss in some detail the application of the methodology to challenging discrete/combinatorial optimization problems, such as routing, scheduling, assignment, and mixed integer programming, including the use of neural network approximations within these contexts. The book focuses on the fundamental idea of policy iteration, i.e., start from some policy, and successively generate one or more improved policies. If just one improved policy is generated, this is called rollout, which, based on broad and consistent computational experience, appears to be one of the most versatile and reliable of all reinforcement learning methods. In this book, rollout algorithms are developed for both discrete deterministic and stochastic DP problems, and the development of distributed implementations in both multiagent and multiprocessor settings, aiming to take advantage of parallelism. Approximate policy iteration is more ambitious than rollout, but it is a strictly off-line method, and it is generally far more computationally intensive. This motivates the use of parallel and distributed computation. One of the purposes of the monograph is to discuss distributed (possibly asynchronous) methods that relate to rollout and policy iteration, both in the context of an exact and an approximate implementation involving neural networks or other approximation architectures. Much of the new research is inspired by the remarkable AlphaZero chess program, where policy iteration, value and policy networks, approximate lookahead minimization, and parallel computation all play an important role.

Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Decentralized POMDPs written by Frans A. Oliehoek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces multiagent planning under uncertainty as formalized by decentralized partially observable Markov decision processes (Dec-POMDPs). The intended audience is researchers and graduate students working in the fields of artificial intelligence related to sequential decision making: reinforcement learning, decision-theoretic planning for single agents, classical multiagent planning, decentralized control, and operations research.

Download or read book Decentralised Reinforcement Learning in Markov Games written by Peter Vrancx and published by ASP / VUBPRESS / UPA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing a new approach to multiagent reinforcement learning and distributed artificial intelligence, this guide shows how classical game theory can be used to compose basic learning units. This approach to creating agents has the advantage of leading to powerful, yet intuitively simple, algorithms that can be analyzed. The setup is demonstrated here in a number of different settings, with a detailed analysis of agent learning behaviors provided for each. A review of required background materials from game theory and reinforcement learning is also provided, along with an overview of related multiagent learning methods.

Download or read book Algorithms for Reinforcement Learning written by Csaba Grossi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforcement learning is a learning paradigm concerned with learning to control a system so as to maximize a numerical performance measure that expresses a long-term objective. What distinguishes reinforcement learning from supervised learning is that only partial feedback is given to the learner about the learner's predictions. Further, the predictions may have long term effects through influencing the future state of the controlled system. Thus, time plays a special role. The goal in reinforcement learning is to develop efficient learning algorithms, as well as to understand the algorithms' merits and limitations. Reinforcement learning is of great interest because of the large number of practical applications that it can be used to address, ranging from problems in artificial intelligence to operations research or control engineering. In this book, we focus on those algorithms of reinforcement learning that build on the powerful theory of dynamic programming. We give a fairly comprehensive catalog of learning problems, describe the core ideas, note a large number of state of the art algorithms, followed by the discussion of their theoretical properties and limitations. Table of Contents: Markov Decision Processes / Value Prediction Problems / Control / For Further Exploration

Download or read book Reinforcement Learning written by Marco Wiering and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reinforcement learning encompasses both a science of adaptive behavior of rational beings in uncertain environments and a computational methodology for finding optimal behaviors for challenging problems in control, optimization and adaptive behavior of intelligent agents. As a field, reinforcement learning has progressed tremendously in the past decade. The main goal of this book is to present an up-to-date series of survey articles on the main contemporary sub-fields of reinforcement learning. This includes surveys on partially observable environments, hierarchical task decompositions, relational knowledge representation and predictive state representations. Furthermore, topics such as transfer, evolutionary methods and continuous spaces in reinforcement learning are surveyed. In addition, several chapters review reinforcement learning methods in robotics, in games, and in computational neuroscience. In total seventeen different subfields are presented by mostly young experts in those areas, and together they truly represent a state-of-the-art of current reinforcement learning research. Marco Wiering works at the artificial intelligence department of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands. He has published extensively on various reinforcement learning topics. Martijn van Otterlo works in the cognitive artificial intelligence group at the Radboud University Nijmegen in The Netherlands. He has mainly focused on expressive knowledge representation in reinforcement learning settings.

Download or read book Adaptive Agents and Multi Agent Systems written by Eduardo Alonso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-04-23 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems is an emerging and exciting interdisciplinary area of research and development involving artificial intelligence, computer science, software engineering, and developmental biology, as well as cognitive and social science. This book surveys the state of the art in this emerging field by drawing together thoroughly selected reviewed papers from two related workshops; as well as papers by leading researchers specifically solicited for this book. The articles are organized into topical sections on - learning, cooperation, and communication - emergence and evolution in multi-agent systems - theoretical foundations of adaptive agents

Download or read book Handbook of Reinforcement Learning and Control written by Kyriakos G. Vamvoudakis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 833 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook presents state-of-the-art research in reinforcement learning, focusing on its applications in the control and game theory of dynamic systems and future directions for related research and technology. The contributions gathered in this book deal with challenges faced when using learning and adaptation methods to solve academic and industrial problems, such as optimization in dynamic environments with single and multiple agents, convergence and performance analysis, and online implementation. They explore means by which these difficulties can be solved, and cover a wide range of related topics including: deep learning; artificial intelligence; applications of game theory; mixed modality learning; and multi-agent reinforcement learning. Practicing engineers and scholars in the field of machine learning, game theory, and autonomous control will find the Handbook of Reinforcement Learning and Control to be thought-provoking, instructive and informative.

Download or read book Introduction to Multi Armed Bandits written by Aleksandrs Slivkins and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multi-armed bandits is a rich, multi-disciplinary area that has been studied since 1933, with a surge of activity in the past 10-15 years. This is the first book to provide a textbook like treatment of the subject.

Download or read book Reinforcement Learning and Dynamic Programming Using Function Approximators written by Lucian Busoniu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From household appliances to applications in robotics, engineered systems involving complex dynamics can only be as effective as the algorithms that control them. While Dynamic Programming (DP) has provided researchers with a way to optimally solve decision and control problems involving complex dynamic systems, its practical value was limited by algorithms that lacked the capacity to scale up to realistic problems. However, in recent years, dramatic developments in Reinforcement Learning (RL), the model-free counterpart of DP, changed our understanding of what is possible. Those developments led to the creation of reliable methods that can be applied even when a mathematical model of the system is unavailable, allowing researchers to solve challenging control problems in engineering, as well as in a variety of other disciplines, including economics, medicine, and artificial intelligence. Reinforcement Learning and Dynamic Programming Using Function Approximators provides a comprehensive and unparalleled exploration of the field of RL and DP. With a focus on continuous-variable problems, this seminal text details essential developments that have substantially altered the field over the past decade. In its pages, pioneering experts provide a concise introduction to classical RL and DP, followed by an extensive presentation of the state-of-the-art and novel methods in RL and DP with approximation. Combining algorithm development with theoretical guarantees, they elaborate on their work with illustrative examples and insightful comparisons. Three individual chapters are dedicated to representative algorithms from each of the major classes of techniques: value iteration, policy iteration, and policy search. The features and performance of these algorithms are highlighted in extensive experimental studies on a range of control applications. The recent development of applications involving complex systems has led to a surge of interest in RL and DP methods and the subsequent need for a quality resource on the subject. For graduate students and others new to the field, this book offers a thorough introduction to both the basics and emerging methods. And for those researchers and practitioners working in the fields of optimal and adaptive control, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and operations research, this resource offers a combination of practical algorithms, theoretical analysis, and comprehensive examples that they will be able to adapt and apply to their own work. Access the authors' website at www.dcsc.tudelft.nl/rlbook/ for additional material, including computer code used in the studies and information concerning new developments.