Download or read book Remote Sensing of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter by Ocean Color Radiometers Calibrated by Laser induced Fluorescence written by Luca Fiorani and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Laser induced Fluorescence of Dissolved Organic Matter for Remote Sensing of Hydrogen Ion and Aluminum in Freshwater written by Anthony Vodacek and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessing Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter CDOM Distribution Stocks and Fluxes in Apalachicola Bay Using Combined Field VIIRS Ocean Color and Model Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the role of estuarine-carbon fluxes is essential to improve estimates of the global carbon budget. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in aquatic carbon cycling. Here, the chromophoric fraction of DOM (CDOM) can be readily detected via in situ and remotely-sensed optical measurements. DOM properties, including CDOM absorption coefficient at 412 nm (ag412) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were examined in Apalachicola Bay, a national estuarine research reserve located in the northeast Gulf of Mexico, using in situ and satellite observations during the spring and fall of 2015. Synoptic and accurate representation of estuarine-scale processes using satellite ocean color imagery necessitates the removal of atmospheric contribu- tion (~90%) to signals received by satellite sensors to successfully link to in situ observations. Three atmospheric correction schemes (e.g., Standard NIR correction, Iterative NIR correction, and SWIR correction) were tested first to find a suitable correction scheme for the VIIRS imagery in low to moderately turbid Apalachicola Bay. The iterative NIR correction performed well, and validation showed high correlation (R2 = 0.95, N = 25) against in situ light measurements. A VIIRS-based CDOM algorithm was developed (R2 = 0.87, N = 9) and validated (R2 = 0.76, N = 20, RMSE = 0.29 m-1) against in situ observations. Subsequently, ag412 was used as a proxy of DOC in March (DOC = 1.08 + 0.94 × ag412,R2 =0.88, N = 13)and in November (DOC= 1.61 + 1.33 × ag412, R2 = 0.83, N = 24) to derive DOC maps that provided synoptic views of DOC distribution, sources, and their transport to the coastal waters during the wet and dry seasons. The estimated DOC stocks were ~3.71 × 106 kg C in March and ~4.07 × 106 kg C in November over an area of ~560 km2. Volume flux (out of the bay) almost doubled for March 24 (735 m3 s-1) relative to November 4 (378 m3 s-1). However, estimates of DOC fluxes exported out of the bay from model-derived currents and satellite-derived DOC were only marginally greater in March (0.163 × 106 kg C d-1) than in November (0.124 × 106 kg C d-1) and reflected greater DOC stocks in the fall. Finally, the combination of satellite-, field-, and model-based observations revealed the strong linkage between the Apalachicola River plume, a major source of DOM, and the overall hydrodynamic forcing that controlled distributions of CDOM abundance, DOC concentration, stocks, and fluxes in the bay.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Second International Airborne Remote Sensing Conference and Exhibition written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation Revision 4 written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation Revision 2 written by Giuletta S. Fargion and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document stipulates protocols for measuring bio-optical and radiometric data for the Senor Inter comparison and Merger for Biological and Interdisciplinary Oceanic Studies (SIMBIOS) Project activities and algorithm development. This document supersedes the earlier version published as Volume 25 in the SeaWiFS Technical report series ...

Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessing the Requirements for Sustained Ocean Color Research and Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean is a fundamental component of the earth's biosphere. It covers roughly 70 percent of Earth's surface and plays a pivotal role in the cycling of life's building blocks, such as nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur. The ocean also contributes to regulating the climate system. Most of the primary producers in the ocean comprise of microscopic plants and some bacteria; and these photosynthetic organisms (phytoplankton) form the base of the ocean's food web. Monitoring the health of the ocean and its productivity is critical to understanding and managing the ocean's essential functions and living resources. Because the ocean is so vast and difficult for humans to explore, satellite remote sensing of ocean color is currently the only way to observe and monitor the biological state of the surface ocean globally on time scales of days to decades. Ocean color measurements reveal a wealth of ecologically important characteristics including: chlorophyll concentration, the rate of phytoplankton photosynthesis, sediment transport, dispersion of pollutants, and responses of oceanic biota to long-term climate changes. Continuity of satellite ocean color data and associated climate research products are presently at significant risk for the U.S. ocean color community. Assessing Requirements for Sustained Ocean Color Research and Operations aims to identify the ocean color data needs for a broad range of end users, develop a consensus for the minimum requirements, and outline options to meet these needs on a sustained basis. The report assesses lessons learned in global ocean color remote sensing from the SeaWiFS/MODIS era to guide planning for acquisition of future global ocean color radiance data to support U.S. research and operational needs.

Download or read book Dissolved Organic Matter in Major Rivers Across the Pan Arctic from Remote Sensing written by Claire Genevieve Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate-driven changes in Arctic hydrology and biogeochemistry are impacting transport of water and water-borne material from land to ocean. This includes massive amounts of organic matter that are mobilized and exported from the pan-Arctic watershed via rivers each year. Dissolved organic matter (DOM), an important part of the Arctic carbon cycle, has received growing attention in recent years, yet long-term studies of riverine biogeochemistry remain rare in these remote and logistically challenging regions. Remote sensing of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM, the portion of the DOM pool that absorbs light), provides a unique opportunity to investigate variations in DOM in major Arctic rivers over multiple decades. CDOM is a useful proxy for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and is essential to photochemical processes in surface waters. This dissertation presents the development and application of remote sensing regression models across six major Arctic rivers: the Kolyma, Lena, Mackenzie, Ob’, Yenisey and Yukon. Frozen, archival samples of CDOM were used to develop calibration data for remote sensing regressions. Remote sensing methods estimated CDOM with R2 of 85% across all rivers, although individual rivers varied in their predictability in association with sediment loading and hydrology. As with previous studies of Arctic systems, concentrations and export of CDOM and DOC were highest during spring freshet in most of these rivers. Interannual variability in DOM export may be linked to the Arctic Oscillation. Within the Mackenzie, Ob’, and Yenisey rivers, observations of DOM concentration and export were extended back to the 1980s, the first known empirical records of this length for Arctic rivers that span both continents. Although no pan-Arctic trends in CDOM export were detected, there is some evidence of long-term changes in riverine DOM. For example, discharge-specific CDOM concentrations decreased in the Yenisey River and increased in the Ob’ River. Additionally, CDOM concentrations increased over the past ~30 years within the Mackenzie River. This dissertation also includes results from experiments used to quantify the effects of cryopreservation on CDOM analyses, and potential approaches for ameliorating freezing effects. These experiments showed that freezing for preservation introduces some error into CDOM measurements, although these effects vary between river systems. Sonication may improve CDOM measurements in some river systems, but the effects of both cryopreservation and sonication should be quantified on a case-by-case basis. Overall, this dissertation work demonstrates that 1) remote sensing of CDOM is a viable tool for tracking fluvial DOM in the major Arctic rivers, 2) only the Mackenzie River showed significant increases in CDOM concentration from the 1980s to present and 3) long-term changes in discharge-specific CDOM concentrations have occurred in the Yenisey and Ob’ rivers. These long-term trends cannot be definitively linked to climate change, but may be related to effects of warming on permafrost, hydrology, and biogeochemistry within in Arctic watersheds with consequences for carbon cycling on both regional and global scales.

Download or read book Laser Remote Sensing of Natural Waters written by Victor I. Feigels and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1996 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Assessment of Ocean Color for Interpretation of Satellite Visible Imagery written by H. R. Gordon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the pioneering work of Clarke et a1. (1970) it has been known that chlorophyll a (or. more generally. pigments) contained in phytoplankton in near-surface waters produced systematic variations in the color of the ocean which could be observed from aircraft. As a direct result of this work. NASA developed the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS). which was launched on Nimbus-G (now Nimbus-7) in October 1978. (A short description of the CZCS is provided in Appendix I. ) Shortly before launch. at the IUCRM Colloquium on Passive Radiometry of the Ocean (June 1978). a working group on water color measurements was formed to assess water color remote sensing at that time. A report (Morel and Gordon. 1980) was prepared which summarized the state-of-the-art of the algorithms for atmospheric correction. and phytoplankton pigment and seston retrieval. and which included recommendations concerning the design of next generation sensors. The water color session of the COSPAR/SCOR/IUCRM Symposium 'Oceanography from Space' held in Venice (May 1980. i. e •• in the post-launch period) provided the opportunity for a reassessment of the state-of-the-art after having gained some experience in the analysis of the initial CZCS imagery. Such an assessment is the purpose of this review paper. which will begin with an outline of the basic physics of water color remote sensing and the fundamentals of atmospheric corrections. The present state of the constituent retrieval and atmospheric correction algorithms will then be critically assessed.

Download or read book The Fluorescence of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Marine Environment written by Robert Francis Chen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Marine Resources Experiment Program MAREX written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation written by Giulietta S. Fargion and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ocean Optics Protocols for Satellite Ocean Color Sensor Validation Revision 3 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Ocean Colour in Coastal and Other Optically complex Waters written by Shubha Sathyendranath and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter Using Unmanned Aerial Systems and Assessment of the Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter on the Oyster Reefs in the Western Mississippi Sound written by Sudeera Wickramarathna and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oyster reefs in the western Mississippi Sound (WMS) are dependent on the salinity moderation by freshwater input. However, freshwater brings in high amount of pollutants, which affect the oysters negatively. Oyster diebacks happened as a result of hypoxia caused by excessive organic matter input to WMS in summer 2017. Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is widely used as a proxy for determining organic matter distribution. In this study, hyperspectral and multispectral remote sensing data collected using unmanned aerial systems and in situ CDOM data were used to develop algorithms in order to retrieve CDOM remotely. Collected physical and biogeochemical parameters were used to understand the carbon fluxes regulating the quality and quantity of CDOM. Developed algorithms showed high accuracy after accounting for seasonal variations of CDOM. Further, seasonal induced photodegradation, photosynthesis, calcification, and exchange of CO2 were identified as possible factors that affect the carbon dynamics in the study area.