Download or read book Role of Eicosanoids on Cell mediated Immunity to Listeria Monocytogenes and Its Implications on Cancer Therapy written by Courtney Elizabeth McDougal and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Listeria monocytogenes] is an intracellular bacterium that elicits a robust CD8[+] T-cell response. Due to thisrobust response, it is both used as a model to understand how T-cell responses are primed, as well a cancer immunotherapeutic platform. Despite decades of research, intricacies as to how [L. monocytogenes] primes T-cell responses remains incompletely understood. We and others hypothesized that cytosolic innate pathways would be critical for generating immunity, as strains of [L. monocytogenes] that cannot access the cytosol fail to induce productive T-cell responses. Counterintuitively, however, activation of known cytosolic pathways such as type I IFN and inflammasomes lead to impaired responses. In this thesis, I identify the first known cytosolic innate pathway that is critical for generating immunity to [L. monocytogenes]. I show that production of lipid mediators of inflammation called eicosanoids, namely prostaglandin E[2] (PGE[2]) produced downstream of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), are critical for immunity. Immunization of mice deficient in PGE[2] have impaired CD8[+] T-cell responses. Importantly, cytosolic access is critical to induce this pathway. In vivo, infection with wild-type [L. monocytogenes] elicits a 10- fold increase in PGE[2] production whereas vacuole-constrained strains fail to induce PGE[2] over mock-immunized controls. Furthermore, I identify that macrophages and dendritic cells specifically produce PGE[2] during cytosolic infection. Finally, I show that PGE[2] signals on two different receptors during [L. monocytogenes] infection, EP3 and EP4. EP3 signaling is critical for [L. monocytogenes]-stimulated immunity, whereas EP4 signaling impairs immunity. Taken together, my work identifies the first known cytosolic pathway critical for immunity to [L. monocytogenes], and suggests a model by which cytosolically-infected macrophages and dendritic cells produce PGE2 which subsequently signals through the EP3 and EP4 receptors.
Download or read book Inflammasome Activation Impairs Cell mediated Immunity to Listeria Monocytogenes written by Erin M. Theisen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunity to Listeria Monocytogenes written by E R Unanue and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Immunology, a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Download or read book A Study In Vitro of Cell Mediated Immunity to Listeria Monocytogenes written by Tobi Lynn Jones and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Innate Immune Signaling During Listeria Monocytogenes Vaccination and Its Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy written by Zachary Taylor Morrow and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen that stimulates a robust CD8+ T-cell response and has been utilized for decades to understand various aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Due to its ability to stimulate CD8+ T-cells, L. monocytogenes has been developed as a safe anti-tumor vaccine platform. Efforts to understand how L. monocytogenes primes CD8+ T-cell responses led to the observation that L. monocytogenes that fail to access the host cytosol do not prime robust CD8+ T-cell responses. This led us to hypothesize that activation of a cytosol-specific innate immune pathway was necessary for the optimal T-cell response toward L. monocytogenes. Counterintuitively, I show that two cytosol-specific innate immune pathways activated by L. monocytogenes, the production of type I interferon, and inflammasome activation are actively detrimental to, or are dispensable for the T-cell response, respectively. Type I interferon impairs the formation of memory precursor effector cells, leading to deficits in protective immunity, and is likely acting on antigen presenting cells. I aided in identifying that macrophages and dendritic cells produce PGE2 during L. monocytogenes infection. The production of PGE2 is the first cytosol-specific innate immune pathway identified that is necessary for the optimal T-cell response toward L. monocytogenes. I show that PGE2 production is dependent on the calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and that calcium fluxes necessary for PGE2 production are likely emanating from inositol-triphosphate-signaling dependent endoplasmic reticulum receptors. Finally, in an altogether different approach, I show that L. monocytogenes can be engineered to express and secrete mammalian cytokines as an in-situ vaccine platform. Taken together, my work demonstrates how innate immune signaling informs adaptive T-cell responses during L. monocytogenes vaccination, and that L. monocytogenes can be engineered to modulate innate immune pathways resulting in a better vaccine platform. This thesis begins to unravel how the first cytosol-specific innate immune pathway necessary for T-cell priming is triggered and highlights new avenues for the therapeutic application of L. monocytogenes to combat cancer.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 866 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunopharmacology written by Manzoor M. Khan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decades, with the introduction of the recombinant DNA, hybridoma and transgenic technologies there has been an exponential evolution in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a large number of human diseases. The technologies are evident with the development of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents and the techniques used in gene therapy. Immunopharmacology is that area of biomedical sciences where immunology, pharmacology and pathology overlap. It concerns the pharmacological approach to the immune response in physiological as well as pathological events. This goals and objectives of this textbook are to emphasize the developments in immunology and pharmacology as they relate to the modulation of immune response. The information includes the pharmacology of cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, mechanism of action of immune-suppressive agents and their relevance in tissue transplantation, therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AIDS and the techniques employed in gene therapy. The book is intended for health care professional students and graduate students in pharmacology and immunology.
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bacterial Pathogenesis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Established almost 30 years ago, Methods in Microbiology is the most prestigious series devoted to techniques and methodology in the field. Now totally revamped, revitalized, with a new format and expanded scope, Methods in Microbiology will continue to provide you with tried and tested, cutting-edge protocols to directly benefit your research. Focuses on the methods most useful for the microbiologist interested in the way in which bacteria cause disease Includes section devoted to 'Approaches to characterising pathogenic mechanisms' by Stanley Falkow Covers safety aspects, detection, identification and speciation Includes techniques for the study of host interactions and reactions in animals and plants Describes biochemical and molecular genetic approaches Essential methods for gene expression and analysis Covers strategies and problems for disease control
Download or read book The Mononuclear Phagocyte System in Infectious Disease written by Geanncarlo Lugo-Villarino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-10-04 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mononuclear Phagocyte System (MPS) of vertebrates is composed of monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Together, they form part of the first line of immune defense against a variety of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses), and thus play an important role in maintaining organism homeostasis. The mode of transmission, type of replication and mechanism of disease-causing differ significantly for each pathogen, eliciting a unique immune response in the host. Within this context, the MPS acts as both the sentinel and tailor of the immune system. As sentinels, MPS cells are found in blood and within tissues throughout the body to patrol against pathogenic insult. The strategy to detect 'microbial non-self' relies on MPS to recognize conserved microbial products known as 'pathogen-associated molecular pattern' (PAMPs). PAMPs recognition represents a checkpoint in the response to pathogens and relies on conserved 'pattern recognition receptors' (PRRs). Upon PRR engagement, MPS mount a cell-autonomous attack that includes the internalization and compartmentalization of intracellular pathogens into toxic compartments that promote destruction. In parallel, MPS cells launch an inflammatory response composed of a cellular arm and soluble factors to control extracellular pathogens. In cases when innate immunity fails to eliminate the invading microbe, MPS serves as a tailor to generate adaptive immunity for pathogen eradication and generation of "memory" cells, thus ensuring enhanced protection against re-infection. Indeed, MPS cell functions comprise the capture, process, migration and delivery of antigenic information to lymphoid organs, where type-1 immunity is tailored against intracellular microbes and type-2 immunity against extracellular pathogens. However, this potent adaptive immunity is also a double-edge sword that can cause aberrant inflammatory disorders, like autoimmunity or chronic inflammation. For this reason, MPS also tailors tolerance immunity against unwanted inflammation. Successful clearance of the microbe results in its destruction and proper collection of debris, resolution of inflammation and tissue healing for which MPS is essential. Reciprocally, as part of the evolutionary process taking place in all organisms, microbes evolved strategies to circumvent the actions bestowed by MPS cells. Multiple pathogens modulate the differentiation, maturation and activation programs of the MPS, as an efficient strategy to avoid a dedicated immune response. Among the most common evasion strategies are the subversion of phagocytosis, inhibition of PRR-mediated immunity, resistance to intracellular killing by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, restriction of phagosome maturation, modulation of cellular metabolism and nutrient acquisition, regulation of cell death and autophagy, and modulation of pro-inflammatory responses and hijacking of tolerance mechanisms, among others. The tenet of this eBook is that a better understanding of MPS in infection will yield insights for development of therapeutics to enhance antimicrobial processes or dampen detrimental inflammation for the host's benefit. We believe that contributions to this topic will serve as a platform for discussion and debate about relevant issues and themes in this field. Our aim is to bring expert junior and senior scientists to address recent progress, highlight critical knowledge gaps, foment scientific exchange, and establish conceptual frameworks for future MPS investigation in the context of infectious disease.
Download or read book Rang Dale s Pharmacology written by James M. Ritter and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For 25 years, Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology has delivered the core basic and clinical science information required by students and healthcare practitioners worldwide. Authors H. P. Rang, J. M. Ritter, R. J. Flower, and G. Henderson have ensured that the 8th Edition of this easy-to-read, comprehensive text continues the tradition of excellence with new coverage of drugs affecting the skin and new components online at studentconsult.com. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader. Get the essential pharmacology information you need from one authoritative source with an outstanding global reputation for excellence. Progress confidently through all relevant aspects of pharmacology, beginning with a molecular understanding of receptors and drug actions through clinical uses of key groups of drugs. Find important content quickly thanks to a color-coded layout that enables easy navigation and cross-referencing. Master difficult concepts with Key Points boxes, Clinical Uses boxes, and full-color illustrations throughout. Stay up to date with new information in the field, including an all-new chapter on drugs that affect the skin. Take advantage of new and unique features online, including 500+ chapter-specific multiple choice questions for immediate self-assessment. eBook version included! For the first time, you can access the entire book online or offline across all devices with the Student Consult eBook!
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Cancer Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Task Force Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rang Dale s Pharmacology E Book written by James M. Ritter and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-05-13 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology is internationally acknowledged as the core textbook for students of pharmacology, and has provided accessible, up-to-date information on drugs and their mechanism of action for more than 30 years. Now in its tenth edition, it has been updated to include important new drugs such as gene therapies, personalised medicines and the new wave of RNA drugs. However it has not lost any of the elements that have contributed to its popularity, such as color coding and illustrations, making it reader-friendly while comprehensively covering the depth of detail required. This essential book is recommended as the first-choice undergraduate text for science and medical students and junior doctors and will also be useful for students in other professional disciplines such as pharmacy, veterinary medicine and nursing. Comprehensive information on drug mechanisms, basic physiology and biochemistry, and underlying pathophysiology of disease – suitable for students from many disciplines Clear figures to aid understanding, including data figures as well as mechanistic diagrams, Key points box summaries, clinical boxes and colour-coded chapters help to master difficult concepts Emphasis on therapeutic drugs to help apply theory to practice Over 150 questions and 12 clinical cases to test your knowledge New chapters on drugs and the eye and the pharmacological management of headache Revised information on biopharmaceuticals (including RNA drugs), antivirals (including Covid-19 therapies) as well as general principles of antimicrobial therapy. A completely revised and updated chapter on lifestyle drugs Recent advances in oxygen sensing and response to reduced oxygen tension Expanded chapters on dementia and analgesic drugs
