Download or read book Residual Feed Intake net Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improvement of Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle Through Selection Upon Residual Feed Intake RFI written by Nicholas Oliver Minton and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selecting beef cattle which metabolically are more efficient at converting feed into gain or body weight maintenance is one way to reduce feed cost in beef production. Residual feed intake (RFI) is one trait used to identify animals which are metabolically feed efficient or inefficient. Trials in the current study investigated whether animal RFI varies between trials conducted at two different stages of maturity and the influence on progeny feed efficiency when sires and dams of known RFI phenotypes are mated. We further investigated whether RFI measured postweaning or later in maturity more accurately predicted progeny feed efficiency in addition to whether ribeye area and body composition varied between steers from either RFI- or RFI+ dams. Reranking in RFI of animals did occur between trials, however; RFI phenotype was correlated (rp = 0.54; P [lesser than] 0.01) between postweaning and mature trials indicating animals identified as feed efficient or inefficient remain feed efficient or inefficient further into maturity. More efficiently mated RFI- sires and dams produced heifer and steer progeny with higher feed efficiencies (P [lesser than] 0.05; P [lesser than] 0.10, respectively) with no difference in average daily gain (P = 0.52) in comparison to progeny from RFI+ sires and dams. Postweaning dam RFI phenotype showed stronger correlations to progeny RFI phenotype (rp = 0.60; P [lesser than] 0.05) while steers from RFI- dams tended (P [lesser than] 0.10) to have larger developments in ribeye area with no variation (P [greater than] 0.10) in body composition to steers from RFI+ dams. Selection upon RFI is an accurate trait to select upon to improve herd feed efficiency as well as increase profitability in beef production.
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Download or read book Residual Feed Intake of Angus Cattle Divergently Selected for Feed Conversion Ratio written by Shannon Nicole Smith and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Residual feed intake (RFI) is a method of measuring feed efficiency that has not yet been adopted in the beef industry. RFI is calculated as the actual feed consumed minus the feed that the animal was expected to consume based on its mid-test weight and average daily gain (ADG). It is known to be phenotypically independent of weight and growth rate, thus making it a better measurement tool than feed conversion ratio (FCR), the most widely used feed efficiency measurement. The objective of this study was to compare results obtained using RFI with those of FCR to determine the best measure of feed efficiency. RFI was calculated using three different approaches; dry matter intake adjusted for production (RFIp), dry matter intake adjusted for production and backfat thickness (RFIBF), and dry matter intake estimated with NRC net energy equations (RFINRC). Low RFIp and RFIBF bulls consumed less feed than high RFI bulls, whereas no differences existed for weight traits or average daily gain. Both RFINRC and FCR were highly correlated with weight traits and average daily gain. RFIBF proved to be the best measure of feed efficiency, as it did not have an effect on weights, gains, or backfat thickness.
Download or read book Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Download or read book Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle in Relation to Breed Selection and Behavior written by Marcus McGee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed efficiency is a necessary factor in beef production systems due to rising feed ingredient costs, population growth, and beef supply demands. With this known, it is important for researchers to delve into mechanisms involved in efficiency to provide producers with a knowledge base for future selection and breeding programs. Though the use of residual feed intake (RFI) is fairly well know, traditional traits are often considered more desirable due to costs associated with testing. However, previous research has provided evidence of benefits using a less biased measurement (RFI) in comparison with its counterparts (e.g. ADG, FCR, F:G etc.) Though RFI does provide indication of efficiency status, there are underlying mechanisms that also play a role in these measurements that are not completely understood. One attribute of efficiency often overlooked is feeding behavior, in which this body of work attempts to interpret via relationships with RFI. Previous research has provided has examined relationships between these two parameters, however further studies are necessary to gain a more solid foundation. Research within this dissertation will add to this knowledge base using two breeds of cattle examined for behavior traits (bunk visit frequency, bunk visit duration, feed bout frequency, feed bout duration, meal frequency, meal duration, and average meal intake) during the course of RFI evaluation. Niche breeds of beef cattle (e.g. Japanese Black Cattle) are often excluded from feed efficiency examinations, due to focuses of output, carcass quality traits, and increased specialty market value. However, the recent rise of feed ingredient costs are universal, and producers of niche breeds may benefit as well. Within this body of work, 3 cohorts of Wagyu cattle were evaluated for feeding behavior parameters with some insight towards relationships with efficiency. Red Angus cattle were also evaluated over both growing and finishing phase RFI to clarify feeding behaviors' role in efficiency. Results from these studies provide researchers with additional tools for elucidating these relationships as well as identifying specific feeding behaviors that contribute to efficiency status in beef cattle.
Download or read book Biology of Domestic Animals written by Colin G. Scanes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing interest in the biology of domestic animals ranging from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, nutritional physiology, and systems biology. This book touches on all of these, with a particular focus on topics such as domestic animals as comparative models to humans, molecular regulation of growth, metabolic efficiency, reproduction, and the impact of stress on growth and development. The book concludes with a discussion on the current and future directions for researchers.
Download or read book Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry written by Rodney A. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-18 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry provides a thorough and concise overview of feed efficiency in beef cattle. It frames the great importance of feed efficiency to the industry and details the latest findings of the many scientific disciplines that intersect and aim to improve efficient and sustainable production of nutritious beef. The vast majority of production costs are directly tied to feed. With increased demand for grains to feed a rapidly increasing world population and to supply a new demand for alternative fuels, feed costs continue to increase. In recent years, the negative environmental impacts of inefficient feeding have also been realized; as such feed efficiency is an important factor in both economic viability and environmental sustainability of cattle production. Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry covers a broad range of topics ranging from economic evaluation of feed efficiency to the physiological and genetic bases of efficient conversion of feed to high quality beef. Chapters also look at how a fuller understanding of feed efficiency is leading to new selective breeding efforts to develop more efficient cattle. With wide-ranging coverage from leading international researchers, Feed Efficiency will be a valuable resource for producers who wish to understand the complexities, challenges, and opportunities to reduce their cost of production, for students studying the topic and for researchers and professionals working in the beef industry.
Download or read book Relationships of Residual Feed Intake with Performance Profitability Digestibility and Carcass Traits in Individual and Group Pens written by Gustavo Durante Cruz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Testing Beef Cattle for Net Feed Efficiency written by Steve Exton and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence of Diet Production Traits Blood Hormones and Metabolites and Mitochondrial Complex Protein Concentrations on Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle written by Michael Patrick Davis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual feed intake (RFI) is the difference between measured feed intake and predicted feed intake of an animal. Intake prediction is computed from a regression of intake on gain and metabolic body weight. Residual feed intake is used as a measure of metabolic efficiency. As RFI increases, feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increase with no change in postweaning growth and body weight in steers. Identification and selection for lower RFI cattle would improve herd feed efficiency without influencing growth. Steer residual feed intake measured in the growing phase, is related to residual feed intake during the finishing phase. Animals with low residual feed intake in the growing phase had lower residual feed intake and improved feed efficiency in the finishing phase. Serum concentrations of glucose and mitochondrial function are related to metabolic efficiency and may differ between residual feed intake phenotypes. Serum concentrations of glucose at weaning were greater (P [lesser than] 0.05) in low (efficient) compared to high (inefficient) RFI steers. Mitochondrial complex protein concentrations I:II and I:III ratios were greater (P [lesser than] 0.05) in low extreme versus high extreme RFI steers. Diets varied in rumen undegradable protein content were used to determine impact of intestinal amino acid supply on growth performance. Increasing rumen bypass amino acids in no roughage diets during the growing phase tended (P [lesser than] 0.15) to influence ADG and FCR in the growing phase such that as rumen bypass amino acid level increased growth and feed efficiency improved in the growing phase. Steers fed post ruminal absorbable amino acid levels below that required for growth in growing phase tended (P [lesser than] 0.15) to have improved feed efficiency in the finishing phase. Also, during the growing phase as bypass amino acids increased subcutaneous and intramuscular fat deposition decreased in steers during the finishing phase. Feeding a level of bypass amino acids below optimum for growth to steers during the growing phase decreased (P [lesser than] 0.05) longissimus dorsi muscle area in steers during the finishing phase.
Download or read book Impact of Residual Feed Intake Classification and Management Regimen on Feedlot Growth Performance Carcass Traits and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle written by Janelle Elyse Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of Feeding Behavior Traits and Associations with Performance and Feed Efficiency in Finishing Beef Cattle written by Egleu Diomedes Marinho Mendes and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first objective of this study was to validate the feeding behavior measurements from a radio frequency electronic system (GrowSafe (TM) System Ltd., Airdrie, AB, Canada) and examine the software sensitivity to different parameter settings (MPS) to quantify feeding behavior traits. Data was continuously recorded 24 h per day using the GrowSafe (TM) system for 32 heifers over 81-d. Ten animals were randomly selected and evaluated over 6-d using time-lapse video recordings. Different parameter settings (MPS) from the electronic system (GrowSafe (TM)) used to record feeding behavior data, bunk visits (BV) frequency and BV duration, were compared with the observed (video) values. The second objective of this study was to quantify meal criterion; examine the associations between feeding behavior traits, performance, and feed efficiency; and the effects of breed type on feed efficiency (residual feed intake - RFI) and feeding behavior traits in heifers fed high-grain diets. Results from study one demonstrated that the GrowSafe (TM) system 4000E could accurately predict BV and meal data compared to observed data. The 100 s, used for the maximum duration between consecutive EID recordings to end an uninterrupted BV, was the appropriate MPS to predict BV frequency and duration, and meal frequency and duration compared to observed data using the GrowSafe (TM) 4000E system. The system's ability to detect the animal's presence or absence at the feed bunk was 86.4 and 99.6 percent, respectively. Results from the second study demonstrated that the meal criterion for heifers fed high-grain diets was 13.8 min. The 4 methods to calculate meal criterion demonstrated no differences in results of frequencies and durations of meal and the number of bunk visits per meal. Similar phenotypic correlations were found between the feeding behavior traits with RFI derived from the base model or with adjustments for final back fat. The adjustment of RFI to final back fat changed the RFI rank between breeds. The addition of feeding behavior traits to the RFI base model could accounted up to 40.4 percent of the variation in DMI not explained by ADG or MBW.
Download or read book Evaluation of Modeled Feed Efficiency in Beef Cattle written by Jason R. Bowey and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were to evaluate animal performance and actual feed efficiency and how they relate to model predictions through feed allocation models. In addition, ultrasound measures, scrotal circumference, and molecular value predictions (MVP) were compiled to correlate for associations with efficiency. Six hundred forty-eight growing bulls comprised of Angus, Hereford, and percentage Simmental were placed on intake trials. Data was collected for intake, weight change, and animal performance at either 14-28 d intervals. Feed intake was also predicted with 2 biological simulation models: a) Cornell Value Discovery System and b) NRC update 2000 level 2. Observed residual feed intake (oRFI) was estimated using observed feed intake in a linear statistical model. Observed feed conversion ratio (oFCR) was estimated as observed feed intake divided by average daily gain. Observed partial efficiency of growth (oPEG) was calculated as ADG divided by the difference between dry matter intake and intake for maintenance from published standards. Observed relative growth rate (oRGR) and observed kleiber ratio (oKR) was also determined as the difference between the log of final BW and initial BW over the number of days on test and as the ratio of ADG to metabolic body weight, respectively. Each model also held a prediction for the various feed efficiency measures using feed allocation estimates and projected weight gains in their determinations. Data on feed efficiency measures on all 648 bulls, ultrasound measures and scrotal circumferences on 346 bulls, and hair samples on sixty-six half-blood Simmental bulls for a DNA analysis for MVP were collected and compiled. All data was correlated to determine relationships between feed efficiency measures, both observed and model predicted, as well as ultrasound, scrotal measures, and MVP data as they link to efficiency. Observed feed conversion ratio showed a high correlation both the CVDS FCR (cFCR, 0.769; P0.10) and the NRC FCR (nFCR, 0.847; P
Download or read book Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism written by Jan Dijkstra and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book. Published in 1993, was very well received as providing a comprehensive review of the digestion and metabolism of ruminant animals. Since its publication, much new research has been conducted in the subject and knowledge has increased. This new edition includes Dr. Dijkstra as an additional editor and four completely new chapters. These cover: the gas production technique in feed evaluation; the relationship between pasture characteristics and animal performance; calorimetry; and feed processing. Other chapters have been expanded or updated as appropriate.
Download or read book Effects of Management Regimen Residual Feed Intake and Reranking on Performance Carcass and Meat Quality in Beef Steers written by Natalie Ferriman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measurement of feed efficiency and is becoming a popular trait used in genetic selection. This study evaluated the effects of RFI classification on beef cattle performance, carcass and meat quality and its repeatability between growing and finishing phases of production. Cattle were managed on two different nutritional management regimens consisting of finishing on a high grain diet or backgrounding cattle prior to being finished on a high grain diet. Extensive RFI reranking occurred between production phases. Reranking was positively correlated with longissimus muscle area but did not influence other carcass and meat quality parameters. Growing phase RFI classification had a minimal effect on carcass traits, while low RFI classified steers in the finishing phase produced bigger ribeyes. High RFI steers produced juicier and more tender beef compared to low RFI steers assessed using taste panel and consumer evaluations.
Download or read book Guidelines for Uniform Beef Improvement Programs written by Dixon D. Hubbard and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
