Download or read book Level of service and Traffic Safety Relationship written by Ana Maria Almonte Valdivia and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception in 1965, the Level-of-Service (LOS) has proved to be an important and practical "quality of service" indicator for transportation facilities around the world, widely used in the transportation and planning fields. The LOS rates these facilities' traffic operating conditions through the following delay-based indicators (ordered from best to worst conditions): A, B, C, D, E and F. This LOS rating has its foundation on quantifiable measures of effectiveness (MOEs) and on road users' perceptions; altogether, these measures define a LOS based on acceptable traffic operating conditions for the road user, implying that traffic safety is inherent to this definition. However, since 1994 safety has been excluded from the LOS definition since it cannot be quantified nor explicitly defined. The latter has been the motivation for research based on the LOS-Safety relationship, conducted at the University of Central Florida (UCF). Using data from two of the most studied transportation facility types within the field of traffic safety, signalized intersections and multilane high-speed arterial corridors, the research conducted has the following main objectives: to incorporate the LOS as a parameter in several traffic safety models, to extend the methodology adopted in previous studies to the subject matter, and to provide a platform for future transportation-related research on the LOS-Safety relationship. A meticulous data collection and preparation process was performed for the two LOS-Safety studies comprising this research. Apart from signalized intersections' and multilane-high speed arterial corridors' data, the other required types of information corresponded to crashes and road features, both obtained from FDOT's respective databases. In addition, the Highway Capacity Software (HCS) and the ArcGIS software package were extensively used for the data preparation. The result was a representative and robust dataset for each LOS-Safety study, to be later tested and analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. Regarding the LOS-Safety study for signalized intersections, two statistical techniques were used. The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs), the first technique, was used for the analyses considering all periods of a regular weekday (i.e. Monday through Friday): Early Morning, A.M. Peak, Midday, P.M. Peak and Late Evening; the second technique considered was the Negative Binomial, which was used for performing an individual analysis per period of the day. On the other hand, the LOS-Safety study for multilane high-speed arterial corridors made exclusive use of the Negative Binomial technique. An appropriate variable selection process was required for the respective model building and calibration procedures; the resulting models were built upon the six following response variables: total crashes, severe crashes, as well as rear-end, sideswipe, head-on and angle plus left-turn crashes. The final results proved to be meaningful for the understanding of traffic congestion effects on road safety, and on how they could be useful within the transportation planning scope. Overall, it was found that the risk for crash occurrence at signalized intersections and multilane high-speed arterial corridors is quite high between stable and unacceptable operating conditions; it was also found that this risk increases as it becomes later in the day. Among the significant factors within the signalized intersection-related models were LOS for the intersection as a whole, cycle length, lighting conditions, land use, traffic volume (major and minor roads), left-turn traffic volume (major road only), posted speed limit (major and minor roads), total number of through lanes (major and minor roads), overall total and total number of left-turn lanes (major road only), as well as county and period of the day (dummy variables). For multilane-high speed arterial corridors, the final models included LOS for the road section, average daily traffic (ADT), total number of through lanes in a single direction, total length of the road section, pavement surface type, as well as median and inside shoulder widths. A summary of the overall results per study, model implications and each LOS indicator is presented. Some of the final recommendations are to develop models for other crash types, to perform a LOS-Safety analysis at the approach-level for signalized intersections, as well as one that incorporates intersections within the arterial corridors' framework.
Download or read book Development of Safety based Level of service Criteria for Isolated signalized Intersections written by Tae-Jun Ha and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety for Motor Vehicles in Use written by United States. Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety and Level of Service written by Nicholas J. Garber and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of methodologies have been employed to determine the operational performance, or level of service, of unsignalized intersections. The latest methodology embraced by the 1994 Highway Capacity Manual uses an average total delay measure as the determinant of level of service. This study compared field measures of delay to the values generated by the 1994 Highway Capacity Software to determine whether the new methodologies produced acceptable results for delay and level of service for two-way and all-way stop-controlled, unsignalized intersections. The relation of safety characteristics to operational performance levels at unsignalized intersections was also investigated. The objective was to create a relationship between accident rate and average total delay that determines the safety of the unsignalized intersection. Other variables were introduced, identified, and incorporated with delay into a predictive model for both two-way and all-way stop-controlled, unsignalized intersections. The findings of this study supported the statement that the unsignalized intersection module of the 1994 Highway Capacity Manual produced results comparable to manual field calculations. Although there was some slight difference between the two delays with regard to specific numbers, the values measured in the field fell within the correct ranges of level of service as determined by the two-way and all-way stop-controlled intersection 1994 Highway Capacity Manual methodologies. A relationship between safety and level of service was also determined. For the range of variables used, this model provided a basic framework for evaluating safety conditions based on the level of service and other selected characteristics at two-way stop-controlled, unsignalized intersections.
Download or read book Safety Factors to Provide a Desired Level of Service Or to Balance Costs of Over and Under stocks written by Little (Arthur D.) Inc., Cambridge, Mass and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Incorporating Highway Safety Into Level of Service written by Walter J. Diewald and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Site Reliability Engineering written by Niall Richard Murphy and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overwhelming majority of a software system’s lifespan is spent in use, not in design or implementation. So, why does conventional wisdom insist that software engineers focus primarily on the design and development of large-scale computing systems? In this collection of essays and articles, key members of Google’s Site Reliability Team explain how and why their commitment to the entire lifecycle has enabled the company to successfully build, deploy, monitor, and maintain some of the largest software systems in the world. You’ll learn the principles and practices that enable Google engineers to make systems more scalable, reliable, and efficient—lessons directly applicable to your organization. This book is divided into four sections: Introduction—Learn what site reliability engineering is and why it differs from conventional IT industry practices Principles—Examine the patterns, behaviors, and areas of concern that influence the work of a site reliability engineer (SRE) Practices—Understand the theory and practice of an SRE’s day-to-day work: building and operating large distributed computing systems Management—Explore Google's best practices for training, communication, and meetings that your organization can use
Download or read book Safe Work in the 21st Century written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-09-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite many advances, 20 American workers die each day as a result of occupational injuries. And occupational safety and health (OSH) is becoming even more complex as workers move away from the long-term, fixed-site, employer relationship. This book looks at worker safety in the changing workplace and the challenge of ensuring a supply of top-notch OSH professionals. Recommendations are addressed to federal and state agencies, OSH organizations, educational institutions, employers, unions, and other stakeholders. The committee reviews trends in workforce demographics, the nature of work in the information age, globalization of work, and the revolution in health care deliveryâ€"exploring the implications for OSH education and training in the decade ahead. The core professions of OSH (occupational safety, industrial hygiene, and occupational medicine and nursing) and key related roles (employee assistance professional, ergonomist, and occupational health psychologist) are profiled-how many people are in the field, where they work, and what they do. The book reviews in detail the education, training, and education grants available to OSH professionals from public and private sources.
Download or read book Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual written by Transit Cooperative Research Program and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains full text of the manual, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, and a library of related documents.
Download or read book Roadside Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Keeping Patients Safe written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-27 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the revolutionary Institute of Medicine reports To Err is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, Keeping Patients Safe lays out guidelines for improving patient safety by changing nurses' working conditions and demands. Licensed nurses and unlicensed nursing assistants are critical participants in our national effort to protect patients from health care errors. The nature of the activities nurses typically perform â€" monitoring patients, educating home caretakers, performing treatments, and rescuing patients who are in crisis â€" provides an indispensable resource in detecting and remedying error-producing defects in the U.S. health care system. During the past two decades, substantial changes have been made in the organization and delivery of health care â€" and consequently in the job description and work environment of nurses. As patients are increasingly cared for as outpatients, nurses in hospitals and nursing homes deal with greater severity of illness. Problems in management practices, employee deployment, work and workspace design, and the basic safety culture of health care organizations place patients at further risk. This newest edition in the groundbreaking Institute of Medicine Quality Chasm series discusses the key aspects of the work environment for nurses and reviews the potential improvements in working conditions that are likely to have an impact on patient safety.
Download or read book State Traffic Safety Information written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety Stock and Service Levels A New Approach written by Shaun Snapp and published by . This book was released on 2015-06-30 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Text at the top of the cover: A thoroughly researched explanation of how to leverage safety stock in systems for supply planning. Text in the wave in the center of the cover: This book explains many of the great misunderstandings that surround safety stock, including the aspect of safety stock that is missed on many practitioners. Safety stock is one of the most discussed inventory management parameters in supply chain management. However, safety stock is set very inefficiently at most companies. This observation comes from reviewing the safety stock settings at many companies on the part of the author. What is little known or at least little discussed is that the methods of setting safety stock within the vast majority of supply planning systems -- even supposedly advanced methods such as dynamic safety stock, miss out on many of the important attributes of safety stock setting. This book provides the full explanation of why, and then what to do about it. Safety stock is inherently linked to service levels. However, while many companies make bold proclamations surrounding service level attainment, they generally do not have good ways of quantitatively determining service levels. By reading this book you will: Understand the concepts and formula used for safety stock and service level setting. Common ways of setting safety stock. Service levels and inventory optimization applications. The best actual ways of setting both service levels and safety stock."
Download or read book Improving Motor Carrier Safety Measurement written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-01 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year roughly 100,000 fatal and injury crashes occur in the United States involving large trucks and buses. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) in the U.S. Department of Transportation works to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses. FMCSA uses information that is collected on the frequency of approximately 900 different violations of safety regulations discovered during (mainly) roadside inspections to assess motor carriers' compliance with Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, as well as to evaluate their compliance in comparison with their peers. Through use of this information, FMCSA's Safety Measurement System (SMS) identifies carriers to receive its available interventions in order to reduce the risk of crashes across all carriers. Improving Motor Carrier Safety Measurement examines the effectiveness of the use of the percentile ranks produced by SMS for identifying high-risk carriers, and if not, what alternatives might be preferred. In addition, this report evaluates the accuracy and sufficiency of the data used by SMS, to assess whether other approaches to identifying unsafe carriers would identify high-risk carriers more effectively, and to reflect on how members of the public use the SMS and what effect making the SMS information public has had on reducing crashes.
Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/
Download or read book Measuring State and Local Government Labor Productivity written by and published by U.S. Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1998 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue Long Term Health and Highway Safety written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are approximately 4,000 fatalities in crashes involving trucks and buses in the United States each year. Though estimates are wide-ranging, possibly 10 to 20 percent of these crashes might have involved fatigued drivers. The stresses associated with their particular jobs (irregular schedules, etc.) and the lifestyle that many truck and bus drivers lead, puts them at substantial risk for insufficient sleep and for developing short- and long-term health problems. Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue, Long-Term Health and Highway Safety assesses the state of knowledge about the relationship of such factors as hours of driving, hours on duty, and periods of rest to the fatigue experienced by truck and bus drivers while driving and the implications for the safe operation of their vehicles. This report evaluates the relationship of these factors to drivers' health over the longer term, and identifies improvements in data and research methods that can lead to better understanding in both areas.
