Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

Download or read book Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis written by Jason W. Osborne and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-07-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is a practitioner-oriented look at this popular and often-misunderstood statistical technique. We avoid formulas and matrix algebra, instead focusing on evidence-based best practices so you can focus on getting the most from your data.Each chapter reviews important concepts, uses real-world data to provide authentic examples of analyses, and provides guidance for interpreting the results of these analysis. Not only does this book clarify often-confusing issues like various extraction techniques, what rotation is really rotating, and how to use parallel analysis and MAP criteria to decide how many factors you have, but it also introduces replication statistics and bootstrap analysis so that you can better understand how precisely your data are helping you estimate population parameters. Bootstrap analysis also informs readers of your work as to the likelihood of replication, which can give you more credibility. At the end of each chapter, the author has recommendations as to how to enhance your mastery of the material, including access to the data sets used in the chapter through his web site. Other resources include syntax and macros for easily incorporating these progressive aspects of exploratory factor analysis into your practice. The web site will also include enrichment activities, answer keys to select exercises, and other resources. The fourth "best practices" book by the author, Best Practices in Exploratory Factor Analysis continues the tradition of clearly-written, accessible guides for those just learning quantitative methods or for those who have been researching for decades.NEW in August 2014! Chapters on factor scores, higher-order factor analysis, and reliability. Chapters: 1 INTRODUCTION TO EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS 2 EXTRACTION AND ROTATION 3 SAMPLE SIZE MATTERS 4 REPLICATION STATISTICS IN EFA 5 BOOTSTRAP APPLICATIONS IN EFA 6 DATA CLEANING AND EFA 7 ARE FACTOR SCORES A GOOD IDEA? 8 HIGHER ORDER FACTORS 9 AFTER THE EFA: INTERNAL CONSISTENCY 10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

Download or read book The Scientific Use of Factor Analysis in Behavioral and Life Sciences written by Raymond Cattell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nonverbal Learning Disabilities written by Byron Patrick Rourke and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1989-05-05 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NONVERBAL LEARNING DISABILITIES systematically identifies, describes, and explains the elements and dynamics of the nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) syndrome--including its neuropsychological, academic, and socioemotional/adaptational aspects. In addition, this groundbreaking work explores the ramifications of the NLD syndrome for both the theoretical and applied aspects of the neuropsychology of learning disabilities in particular and for the field of child-clinical neuropsychology in general.

Download or read book Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling written by Rex B. Kline and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2023-05-24 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significantly revised, the fifth edition of the most complete, accessible text now covers all three approaches to structural equation modeling (SEM)--covariance-based SEM, nonparametric SEM (Pearl’s structural causal model), and composite SEM (partial least squares path modeling). With increased emphasis on freely available software tools such as the R lavaan package, the text uses data examples from multiple disciplines to provide a comprehensive understanding of all phases of SEM--what to know, best practices, and pitfalls to avoid. It includes exercises with answers, rules to remember, topic boxes, and a new self-test on significance testing, regression, and psychometrics. The companion website supplies helpful primers on these topics as well as data, syntax, and output for the book's examples, in files that can be opened with any basic text editor. New to This Edition *Chapters on composite SEM, also called partial least squares path modeling or variance-based SEM; conducting SEM analyses in small samples; and recent developments in mediation analysis. *Coverage of new reporting standards for SEM analyses; piecewise SEM, also called confirmatory path analysis; comparing alternative models fitted to the same data; and issues in multiple-group SEM. *Extended tutorials on techniques for dealing with missing data in SEM and instrumental variable methods to deal with confounding of target causal effects. Pedagogical Features *New self-test of knowledge about background topics (significance testing, regression, and psychometrics) with scoring key and online primers. *End-of-chapter suggestions for further reading and exercises with answers. *Troublesome examples from real data, with guidance for handling typical problems in analyses. *Topic boxes on special issues and boxed rules to remember. *Website promoting a learn-by-doing approach, including data, extensively annotated syntax, and output files for all the book’s detailed examples.

Download or read book Handbook of Psychology and Diabetes written by Clare Bradley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook fulfils a pressing need within the area of psychological measurement in diabetes research and practice by providing access to material which has either been widely dispersed through the psychological and medical literature or has not previously been published. Journal articles describing the psychometric development of scales have rarely included the scales themselves but this book includes copies of scales and a wealth of additional information from unpublished theses, reports and recent manuscripts. You will find information about the reliability, validity, scoring, norms, and use of the measures in previous research presented in one volume. The Handbook is designed to help researchers and clinicians: · To select scales suitable for their purposes · To administer and score the scales correctly · To interpret the results appropriately. Dr. Clare Bradley is Reader in Health Psychology and Director of the Diabetes Research Group at Royal Holloway, University of London. Dr. Bradley and her research group have designed, developed and used a wide variety of measures of psychological processes and outcomes. Many of these measures have been designed and developed specifically for people with diabetes. Together with diabetes-specific psychological measures developed by other researchers internationally, these instruments have played an important part in facilitating patient-centred approaches to diabetes research and clinical practice.

Download or read book ECRM2014 Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies written by Dr Martin Rich and published by Academic Conferences Limited. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Factor Analysis written by Richard L. Gorsuch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and comprehensible, this classic text covers the basic and advanced topics essential for using factor analysis as a scientific tool in psychology, education, sociology, and related areas. Emphasizing the usefulness of the techniques, it presents sufficient mathematical background for understanding and applying its use. This includes the theory as well as the empirical evaluations. The overall goal is to show readers how to use factor analysis in their substantive research by highlighting when the differences in mathematical procedures have a major impact on the substantive conclusions, when the differences are not relevant, and when factor analysis might not be the best procedure to use. Although the original version was written years ago, the book maintains its relevance today by providing readers with a thorough understanding of the basic mathematical models so they can easily apply these models to their own research. Readers are presented with a very complete picture of the "inner workings" of these methods. The new Introduction highlights the remarkably few changes that the author would make if he were writing the book today. An ideal text for courses on factor analysis or as a supplement for multivariate analysis, structural equation modeling, or advanced quantitative techniques taught in psychology, education, and other social and behavioral sciences, researchers who use these techniques also appreciate this book’s thorough review of the basic models. Prerequisites include a graduate level course on statistics and a basic understanding of algebra. Sections with an asterisk can be skipped entirely if preferred.

Download or read book Cluster Analysis written by Brian S. Everitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cluster analysis comprises a range of methods for classifying multivariate data into subgroups. By organizing multivariate data into such subgroups, clustering can help reveal the characteristics of any structure or patterns present. These techniques have proven useful in a wide range of areas such as medicine, psychology, market research and bioinformatics. This fifth edition of the highly successful Cluster Analysis includes coverage of the latest developments in the field and a new chapter dealing with finite mixture models for structured data. Real life examples are used throughout to demonstrate the application of the theory, and figures are used extensively to illustrate graphical techniques. The book is comprehensive yet relatively non-mathematical, focusing on the practical aspects of cluster analysis. Key Features: Presents a comprehensive guide to clustering techniques, with focus on the practical aspects of cluster analysis Provides a thorough revision of the fourth edition, including new developments in clustering longitudinal data and examples from bioinformatics and gene studies./li> Updates the chapter on mixture models to include recent developments and presents a new chapter on mixture modeling for structured data Practitioners and researchers working in cluster analysis and data analysis will benefit from this book.

Download or read book Handbook of Psychology Research Methods in Psychology written by Irving B. Weiner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology is of interest to academics from many fields, as well as to the thousands of academic and clinical psychologists and general public who can't help but be interested in learning more about why humans think and behave as they do. This award-winning twelve-volume reference covers every aspect of the ever-fascinating discipline of psychology and represents the most current knowledge in the field. This ten-year revision now covers discoveries based in neuroscience, clinical psychology's new interest in evidence-based practice and mindfulness, and new findings in social, developmental, and forensic psychology.

Download or read book Cross Cultural Design Cultural Differences in Everyday Life written by P.L.Patrick Rau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second part of the two-volume set (LNCS 8023-8024) that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design, held as part of the 15th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2013, held in Las Vegas, USA in July 2013, jointly with 12 other thematically similar conferences. The total of 1666 papers and 303 posters presented at the HCII 2013 conferences was carefully reviewed and selected from 5210 submissions. These papers address the latest research and development efforts and highlight the human aspects of design and use of computing systems. The papers accepted for presentation thoroughly cover the entire field of human-computer interaction, addressing major advances in knowledge and effective use of computers in a variety of application areas. This two-volume set contains 113 papers. The papers in this volume focus on the following topics: cultural issues in business and industry; culture, health and quality of life; cross-cultural and intercultural collaboration; culture and the smart city; cultural differences on the Web.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Reciprocal Adult Development and Learning written by Carol Hoare and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rev. ed. of: Handbook of adult development and learning / edited by Carol Hoare. 2006.

Download or read book Replication and Evidence Factors in Observational Studies written by Paul Rosenbaum and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outside of randomized experiments, association does not imply causation, and yet there is nothing defective about our knowledge that smoking causes lung cancer, a conclusion reached in the absence of randomized experimentation with humans. How is that possible? If observed associations do not identify causal effects in observational studies, how can a sequence of such associations become decisive? Two or more associations may each be susceptible to unmeasured biases, yet not susceptible to the same biases. An observational study has two evidence factors if it provides two comparisons susceptible to different biases that may be combined as if from independent studies of different data by different investigators, despite using the same data twice. If the two factors concur, then they may exhibit greater insensitivity to unmeasured biases than either factor exhibits on its own. Replication and Evidence Factors in Observational Studies includes four parts: A concise introduction to causal inference, making the book self-contained Practical examples of evidence factors from the health and social sciences with analyses in R The theory of evidence factors Study design with evidence factors A companion R package evident is available from CRAN.

Download or read book Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science Theory and Method written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential reference for human development theory, updated and reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work to which all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now in its Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been considered the definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 1, Theory and Method, presents a rich mix of classic and contemporary theoretical perspectives, but the dominant views throughout are marked by an emphasis on the dynamic interplay of all facets of the developmental system across the life span, incorporating the range of biological, cognitive, emotional, social, cultural, and ecological levels of analysis. Examples of the theoretical approaches discussed in the volume include those pertinent to human evolution, self regulation, the development of dynamic skills, and positive youth development. The research, methodological, and applied implications of the theoretical models discussed in the volume are presented. Understand the contributions of biology, person, and context to development within the embodied ecological system Discover the relations among individual, the social world, culture, and history that constitute human development Examine the methods of dynamic, developmental research Learn person-oriented methodological approaches to assessing developmental change The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the four volumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science is in the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shift that involves increasingly greater understanding of how to describe, explain, and optimize the course of human life for diverse individuals living within diverse contexts. This Handbook is the definitive reference for educators, policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in human development, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and neuroscience.

Download or read book A Step by Step Guide to Exploratory Factor Analysis with Stata written by Marley Watkins and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a concise, easy to use, step-by-step guide for applied researchers conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using Stata. In this book, Dr. Watkins systematically reviews each decision step in EFA with screen shots of Stata code and recommends evidence-based best practice procedures. This is an eminently applied, practical approach with few or no formulas and is aimed at readers with little to no mathematical background. Dr. Watkins maintains an accessible tone throughout and uses minimal jargon and formula to help facilitate grasp of the key issues users will face when applying EFA, along with how to implement, interpret, and report results. Copious scholarly references and quotations are included to support the reader in responding to editorial reviews. This is a valuable resource for upper level undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for more experienced researchers undertaking multivariate or structure equation modeling courses across the behavioral, medical, and social sciences.

Download or read book Assessment and Intervention Issues Across the Life Span written by Stephanie M.C. Dollinger and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume evolved from the second life span development conference held at Southern Illinois University entitled "Assessment and Intervention Across the Lifespan." Providing an overview and consideration of important directions for research in areas of assessment and intervention across the lifespan, the presentations covered a variety of topic areas including social ecology, cultural diversity, attitudes about aging, as well as attention, visual, and linguistic skills. This volume consists of chapters based on the conference presentations as well as additional chapters by experts in related specialty areas discussing attachment theory, learning disabilities, and phonological processing. The second conference and volume continue the work of the first conference and its associated earlier volume. The chapters cover important interactions between assessment and intervention for each major developmental period; several emphasize the importance of early assessment and intervention. A common theme found throughout is the critical connection between basic research and practice. The editors hope this book will prove useful not only to researchers, but also to practitioners in related disciplines working with individuals of all ages.

Download or read book Replicating Reproducing Policing Research written by Khadija Monk and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-30 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the need for policing scholarship to strengthen its empirical cumulative knowledge base by replicating and reproducing earlier studies. The chapters in this volume advance policing research by replicating and reproducing earlier studies, investigating the generalizability of research findings, and making data and research methods available to other researchers to encourage scientific exploration of previous research findings. Each chapter addresses important scientific goals of validity, reliability, and generalizability, which build our cumulative knowledge of what is known in policing research, ultimately informing policymaking. The book offers insights into why replicating and reproducing policing scholarship is critical; from emphasizing the importance of making data and study material publicly available to facilitate replications and reproductions, to reproducing studies in new contexts and cautioning against making policy-making decisions based on studies that have not been replicated. This volume highlights the immense value in shifting researchers’ priorities – even slightly – to focus less so on originality and innovation to make room for replications and reproductions, thereby shedding light on how true, empirical knowledge on policing and police practice is dependent on it. This book was originally published as a special issue of Police Practice and Research.