Download or read book Rock fluid Chemistry Impacts on Shale Hydraulic Fracture and Microfracture Growth written by Aderonke Aderibigbe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of surface chemical effects in hydraulic fracturing of shale is studied using the results of unconfined compression tests and Brazilian tests on Mancos shale- cored at depths of 20-60 ft. The rock mineralogy, total organic carbon and cation exchange capacity were determined in order to characterize the shale. Adsorption tests to study the interaction of the shale and aqueous fluid mixture were also carried out using surface tension measurements. The uniaxial compressive strengths and tensile strengths of individual shale samples after four hours exposure to water, 2.85 x 10^-3 M cationic surfactant (dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide-DTAB) and 2.81 x 10^-3 M anionic surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate-SDBS) were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. These mechanical strengths were largely reduced on exposure to the aqueous environments studied, despite the relatively low clay and low swelling clay content of the Mancos shale. Further comparison of the uniaxial compressive strengths and tensile strengths of the shale on exposure to water, to the strengths when exposed to the surfactant solutions showed that their difference was not statistically significant indicating that exposure to water had the greatest effect on strength loss. The surface tension measurement of 2.85 x 10^-4 M DTAB and 2.81 x 10^-4 M SDBS solutions before and after equilibration with shale showed about 80% increase in surface tension in the DTAB solution and 10% increase in surface tension in the SDBS solution. The probable sorption mechanism is electrostatic attraction with negatively charged sites of the shale as shown by significant loss of the cationic surfactant (DTAB) to the shale surface, and the relatively minor adsorption capacity of the anionic surfactant (SDBS). Although these adsorption tests indicate interaction between the shale and surfactant solutions, within the number of tests carried out and the surfactant concentration used, the interaction does not translate into a significant statistical difference for impacts of surfactants on mechanical strength of this shale compared to the impact of water alone. The relevance of this work is to facilitate the understanding of how the strength of rock can be reduced by the composition of hydraulic fracturing fluids, to achieve improved fracture performance and higher recovery of natural gas from shale reservoirs.
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing written by Frank R. Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a strong need for innovation and the development of viable renewable energy sources. Recent technological advances now allow natural gas supplies—previously believed inaccessible or nonexistent—to be discovered, mined, and processed for both industrial and consumer use. The technology, a controversial process that is alternatively called hydraulic fracturing, fracking, fracing, or hydrofracking, has greatly expanded natural gas production in the United States. Presenting a balanced discussion, Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing is a comprehensive guide to all aspects of hydraulic fracturing used to extract natural gas, along with gas exploration and production in various shale fields. As the use of hydraulic fracturing has grown, concerns about its environmental and public health impacts have also increased—one of the most significant concerns being the fluids that are injected into rock formations to cause the fracturing contain potentially hazardous chemical additives. The book covers all facets of the issue, including ongoing controversies about the environmental and operator safety issues arising from possible water pollution, drinking water contamination, on-the-job safety hazards, and harmful chemical exposure to workers and residents near well areas. The author discusses both the pros and cons of hydraulic fracturing, explaining the process in great detail. He describes the benefits of hydraulic fracturing and its importance in making the United States energy independent by drilling for its own resources, as well as the potential impacts to the surrounding environment. The text also includes suggestions and recommendations on how to mitigate environmental damage. Arguably the first book of its kind, this is the go-to text on the use and impacts of hydraulic fracturing.
Download or read book Water rock Interaction with Fracture Surfaces in a Unconventional Reservoir written by Amber E. Zandanel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana is a growing source of oil and gas production. However, shale and tight-oil reservoirs in the region have high rates of decline in production compared to conventional oil and gas extraction, severely limiting well life. The full reasons for these high decline rates are unclear and have been attributed to a number of causes, including porosity decrease from fines migration. Recent field and experimental studies have shown that water-rock interaction with hydraulic fracturing fluid can cause mineral precipitation in the reservoir subsurface. Experimental studies into water-rock interaction also suggest that reservoirs are sensitive to changes in mineral surface area and to oil adhering to the mineral grains. This study tests the potential effect on water-rock interaction of removing residual oil from unconventional reservoir rock at reservoir conditions as found in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming. Rock samples from the Parkman Sandstone in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming were combined with synthesized formation water at in-situ reservoir conditions and reacted for ~35 days to approach steady-state. A simulated hydraulic fracturing fluid was then injected and reactions proceeded for another ~35 days. Fluid samples were collected throughout the experiment. One experiments uses rocks chemically processed to remove residual oil (low-residual oil, or LRO) and one uses rocks that retain residual oil (high-residual oil, or HRO). All experiments use 0.5–1 cm rock cubes to emulate the interface between fractures and the rock matrix. Analyzed chemistry results from aqueous samples collected during the experiments indicate water-rock interaction with both carbonates and clay minerals. Observation of rock recovered from the experiments shows changes to mineralogy visible in microscope or SEM. Fluid results suggest that unconventional reservoir rock with less residual oil at the mineral face is more prone to carbonate dissolution than reservoir rock with residual oil at the fracture face. Little evidence of precipitation or dissolution was observed on the recovered rock after experiments; however, water-rock interaction at the timescales of these experiments is not likely to cause significant changes to in-situ reservoir porosity or permeability. The water-silicate interaction trend suggests that the fluid chemistry may favor smectite or other clay precipitation at timescales beyond those represented in the experiments.
Download or read book Plan to Study the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing on Drinking Water Resources written by U. S. Environmental Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-16 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas plays a key role in our nation's clean energy future. Recent advances in drilling technologies-including horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing-have made vast reserves of natural gas economically recoverable in the US. Responsible development of America's oil and gas resources offers important economic, energy security, and environmental benefits. Hydraulic fracturing is a well stimulation technique used to maximize production of oil and natural gas in unconventional reservoirs, such as shale, coalbeds, and tight sands. During hydraulic fracturing, specially engineered fluids containing chemical additives and proppant are pumped under high pressure into the well to create and hold open fractures in the formation. These fractures increase the exposed surface area of the rock in the formation and, in turn, stimulate the flow of natural gas or oil to the wellbore. As the use of hydraulic fracturing has increased, so have concerns about its potential environmental and human health impacts. Many concerns about hydraulic fracturing center on potential risks to drinking water resources, although other issues have been raised. In response to public concern, the US Congress directed the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to conduct scientific research to examine the relationship between hydraulic fracturing and drinking water resources. This study plan represents an important milestone in responding to the direction from Congress. EPA is committed to conducting a study that uses the best available science, independent sources of information, and a transparent, peer-reviewed process that will ensure the validity and accuracy of the results. The Agency will work in consultation with other federal agencies, state and interstate regulatory agencies, industry, non-governmental organizations, and others in the private and public sector in carrying out this study. Stakeholder outreach as the study is being conducted will continue to be a hallmark of our efforts, just as it was during the development of this study plan. The overall purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship, if any, between hydraulic fracturing and drinking water resources. More specifically, the study has been designed to assess the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing on drinking water resources and to identify the driving factors that affect the severity and frequency of any impacts. Based on the increasing development of shale gas resources in the US, and the comments EPA received from stakeholders, this study emphasizes hydraulic fracturing in shale formations. Portions of the research, however, are also intended to provide information on hydraulic fracturing in coalbed methane and tight sand reservoirs. The scope of the research includes the hydraulic fracturing water use lifecycle, which is a subset of the greater hydrologic cycle. For the purposes of this study, the hydraulic fracturing water lifecycle begins with water acquisition from surface or ground water and ends with discharge into surface waters or injection into deep wells. Specifically, the water lifecycle for hydraulic fracturing consists of water acquisition, chemical mixing, well injection, flowback and produced water (collectively referred to as "hydraulic fracturing wastewater"), and wastewater treatment and waste disposal.
Download or read book Lost Circulation and Wellbore Strengthening written by Yongcun Feng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the underlying mechanisms of lost circulation and wellbore strengthening, presenting a comprehensive, yet concise, overview of the fundamental studies on lost circulation and wellbore strengthening in the oil and gas industry, as well as a detailed discussion on the limitations of the wellbore strengthening methods currently used in industry. It provides several advanced analytical and numerical models for lost circulation and wellbore strengthening simulations under realistic conditions, as well as their results to illustrate the capabilities of the models and to investigate the influences of key parameters. In addition, experimental results are provided for a better understanding of the subject. The book provides useful information for drilling and completion engineers wishing to solve the problem of lost circulation using wellbore strengthening techniques. It is also a valuable resource for industrial researchers and graduate students pursuing fundamental research on lost circulation and wellbore strengthening, and can be used as a supplementary reference for college courses, such as drilling and completion engineering and petroleum geomechanics.
Download or read book Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geomechanical and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Covering hydrocarbon-bearing formations, horizontal drilling, reservoir seismology and environmental impacts, this is an invaluable resource for geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers.
Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.
Download or read book Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs written by Ronald A. Nelson and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1985 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reservoir Formation Damage written by Faruk Civan and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-07 with total page 1097 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reservoir Formation Damage: Fundamentals, Modeling, Assessment, and Mitigation, Fourth Edition gives engineers a structured layout to predict and improve productivity, providing strategies, recent developments and methods for more successful operations. Updated with many new chapters, including completion damage effects for fractured wells, flow assurance, and fluid damage effects, the book will help engineers better tackle today's assets. Additional new chapters include bacterial induced formation damage, new aspects of chemically induced formation damage, and new field application designs and cost assessments for measures and strategies. Additional procedures for unconventional reservoirs get the engineer up to date. Structured to progress through your career, Reservoir Formation Damage, Fourth Edition continues to deliver a trusted source for both petroleum and reservoir engineers. - Covers new applications through case studies and test questions - Bridges theory and practice, with detailed illustrations and a structured progression of chapter topics - Considers environmental aspects, with new content on water control, conformance and produced water reinjection
Download or read book Modern Fracturing written by Michael J. Economides and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Natural gas is rapidly emerging as a premier fuel for the world economy with markedly increasing trans-national trade. With proven reserves far exceeding those for crude oil, natural gas is likely to be around for centuries. This is a book about enhancing natural gas production using one of the most important and widespread well completion technologies -- hydraulic fracturing. The book addresses the way that natural gas is produced from reservoirs and then describes diagnostic techniques that can pinpoint whether the well is producing as it should or whether intervention should be undertaken, which is the central theme of this book."--Back cover.
Download or read book Shale Reservoirs written by John Breyer and published by AAPG. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardcover plus CD
Download or read book Mathematical Theory of Oil and Gas Recovery written by P. Bedrikovetsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a pleasure to be asked to write the foreword to this interesting new book. When Professor Bedrikovetsky first accepted my invitation to spend an extended sabbatical period in the Department of Mineral Resources Engineering at Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, I hoped it would be a period of fruitful collaboration. This book, a short course and a variety of technical papers are tangible evidence of a successful stay in the UK. I am also pleased that Professor Bedrikovetsky acted on my suggestion to publish this book with Kluwer as part of the petroleum publications for which I am Series Editor. The book derives much of its origin from the unpublished Doctor of Science thesis which Professor Bedrikovetsky prepared in Russian while at the Gubkin Institute. The original DSc contained a number of discrete publications unified by an analytical mathematics approach to fluid flow in petroleum reservoirs. During his sabbatical stay at Imperial College, Professor Bedrikovetsky has refined and extended many of the chapters and has discussed each one with internationally recognised experts in the field. He received great encouragement and editorial advice from Dr Gren Rowan, who pioneered analytical methods in reservoir modelling at BP for many years.
Download or read book Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics written by Erling Fjær and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-01-04 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineers and geologists in the petroleum industry will find Petroleum Related Rock Mechanics, 2e, a powerful resource in providing a basis of rock mechanical knowledge - a knowledge which can greatly assist in the understanding of field behavior, design of test programs and the design of field operations. Not only does this text give an introduction to applications of rock mechanics within the petroleum industry, it has a strong focus on basics, drilling, production and reservoir engineering. Assessment of rock mechanical parameters is covered in depth, as is acoustic wave propagation in rocks, with possible link to 4D seismics as well as log interpretation. - Learn the basic principles behind rock mechanics from leading academic and industry experts - Quick reference and guide for engineers and geologists working in the field - Keep informed and up to date on all the latest methods and fundamental concepts
Download or read book The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting written by Christopher H. Scholz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-05-02 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our understanding of earthquakes and faulting processes has developed significantly since publication of the successful first edition of this book in 1990. This revised edition, first published in 2002, was therefore thoroughly up-dated whilst maintaining and developing the two major themes of the first edition. The first of these themes is the connection between fault and earthquake mechanics, including fault scaling laws, the nature of fault populations, and how these result from the processes of fault growth and interaction. The second major theme is the central role of the rate-state friction laws in earthquake mechanics, which provide a unifying framework within which a wide range of faulting phenomena can be interpreted. With the inclusion of two chapters explaining brittle fracture and rock friction from first principles, this book is written at a level which will appeal to graduate students and research scientists in the fields of seismology, physics, geology, geodesy and rock mechanics.
Download or read book Advances in Carbonate Exploration and Reservoir Analysis written by Joanna Garland and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2012 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonate reservoirs contain an increasingly important percentage of the worlds hydrocarbon reserves. This volume presents key recent advances in carbonate exploration and reservoir analysis.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Field Exploration and Development Conference 2021 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 5829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on reservoir surveillance and management, reservoir evaluation and dynamic description, reservoir production stimulation and EOR, ultra-tight reservoir, unconventional oil and gas resources technology, oil and gas well production testing, and geomechanics. This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 11th International Field Exploration and Development Conference (IFEDC 2021). The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience, but also promotes the development of scientific research in oil & gas exploration and production. The main audience for the work includes reservoir engineer, geological engineer, enterprise managers, senior engineers as well as professional students.
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 3rd International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2019). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.
