Download or read book Relationship Between Physical Activity Preference and Body Mass Index in Urban African American Children written by Nicole S. Saffer and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the Influence of African American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status written by Sarah Burch and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the U.S., African American children suffer from higher rates of obesity than their white peers. African American families are often multi-generational, with extended family members, especially women, caring for child relatives. Yet little is currently known about the influence of these female extended family members (EFMs) on African American children's dietary and physical activity behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between the amount of time an African American child spent with an EFM, the frequency of child physical activity and eating around the EFM, and family members' weight status. Data were collected and analyzed as part of a larger study examining relationships in African American families (n=47). Participating families consisted of the mother, her child aged 8-12 years, and an EFM. Participants were recruited from community organizations in Guilford County, North Carolina. Family Systems Theory guided the research in accordance with current literature which suggests that family-based lifestyle interventions achieve better outcomes than education or information only interventions. Eighty-eight percent of non-pregnant mothers (n=44) and 87% of non-pregnant EFMs (n=45) were classified as overweight or obese as defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) compared to 47% of the children in the study as defined by Body Mass Index For Age (BMI-For-Age). EFMs comprised 10 grandmothers, two great grandmothers, one great aunt, 19 aunts, and 15 cousins. No significant association was found between time spent with EFMs and frequency of child eating and physical activity behaviors. Children were less active around grandmothers and great grandmothers compared to aunts and cousins (p
Download or read book Childhood Obesity Factors Affecting Physical Activity written by Cynthia A. Bascetta and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Associations Among African American Parent Education Perceptions Behaviors and Child Weight Status written by Tracey Marie Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Obesity in children and adolescents is a worldwide epidemic that is anticipated to worsen over time (Budd & Volpe, 2006; Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005; Hossain, Kawar, & El Nahas, 2007). Within the past 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than doubled among children and quadrupled in adolescents (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). People often have inaccurate perceptions of their body size and weight status and this may play a key role in the prevalence of obesity especially for ethnic minorities (Gillard, Lackland, Mountfored, & Egan, 2007; Hendley, et al., 2011). In order to combat child obesity, it is imperative for future research to explore the phenomenon of parent education, behaviors, perceptions and the impact on child weight status within a strong theoretical conceptual model. The purpose of this dissertation is to build a theoretical conceptual model and testable model to understand the associations among African American parent education, behaviors, and perceptions of their child's body size and the impact on their child's weight status. Methods: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey (SPAN) was developed using a repeated cross-sectional study design to estimate changes in body mass index (BMI) by three major racial/ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, and whites/others) in Texas public school children (Hoelscher, Day, Lee, Frankowski, Kelder, Ward & Scheurer, 2003). For this study, only African American 4th grade students (n=372) and their parents (n=372) will be used. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple regression, moderation, and mediation analysis. Results: Findings suggest that a parent's level of education had a direct impact on health knowledge and discrimination. Parent perceptions of their child's body size was directly associated with child weight status, but parent weight status moderated this relation. The number of children living in the home had a direct impact socioeconomic status (SES), SES had a direct impact on stress, and stress had a direct impact on parenting rules and discipline. The more physical activity parents did with their children, the lower their child's weight status, however, parent weight status mediated this relation. Lastly, as the consumption of more healthy foods increased, so did the child's weight status. Implications: The findings of this study offer a comprehensive picture of how parent education, perceptions and behaviors impact child weight status. These results highlight suggested areas that may be used by social work practitioners, researchers, and policy makers when working African American parents and their children. This study also suggests a final robust theoretical conceptual model of theory and evidence-based literature to guide future research.
Download or read book Social Networks and Health written by Thomas W. Valente and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-25 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relationships and the pattern of relationships have a large and varied influence on both individual and group action. The fundamental distinction of social network analysis research is that relationships are of paramount importance in explaining behavior. Because of this, social network analysis offers many exciting tools and techniques for research and practice in a wide variety of medical and public health situations including organizational improvements, understanding risk behaviors, coordinating coalitions, and the delivery of health care services. This book provides an introduction to the major theories, methods, models, and findings of social network analysis research and application. In three sections, it presents a comprehensive overview of the topic; first in a survey of its historical and theoretical foundations, then in practical descriptions of the variety of methods currently in use, and finally in a discussion of its specific applications for behavior change in a public health context. Throughout, the text has been kept clear, concise, and comprehensible, with short mathematical formulas for some key indicators or concepts. Researchers and students alike will find it an invaluable resource for understanding and implementing social network analysis in their own practice.
Download or read book Relationships Between Mother s Body Type size Attitude Towards Physical Activity and Daughter s Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Score in African Americans written by Tonya Nicole Cooksey and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical activity level of daughters and their mothers' body type/size and attitude towards physical activity in African Americans was investigated. 51 subjects were recruited. Subjects completed the Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and an attitudinal questionnaire. Subjects' height and weight were measured. Mother's body type/size was found to be weakly associated with daughter's BMI (r=0.28, p=0.051). Mother's overall attitude towards physical activity was not associated with daughter's IPAQ score. The results suggest mother's body type/size and select components of the mother's attitude are related daughter's BMI and physical activity level.
Download or read book Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-24 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To battle the obesity epidemic in America, health care professionals and policymakers need relevant, useful data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention policies and programs. Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention identifies a new approach to decision making and research on obesity prevention to use a systems perspective to gain a broader understanding of the context of obesity and the many factors that influence it.
Download or read book Examining the Associations Between Depressive Symptoms Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Self efficacy in African American Mother child Dyads written by Y'Esha Vonyae Williams and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were estimated to determine associations between variables that were sampled from underlying normal distributions. Spearman correlation coefficients were estimated to assess correlates of maternal BMI because data from this variable did not reflect sampling from a normal distribution. Results indicated positive correlations between children's depressive symptoms and their BMI Z-scores and their mothers' depressive symptoms. More depressive symptoms in children were related to having a higher BMI Z-score and a mother with more depressive symptoms. Results also indicated important correlations for the children's physical activity self-efficacy with their depressive symptoms, their BMI Z-scores, and maternal depressive symptoms. Although several associations were found between the children's physical activity self-efficacy and their depressive symptoms, BMI Z-scores, and maternal depressive symptoms, researchers should cautiously rely on self-reports of physical activity self-efficacy from younger children given that some children had difficulty understanding the self-efficacy measure. Findings suggest that the associations between depressive symptoms, BMI, and physical activity self-efficacy in African American mother-child dyads merit additional examination as such research studies may inform future approaches to prevent and treat obesity and depression in this population.
Download or read book Family Social Capital Mother s Perception of Child s Physical Competence and Mother s Acculturation as Determinants of Children s Physical Activity Level and Body Mass Index written by Olga J. Santiago and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Between the Body Mass Index and the Daily Physical Activity of Children and Their Parents written by Jennifer Harmon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Relationship Among Psychosocial and Environmental Determinants of Physical Activity Physical Activity Levels and Body Mass Index in Adolescent Affrican sic American Females written by Flint D. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined personal, social, and demographic factors related to physical activity (PA) level and body mass index (BMI) in adolescent African American (AA) females. The participants were 211 AA females from selected parochial schools in a city in the southern U.S. Participants completed the Physical Activity Determinant Scale (PADS: Mitchell & Kontos, 2002), the Three Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR: Weston, Petosa & Pate, 1997), the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ: Godin & Shepard, 1985), and demographic items. Height and weight measures were taken to assess BMI. Results from logistic regression indicated that the personal factor was a significant (p
Download or read book Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-10 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.
Download or read book The Relationship Between Physical Activity Body Mass Index and Lipid Values in Young Children written by Christine Ann Tanzillo and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Educating the Student Body written by Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-13 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.
Download or read book Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical fitness affects our ability to function and be active. At poor levels, it is associated with such health outcomes as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical fitness testing in American youth was established on a large scale in the 1950s with an early focus on performance-related fitness that gradually gave way to an emphasis on health-related fitness. Using appropriately selected measures to collected fitness data in youth will advance our understanding of how fitness among youth translates into better health. In Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth, the IOM assesses the relationship between youth fitness test items and health outcomes, recommends the best fitness test items, provides guidance for interpreting fitness scores, and provides an agenda for needed research. The report concludes that selected cardiorespiratory endurance, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition measures should be in fitness surveys and in schools. Collecting fitness data nationally and in schools helps with setting and achieving fitness goals and priorities for public health at an individual and national level.
Download or read book The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Academic Achievement in Rural Low income Mexican Origin Elementary School Aged Children written by Lisa Christine Martinez and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 33% of children in the U.S. are overweight/obese, thus increasing their risk for adverse health effects. Physical inactivity has been identified as a contributing factor to this problem yet the majority of children are not meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Physical Activity Guidelines and most schools are not offering daily physical education. The overall purpose of this prospective, descriptive study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and academic achievement in rural, low income, Mexican origin, elementary school aged children. In addition, physical activity rates and correlates were also examined. The study utilized a cross sectional design and data from two sources: baseline data from the Niños Sanos, Familia Sana study and school testing data from the Firebaugh Las Deltas Unified School District. Niños Sanos, Familia Sana study is a 5-year, multifaceted childhood obesity study in the towns of Firebaugh and San Joaquin, California, with an overall goal of slowing the increase of body mass index in children ages 3-8. Baseline data were collected between March 1, 2012 and January 15, 2013. Children were included in the subsample (N=66) if they 1) attended Hazel M. Bailey Elementary School during the 2012-2013 school year and 2) had 3 or more days of accelerometer wear. The majority of the children were born in the United States (92%) while the majority of their mothers were born in Mexico (80%). 38% of the children were overweight/obese. English Language Arts and mathematics test scores were found to be unrelated to physical activity. 72% of the children averaged 60 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day. Boys were significantly more active than girls. The significance of this study is its new knowledge concerning general physical activity and academic achievement, and health behaviors in an understudied, at risk community. The Latino population comprises 38% of California's population and is disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity. Rural location and residence make it difficult to reach these two communities. Findings can be used to support public policies thus promoting lifelong healthy weight through obesity prevention among Latino children.
Download or read book The Association of Genotype and the Gene physical Activity Interaction Effect on Aerobic Fitness in Prepubertal African American Obese Children written by Jennifer Irene Flynn and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: To determine the association of certain aerobic fitness and physical activity genotypes and the gene-physical activity interaction effect on aerobic fitness in pre-pubertal, African American, obese children. Methods: Subjects were 30 pre-pubertal, African American, obese children (9.5 ± 1.7 years) who were free of clinical disease. Height and weight were measured according to standard procedures. Body fat was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and DNA samples were collected using buccal swabs. Aerobic fitness was assessed using a cycle ergometer and the McMaster cycle protocol. ANOVAs were used to determine associations and interaction effects of the ACE, ADRB2, NOS3, IL6, IGF-1, and APO-E genes, physical activity and aerobic fitness. Results: Age, height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were significantly lower in girls compared to boys. Subjects averaged approximately 51 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity per day, and girls were significantly more active than boys. There were no significant associations between the candidate genes and aerobic fitness level. P> 0.05). There were trends towards significance for the IL6 rs2069845 gene for absolute and relative VO2p̳e̳a̳k̳ measures (P = 0.078, and P = 0.094, respectively). There was also a trend toward significance for the ADR[lowercase beta]2 rs1042717 gene for leanVO2p̳e̳a̳k̳ (P = 0.092). Conclusions: In children, further research is needed that includes diverse populations and large sample sizes in order to more accurately assess the association and interaction effects of the candidate genes, physical activity and fitness.
