Download or read book Reward and Decision Making in Corticobasal Ganglia Networks Volume 1104 written by Bernard W. Balleine and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2007-07-10 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The neural bases of decision-making processes are currently generating considerable experimental and theoretical interest. Several recent developments in neuroscience, psychology, and economics have helped to focus thinking on this issue: the computational description of cortico-striatal networks in terms of reinforcement learning models, recognition that midbrain dopaminergic activity could reflect an error correction learning signal, improvements in imaging technology, the recognition that multiple controllers of actions and of values contribute to the development of adaptive behavior, and the recognition that theories of value derived from economics can provide a principled means of incorporating intangible factors such as risk, uncertainty, and temporal discounting into computational models of neural system. The contributions to this volume are forward-looking assessments of the current and future issues likely to be faced by researchers in this area. Four current issues are specifically addressed: - the degree to which distinct behavioral and psychological capacities map onto discrete neural systems; - the relationship between midbrain dopamine activity and reward in terms of phasic and tonic activity, prefrontal and striatal targets, and whether and what limits exist in terms of learning; - whether there are multiple prediction error signals distinguishing between, for example, reward and punishment, instrumental versus Pavlovian conditioning, goals and habits, learning with different discount factors, real versus fictive learning; and - the relationship between economics and neuroscience, which has recently emerged in a marriage to form the new field of neuroeconomics. Will this marriage be productive for the long term or swiftly head for divorce? NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit www.nyas.org/membership/main.asp for more information about becoming a member.
Download or read book Concussive Brain Trauma written by Rolland S. Parker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on a public health problem affecting millions of people of all ages, the second edition of Concussive Brain Trauma: Neurobehavioral Impairment and Maladaptation reflects Dr. Rolland S. Parker's more than 25 years of neuropsychological practice and research in traumatic brain injury and stress, and his prior experience as a clinical psychol
Download or read book Goal Directed Decision Making written by Richard W. Morris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Goal-Directed Decision Making: Computations and Neural Circuits examines the role of goal-directed choice. It begins with an examination of the computations performed by associated circuits, but then moves on to in-depth examinations on how goal-directed learning interacts with other forms of choice and response selection. This is the only book that embraces the multidisciplinary nature of this area of decision-making, integrating our knowledge of goal-directed decision-making from basic, computational, clinical, and ethology research into a single resource that is invaluable for neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists alike. The book presents discussions on the broader field of decision-making and how it has expanded to incorporate ideas related to flexible behaviors, such as cognitive control, economic choice, and Bayesian inference, as well as the influences that motivation, context and cues have on behavior and decision-making. Details the neural circuits functionally involved in goal-directed decision-making and the computations these circuits perform Discusses changes in goal-directed decision-making spurred by development and disorders, and within real-world applications, including social contexts and addiction Synthesizes neuroscience, psychology and computer science research to offer a unique perspective on the central and emerging issues in goal-directed decision-making
Download or read book Clinical Applications of Learning Theory written by Mark Haselgrove and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines a variety of psychological disorders from the perspective of the psychology of learning. Grounded in the study of classical and instrumental conditioning, learning theory provides an explanatory framework for the way in which humans acquire information, and when applied, how abnormalities in learning may give rise to clinical conditions. This edited volume addresses a wide range of clinically relevant issues in chapters written by international experts in each field. Individual chapters present experimental research into the neuropsychological basis of the acquisition of fears, phobias and clinical aversions, the placebo and nocebo effects, the psychology of drug addiction and relapse following clinical treatment, as well as the role of learning in Tourette’s syndrome, depression and schizophrenia. This book will be particularly useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students of clinical psychology, behavioural neuroscience and those studying the applications of learning theory to clinical or psychiatric research.
Download or read book Biosocial Interplay During Elementary School written by Pol A.C. van Lier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the effects of social relations during primary school on children’s neurobiology and pathways to maladaptation. It explores the ways in which after the transition to primary education children, supervised by teachers, need to function with their peers. The volume addresses issues affecting 10% to 20% of children who become poorly accepted or victimized by peers, receive low support by teachers or even have conflictual relations with teachers, and may perceive the classroom as a whole as nonsupportive. Key areas of coverage include: Detrimental effects of such social experiences, providing an overview of how such experiences affect children’s neurobiology factors to understand why these children develop maladaptive outcomes. Manifestations of social relations, their complexity, interrelations, and pathways leading to the maladaptive outcomes. How genetic factors may evoke children’s social environment and make them susceptible to its impact (e.g., findings on DNA methylation at both epigenome-wide level as well as on particular loci on candidate genes). Links between social environmental stressors and the psychophysiology of elementary school children and reviews both links with the autonomic nervous system as well as with the HPA-axis. The impact of social experiences on neurocognitive function development, decision making, and structural and functional brain development and discusses implications for research, prevention, and intervention. Biosocial Interplay During Elementary School is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians and other professionals in clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, educational psychology/policy and politics, social work, neuroscience, public health, and all related disciplines.
Download or read book Bayesian Brain written by Kenji Doya and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental and theoretical neuroscientists use Bayesian approaches to analyze the brain mechanisms of perception, decision-making, and motor control.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Human Affective Neuroscience written by Jorge Armony and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-21 with total page 983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscientific research on emotion has developed dramatically over the past decade. The cognitive neuroscience of human emotion, which has emerged as the new and thriving area of 'affective neuroscience', is rapidly rendering existing overviews of the field obsolete. This handbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date and authoritative survey of knowledge and topics investigated in this cutting-edge field. It covers a range of topics, from face and voice perception to pain and music, as well as social behaviors and decision making. The book considers and interrogates multiple research methods, among them brain imaging and physiology measurements, as well as methods used to evaluate behavior and genetics. Editors Jorge Armony and Patrik Vuilleumier have enlisted well-known and active researchers from more than twenty institutions across three continents, bringing geographic as well as methodological breadth to the collection. This timely volume will become a key reference work for researchers and students in the growing field of neuroscience.
Download or read book Disorders of Movement written by Davide Martino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise but comprehensive book will help interested readers in the health care professions to navigate their way through the jungle of movement disorders, including the potentially complex differential diagnosis and management. The different disorders are discussed in individual sections that explain how to examine the patient and recognize the disorder from its basic phenomenology, how to confirm a diagnosis, how to distinguish a particular disorder from related conditions, and how to treat each disorder effectively. The book makes liberal use of diagrams, algorithms, tables, summary boxes, and illustrations to facilitate solution of clinical problems at the bedside and to solidify previously learned clinical and therapeutic concepts. It will be of interest to a broad audience of health professionals, scientists, and medical students.
Download or read book Human and Animal Models for Translational Research on Neurodegeneration Challenges and Opportunities From South America written by Agustín Ibáñez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases are the most frequent cause of dementia, representing a burden for public health systems (especially in middle and middle-high income countries). Although most research on this issue is concentrated in first-world centers, growing efforts in South America are affording important breakthroughs. This emerging agenda poses new challenges for the region but also new opportunities for the field. This book aims to integrate the community of experts across the globe and the region, and to establish new challenges and developments for future investigation. We present research focused on neurodegenerative research in South America. We introduce studies assessing the interplay among genetic, neural, and behavioral dimensions of these diseases, as well as articles on vulnerability factors, comparisons of findings from various countries, and works promoting multicenter and collaborative networking. More generally, our book covers a broad scope of human-research approaches (behavioral assessment, neuroimaging, electromagnetic techniques, brain connectivity, peripheral measures), animal methodologies (genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, other molecular biology tools), species (all human and non-human animals, sporadic, and genetic versions), and article types (original research, review, and opinion papers). Through this wide-ranging proposal, we hope to introduce a fresh approach to the challenges and opportunities of research on neurodegeneration in South America.
Download or read book The Handbook of Disgust Research written by Philip A. Powell and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together the world's leading experts on disgust to fully explore this understudied behavior. Disgust is unique among emotions. It is, at once, perhaps the most “basic” and visceral of feelings while also being profoundly shaped by learning and culture. Evident from the earliest months of life, disgust influences individual behavior and shapes societies across political, social, economic, legal, ecological, and health contexts. As an emotion that evolved to prevent our eating contaminated foods, disgust is now known to motivate wider behaviors, social processes, and customs. On a global scale, disgust finds a place in population health initiatives, from hand hygiene to tobacco warning labels, and may underlie aversions to globalization and other progressive agendas, such as those regarding sustainable consumption and gay marriage. This comprehensive work provides cutting‐edge, timely, and succinct theoretical and empirical contributions illustrating the breadth, rigor, relevance, and increasing maturity of disgust research to modern life. It is relevant to a wide range of psychological research and is particularly important to behavior viewed through an evolutionary lens, As such, it will stimulate further research and clinical applications that allow for a broader conceptualization of human behavior. The reader will find: Succinct and accessible summaries of key perspectives Highlights of new scientific developments A rich blend of theoretical and empirical chapters
Download or read book Handbook of Basal Ganglia Structure and Function written by Heinz Steiner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-03-17 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Basal Ganglia comprise a group of forebrain nuclei that are interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus and brainstem. Basal ganglia circuits are involved in various functions, including motor control and learning, sensorimotor integration, reward and cognition. The importance of these nuclei for normal brain function and behavior is emphasized by the numerous and diverse disorders associated with basal ganglia dysfunction, including Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome, Huntington’s disease, obsessive-compulsive disorder, dystonia, and psychostimulant addiction. The Handbook of Basal Ganglia provides a comprehensive overview of the structural and functional organization of the basal ganglia, with special emphasis on the progress achieved over the last 10-15 years. Organized in six parts, the volume describes the general anatomical organization and provides a review of the evolution of the basal ganglia, followed by detailed accounts of recent advances in anatomy, cellular/molecular, and cellular/physiological mechanisms, and our understanding of the behavioral and clinical aspects of basal ganglia function and dysfunction. Synthesizes widely dispersed information on the behavioral neurobiology of the basal ganglia, including advances in the understanding of anatomy, cell-molecular and cell-physiological mechanisms, and behavioral/clinical aspects of function and dysfunction Features a truly international cast of the preeminent researchers in the field Fully explores the clinically relevant impact of the basal ganglia on various psychiatric and neurological diseases
Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Human Action written by Ezequiel Morsella and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade, there has been a tremendous surge of research on the mechanisms of human action. This volume brings together this new knowledge in a single, concise source, covering most if not all of the basic questions regarding human action: What are the mechanisms by which action plans are acquired (learned), mentally represented, activated, selected, and expressed? The chapters provide up-to-date summaries of the published research on this question, with an emphasis on underlying mechanisms.This 'bible' of action research brings together the current thinking of eminent researchers in the domains of motor control, behavioral and cognitive neuroscience, psycholinguistics, biology, as well as cognitive, developmental, social, and motivational psychology. It represents a determined multidisciplinary effort, spanning across various areas of science as well as national boundaries.
Download or read book Neurobiology of Decision Making written by Antonio R. Damasio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience has paid only little attention to decision-making for many years. Although no field of science has cohered around this topic, a variety of researchers in different areas of neuroscience ranging from cellular physiology to neuropsychology and computational neuroscience have been engaged in working on this issue. Thus, the time seemed to be ripe to bring these researchers together and discuss the state of the art of the neurobiology of decision-making in a broad forum. This book is a collection of contributions presented at that forum in Paris in October 1994 organized by the Fondation IPSEN.
Download or read book Electroceuticals written by Arshad Majid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in the use of electrostimulation therapies in movement disorders, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, memory and cognition, disorders of consciousness, foot drop, dysphagia, brain injury, headache, heart failure, hearing loss, and rheumatoid arthritis. It describes techniques such as vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and electrical stimulation of the pharyngeal nerve. Electroceuticals: Advances in Electrostimulation Therapies is aimed at clinicians and basic researchers in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, cardiology and rheumatology.
Download or read book The Orbitofrontal Cortex written by David H. Zald and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006-10-12 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Orbitofronal Cortex plays a critical role in emotion, smell, and personality. This is the definitive volume on a brain region hitherto neglected in the neurosciences literature. It brings together world leaders in neuroscience to provide a comprehensive, integrative account of this region--one that will be the standard source for years to come.
Download or read book Decision Making Affect and Learning written by Mauricio R. Delgado and published by Attention and Performance. This book was released on 2011-03-24 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on decision making and emotional processing, investigating the psychological and neural systems underlying decision making, and the relationship with reward, affect, and learning. Considers neurodevelopmental and clinical aspects and looks at the applied aspects for other disciplines, including neuroeconomics.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation written by Richard M. Ryan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-15 with total page 1805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivation is that which moves us to action. Human motivation is thus a complex issue, as people are moved to action by both their evolved natures and by myriad familial, social and cultural influences. The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation collects the top theorists and researchers of human motivation into a single volume, capturing the current state-of-the-art in this fast developing field. The book includes theoretical overviews from some of the best-known thinkers in this area, including chapters on Social Learning Theory, Control Theory, Self-determination theory, Terror Management theory, and the Promotion and Prevention perspective. Topical chapters appear on phenomena such as ego-depletion, flow, curiosity, implicit motives, and personal interests. A section specifically highlights goal research, including chapters on goal regulation, achievement goals, the dynamics of choice, unconscious goals and process versus outcome focus. Still other chapters focus on evolutionary and biological underpinnings of motivation, including chapters on cardiovascular dynamics, mood, and neuropsychology. Finally, chapters bring motivation down to earth in reviewing its impact within relationships, and in applied areas such as psychotherapy, work, education, sport, and physical activity. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.
