Download or read book Reports of the Departments of Government of the City of Cleveland for the Year Ending Dec 31 Together with the Message of Mayor and Inaugural Address of written by Cleveland (Ohio) and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Refining Nature written by Jon Wlasiuk and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-03-07 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Standard Oil Company emerged out of obscurity in the 1860s to capture 90 percent of the petroleum refining industry in the United States during the Gilded Age. John D. Rockefeller, the company’s founder, organized the company around an almost religious dedication to principles of efficiency. Economic success masked the dark side of efficiency as Standard Oil dumped oil waste into public waterways, filled the urban atmosphere with acrid smoke, and created a consumer safety crisis by selling kerosene below congressional standards. Local governments, guided by a desire to favor the interests of business, deployed elaborate engineering solutions to tackle petroleum pollution at taxpayer expense rather than heed public calls to abate waste streams at their source. Only when refinery pollutants threatened the health of the Great Lakes in the twentieth century did the federal government respond to a nascent environmental movement. Organized around the four classical elements at the core of Standard Oil’s success (earth, air, fire, and water), Refining Nature provides an ecological context for the rise of one of the most important corporations in American history.

Download or read book Reports of the Departments of Government of the City of Cleveland for the Year Ending Dec 31 Together with the Message of Mayor and Inaugural Address of written by Cleveland (Ohio) and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 1376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Age of Smoke written by Frank Uekötter and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1880, coal was the primary energy source for everything from home heating to industry. Regions where coal was readily available, such as the Ruhr Valley in Germany and western Pennsylvania in the United States, witnessed exponential growth-yet also suffered the greatest damage from coal pollution. These conditions prompted civic activism in the form of "anti-smoke" campaigns to attack the unsightly physical manifestations of coal burning. This early period witnessed significant cooperation between industrialists, government, and citizens to combat the smoke problem. It was not until the 1960s, when attention shifted from dust and grime to hazardous invisible gases, that cooperation dissipated, and protests took an antagonistic turn.The Age of Smoke presents an original, comparative history of environmental policy and protest in the United States and Germany. Dividing this history into distinct eras (1880 to World War I, interwar, post-World War II to 1970), Frank Uekoetter compares and contrasts the influence of political, class, and social structures, scientific communities, engineers, industrial lobbies, and environmental groups in each nation. He concludes with a discussion of the environmental revolution, arguing that there were indeed two environmental revolutions in both countries: one societal, where changing values gave urgency to air pollution control, the other institutional, where changes in policies tried to catch up with shifting sentiments.Focusing on a critical period in environmental history, The Age of Smoke provides a valuable study of policy development in two modern industrial nations, and the rise of civic activism to combat air pollution. As Uekoetter's work reveals, the cooperative approaches developed in an earlier era offer valuable lessons and perhaps the best hope for future progress.

Download or read book Annual Report written by Cleveland (Ohio) and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Reports of the War Department written by United States. War Department and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engineering News and American Contract Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1882 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pictorial Atlas Illustrating the Spanish American War written by Le Roy Armstrong and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Commercial Financial Chronicle written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report written by Michigan. State Board of Health and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Railway News Finance and Joint stock Companies Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Commercial and Financial Chronicle Bankers Gazette Commercial Times Railway Monitor and Insurance Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 1196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Documents of the Senate of the State of New York written by New York (State). Legislature. Senate and published by . This book was released on 1886 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Public written by and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Commercial Financial Chronicle and Hunt s Merchants Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Unheralded Triumph written by Jon C. Teaford and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1984. In 1888 the British observer James Bryce declared "the government of cities" to be "the one conspicuous failure of the United States." During the following two decades, urban reformers would repeat Bryce's words with ritualistic regularity; nearly a century later, his comment continues to set the tone for most assessments of nineteenth-century city government. Yet by the end of the century, as Jon Teaford argues in this important reappraisal, American cities boasted the most abundant water supplies, brightest street lights, grandest parks, largest public libraries, and most efficient systems of transportation in the world. Far from being a "conspicuous failure," municipal governments of the late nineteenth century had successfully met challenges of an unprecedented magnitude and complexity. The Unheralded Triumph draws together the histories of the most important cities of the Gilded Age—especially New York, Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis, and Baltimore—to chart the expansion of services and the improvement of urban environments between 1870 and 1900. It examines the ways in which cities were transformed, in a period of rapid population growth and increased social unrest, into places suitable for living. Teaford demonstrates how, during the last decades of the nineteenth century, municipal governments adapted to societal change with the aid of generally compliant state legislatures. These were the years that saw the professionalization of city government and the political accommodation of the diverse ethnic, economic, and social elements that compose America's heterogeneous urban society. Teaford acknowledges that the expansion of urban services dangerously strained city budgets and that graft, embezzlement, overcharging, and payroll-padding presented serious problems throughout the period. The dissatisfaction with city governments arose, however, not so much from any failure to achieve concrete results as from the conflicts between those hostile groups accommodated within the newly created system: "For persons of principle and gentlemen who prized honor, it seemed a failure yet American municipal government left as a legacy such achievements as Central Park, the new Croton Aqueduct, and the Brooklyn Bridge, monuments of public enterprise that offered new pleasures and conveniences for millions of urban citizens."