Download or read book Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic written by Jeremiah McCall and published by Pen and Sword History. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of how some Roman aristocrats grew so competitive in their political rivalries that they destroyed their Republic, in the late second to mid-first century BCE. Politics had always been a fractious game at Rome as aristocratic competitors strove to outshine one another in elected offices and honors, all ostensibly in the name of serving the Republic. And for centuries it had worked - or at least worked for these elite and elitist competitors. Enemies were defeated, glory was spread round the ruling class, and the empire of the Republic steadily grew. When rivalries grew too bitter, when aristocrats seemed headed toward excessive power, the oligarchy of the Roman Senate would curb its more competitive members, fostering consensus that allowed the system—the competitive arena for offices and honors, and the domination of the Senate—to continue. But as Rome came to rule much of the Mediterranean, aristocratic competitions grew too fierce; the prizes for winning were too great. And so, a series of bitter rivalries combined with the social and political pressures of the day to disintegrate the Republic. This is the story of those bitter rivalries from the senatorial debates of Fabius and Scipio, to the censorial purges of Cato; from the murders of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, to the ultimate rivalry of Caesar and Pompey. A work of historical investigation, Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic introduces readers not only to the story of the Republic's collapse but the often-scarce and problematic evidence from which the story of these actors and their struggles is woven.
Download or read book Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic written by Jeremiah McCall and published by Pen and Sword History. This book was released on 2022-09-21 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of how some Roman aristocrats grew so competitive in their political rivalries that they destroyed their Republic, in the late second to mid-first century BCE. Politics had always been a fractious game at Rome as aristocratic competitors strove to outshine one another in elected offices and honors, all ostensibly in the name of serving the Republic. And for centuries it had worked - or at least worked for these elite and elitist competitors. Enemies were defeated, glory was spread round the ruling class, and the empire of the Republic steadily grew. When rivalries grew too bitter, when aristocrats seemed headed toward excessive power, the oligarchy of the Roman Senate would curb its more competitive members, fostering consensus that allowed the system—the competitive arena for offices and honors, and the domination of the Senate—to continue. But as Rome came to rule much of the Mediterranean, aristocratic competitions grew too fierce; the prizes for winning were too great. And so, a series of bitter rivalries combined with the social and political pressures of the day to disintegrate the Republic. This is the story of those bitter rivalries from the senatorial debates of Fabius and Scipio, to the censorial purges of Cato; from the murders of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, to the ultimate rivalry of Caesar and Pompey. A work of historical investigation, Rivalries that Destroyed the Roman Republic introduces readers not only to the story of the Republic's collapse but the often-scarce and problematic evidence from which the story of these actors and their struggles is woven.
Download or read book Mortal Republic written by Edward J. Watts and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2018-11-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn why the Roman Republic collapsed -- and how it could have continued to thrive -- with this insightful history from an award-winning author. In Mortal Republic, prize-winning historian Edward J. Watts offers a new history of the fall of the Roman Republic that explains why Rome exchanged freedom for autocracy. For centuries, even as Rome grew into the Mediterranean's premier military and political power, its governing institutions, parliamentary rules, and political customs successfully fostered negotiation and compromise. By the 130s BC, however, Rome's leaders increasingly used these same tools to cynically pursue individual gain and obstruct their opponents. As the center decayed and dysfunction grew, arguments between politicians gave way to political violence in the streets. The stage was set for destructive civil wars -- and ultimately the imperial reign of Augustus. The death of Rome's Republic was not inevitable. In Mortal Republic, Watts shows it died because it was allowed to, from thousands of small wounds inflicted by Romans who assumed that it would last forever.
Download or read book Cataclysm 90 BC written by Philip Matyszak and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2014-11-30 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dramatic account of a rebellion against the Roman republic—by a confederation of its Italian allies. We know of Rome’s reputation for military success against foreign enemies. Yet at the start of the first century BC, Rome faced a hostile army less than a week’s march from the capital. It is probable that only a swift surrender prevented the city from being attacked and sacked. Before that point, three Roman consuls had died in battle, and two Roman armies had been soundly defeated—not in some faraway field, but in the heartland of Italy. So who was this enemy that so comprehensively knocked Rome to its knees? What army could successfully challenge the legions which had been undefeated from Spain to the Euphrates? And why is that success almost unknown today? These questions are answered in this book, a military and political history of the Social War. It tells the story of the revolt of Rome’s Italian allies (socii in Latin), who wanted citizenship—and whose warriors had all the advantages of the Roman army that they usually fought alongside. It came down to a clash of generals—with the Roman rivals Gaius Marius and Cornelius Sulla spending almost as much time in political intrigue as in combat with the enemy. With its interplay of such personalities as the young Cicero, Cato, and Pompey—and filled with high-stakes politics, full-scale warfare, assassination, personal sacrifice, and desperate measures such as raising an army of freed slaves—Cataclysm 90 BC provides not just a rich historical account but a taut, fast-paced tale.
Download or read book The Two Great Republics Rome and the United States written by James Hamilton Lewis and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproduction of the original: The Two Great Republics: Rome and the United States by James Hamilton Lewis
Download or read book Swords Against The Senate written by Erik Hildinger and published by Da Capo Press. This book was released on 2008-11-05 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first century B.C., Rome was the ruler of a vast empire. Yet at the heart of the Republic was a fatal flaw: a dangerous hostility between the aristocracy and the plebians, each regarding itself as the foundation of Rome's military power. Turning from their foreign enemies, Romans would soon be fighting Romans.Swords Against the Senate describes the first three decades of Rome's century-long civil war that transformed it from a republic to an imperial autocracy, from the Rome of citizen leaders to the Rome of decadent emperor thugs. As the republic came apart amid turmoil, Gaius Marius, the "people's general," rose to despotic power only to be replaced by the brutal dictator Sulla. The Roman army, once invincible against foreign antagonists, became a tool for the powerful, and the Roman Senate its foe.
Download or read book The Failure of the Roman Republic written by R. E. Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: R. E. Smith attempts to explain and interpret the failure of the Roman Republic in the first century BC.
Download or read book The Failure of the Roman Republic written by Richard Edwin Smith and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Fall of the Roman Republic written by Charles Merivale and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1872. The publishing house Anatiposi publishes historical books as reprints. Due to their age, these books may have missing pages or inferior quality. Our aim is to preserve these books and make them available to the public so that they do not get lost.
Download or read book Uncommon Wrath written by Josiah Osgood and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dual biography of Julius Caesar and Cato the Younger that offers a dire warning: republics collapse when partisanship overrides the common good. In Uncommon Wrath, historian Josiah Osgood tells the story of how the political rivalry between Julius Caesar and Marcus Cato precipitated the end of the Roman Republic. As the champions of two dominant but distinct visions for Rome, Caesar and Cato each represented qualities that had made the Republic strong, but their ideological differences entrenched into enmity and mutual fear. The intensity of their collective factions became a tribal divide, hampering their ability to make good decisions and undermining democratic government. The men’s toxic polarity meant that despite their shared devotion to the Republic, they pushed it into civil war. Deeply researched and compellingly told, Uncommon Wrath is a groundbreaking biography of two men whose hatred for each other destroyed the world they loved.
Download or read book Sulla written by and published by . This book was released on 2020-06 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of ancient accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading "If Sulla could, why can't I?" - Pompey the Great When the topic of Roman dictators during the 1st century BCE comes up, one name instantly springs to mind. In 49 BCE, the "die was cast" as Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon at the head of the 13th Legion and ushered in a civil war that permanently destroyed the Roman Republic, leaving a line of emperors in its place. Caesar's legacy is so strong that his name has become, in many languages, synonymous with power: the emperors of Austria and Germany bore the title Kaiser, and the czars of Russia also owe the etymology of their title to Caesar. His name also crept further eastward out of Europe, even cropping up in Hindi and Urdu, where the term for "emperor" is Kaisar. However, it's quite possible that none of what Caesar did would've happened without the template for such actions being set by Lucius Cornelius Sulla 40 years earlier. At the time, when Caesar was in his teens, war was being waged both on the Italian peninsula and abroad, with domestic politics pitting the conservative, aristocratic optimates against the populist, reformist populares, and this tension ultimately escalated into an all-out war. One of the leading populares was his Caesar's uncle, Gaius Marius, a military visionary who had restructured the legions and extended the privileges of land ownership and citizenship to legionaries on condition of successful completion of a fixed term of service. In the late 2nd century BCE, Marius had waged a successful campaign against several Germanic tribes, and after earning eternal fame in the Eternal City, Marius was appointed a consul several times, but in 88 BCE he entered into conflict with his erstwhile protégé, the optimate Sulla, over command of the army to be dispatched against Mithridates of Pontus, a long-time enemy of Rome and its Greek allies. Ironically, Marius's reforms had made the legions fiercely loyal to their individual generals rather than the state, which allowed Sulla to march his army against Rome and force Marius into exile. With that, Rome's first civil war was officially underway, but Sulla's triumph proved short-lived, however. Just as Sulla departed for a campaign, Marius returned at the head of a scratch army of veterans and mercenaries, taking over the city and purging it of Sulla's optimate supporters, and though Marius died in 86 BCE, his party remained in power. Upon his successful return to Rome, Sulla proclaimed himself Dictator, an all-powerful legislative authority which normally could be only vested in times of extraordinary crisis and never for more than a period of six months. Sulla's supporters went on a rampage across Rome, and some of them disinterred Marius's body and dismembered it before throwing the pieces into the Tiber River. Of course, the purge included the murder of Marius's most prominent supporters as well, all in an effort to allow Sulla to proclaim himself Dictator for life. In the process, Caesar was a natural target and went into exile, putting him on the path to one of history's most legendary military careers. Sulla had become renowned in Rome as a general during the Jugurthine, Social, and Mithridatic Wars, but naturally he is now remembered for the gruesome acts committed during his tenure as Rome's first lifelong dictator. Sulla's unprecedented period of one-man rule is viewed by many historians as a means of re-establishing peace and order in Roman politics while safeguarding the Republican system from abuse by powerful individuals. In other words, with no small amount of irony, Sulla justified assuming sole power temporarily to prevent others from doing so in the future. However, there are also those who believe that Sulla was just another ambitious politician who wanted to seize power for himself.
Download or read book A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic written by Jane DeRose Evans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to the Archaeology of the Roman Republic offers a diversity of perspectives to explore how differing approaches and methodologies can contribute to a greater understanding of the formation of the Roman Republic. Brings together the experiences and ideas of archaeologists from around the world, with multiple backgrounds and areas of interest Offers a vibrant exploration of the ways in which archaeological methods can be used to explore different elements of the Roman Republican period Demonstrates that the Republic was not formed in a vacuum, but was influenced by non-Latin-speaking cultures from throughout the Mediterranean region Enables archaeological thinking in this area to be made accessible both to a more general audience and as a valuable addition to existing discourse Investigates the archaeology of the Roman Republican period with reference to material culture, landscape, technology, identity and empire
Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic written by Harriet I. Flower and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition examines all aspects of Roman history, and contains a new introduction, three new chapters and updated bibliographies.
Download or read book The Failure of the Roman Republic written by Richard Edwin Smith and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Sword of Rome written by Jeremiah McCall and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fascinating biography of the ancient Roman military commander and politician who led the Siege of Syracuse during the Second Punic War. The military exploits of Marcus Claudius Marcellus were largely unmatched in the Roman Middle Republic. As a young soldier in the First Punic War, he won a reputation for his skill in single combat. In his first consulship, he slayed the Gallic chieftain Britomartus in single combat, thus earning the spolia opima, an honor which had only been earned twice before, once by Romulus himself. Marcellus defeated the hitherto-invincible Hannibal in a small battle, then led an army to conquer Syracuse in an epic two-year siege—which was achieved despite the ingenious defensive measures of the inventor Archimedes. Yet, despite his great success as a warrior and commander, Marcellus met with considerable political opposition in Rome. This thrilling biography offers an insightful perspective on the military and political struggles of the Roman Middle Republic and the role of military successes in the aristocratic culture of the time. Sword of Rome was previously published as Sword of the Republic.
Download or read book The Fall of the Republic written by Scott Savitz and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 63 B.C., Catilina-an angry, corrupt politician-conspired with foreign powers and criminal elements to overthrow the Roman Republic. Exploiting those who suffered from inequality, he sought to destroy the republic in the name of the people. In the end, he nearly achieved through violence what he could not attain by inciting the masses with lies. This true story of the near-destruction of a great republic contains poignant lessons for the ages.
Download or read book The Collapse of the Roman Republic written by Don Nardo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the often chaotic events and larger-than-life personalities of the fateful last republican century and discusses the power struggles which gave way to a dictatorship.
