Download or read book Regulation of Translation by Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G written by Constanze Kaiser and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translation control provides a fundamental function of cell metabolism. Protein synthesis is regulated by PI3K/AKT and Ras/MAPK pathways in response to extra- and intracellular stimuli, such as hormone and growth factors, cell cycle progression and various physiological stresses.
Download or read book Translational Control of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G Expression written by Weiniu Gan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Translation Initiation Reconstituted Systems and Biophysical Methods written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over fifty years the Methods in Enzymology series has been the critically aclaimed laboratory standard and one of the most respected publications in the field of biochemistry. The highly relevant material makes it an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life and related sciences. This volume, the second of three on the topic of Translation Initiation includes articles written by leaders in the field.
Download or read book Translation In Eukaryotes written by Hans Trachsel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-07-24 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an up-to-date review of the mechanisms and regulation of translation in eukaryotes. Topics covered include the basic biochemical reactions of translation initiation, elongation and termination, and the regulation of these reactions under different physiological conditions and in virus-infected cells. The book belongs on the shelf of everyone interested in translation in eukaryotes, including students and researchers requiring comprehensive overviews of most aspects of translation and instructors who want to cover these topics at an advanced level.
Download or read book Translational Control of Gene Expression written by Nahum Sonenberg and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1996 publication of Translational Control, there has been fresh interest in protein synthesis and recognition of the key role of translation control mechanisms in regulating gene expression. This new monograph updates and expands the scope of the earlier book but it also takes a fresh look at the field. In a new format, the first eight chapters provide broad overviews, while each of the additional twenty-eight has a focus on a research topic of more specific interest. The result is a thoroughly up-to-date account of initiation, elongation, and termination of translation, control mechanisms in development in response to extracellular stimuli, and the effects on the translation machinery of virus infection and disease. This book is essential reading for students entering the field and an invaluable resource for investigators of gene expression and its control.
Download or read book Translational Control by Eukaryotic Initiation Factor eIF 4E and 4G Homologous Proteins written by Ramona Weber and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All living systems rely on appropriate protein synthesis and therefore evolved intricate mechanisms to control their proteome. Especially, the complexity of metazoan multicellular processes requires a strict and multilayered regulation of gene expression at the level of transcription, mRNA processing, translation, mRNA stability, and protein modifications and stability. Here, I present work on two research projects that uncovered the hitherto unidentified roles of translation initiation (1) and mRNA decay factors (2) specialized in controlling unconventional mRNA translation and co-translational mRNA stability, respectively. The initiation step of translation commences with the assembly of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex on the mRNA 5 ́ cap structure which facilitates the recruitment of the ribosome to mediate protein synthesis. The eIF4F consists of the cap-binding protein eIF4E, the RNA helicase eIF4A and the scaffolding factor eIF4G. Apart from eIF4G, metazoan cells express other eIF4G-like proteins: eIF4G2 - a.k.a. DAP5/p97/NAT1 - and eIF4G3. Although the different homologs perform non-redundant functions in translation, we lack detailed understanding of their individual contribution to the initiation of protein synthesis. To gain insights into the function of DAP5 in translation initiation, I applied transcriptome (RNA- sequencing) and translatome (ribosome profiling) approaches to CRISPR-Cas9 engineered human HEK293T DAP5-null cells. These approaches allowed the identification of a group of mRNAs with complex 5 ́ untranslated regions (UTRs) that required the DAP5-eIF4A complex for efficient translation. In detail, the 5 ́ UTRs of DAP5 targets harbor strong secondary structures and at least one upstream open reading frame (uORF) that normally sequesters ribosomes from initiation at the main ORF (mORF). In this context, DAP5 is critical for mORF translation as it mediates re-initiation after uORF translation. Taken together, my studies on DAP5 demonstrate how cells control translation initiation using 5 ́ UTR-associated mechanisms. Regulation of translation initiation can also involve additional cap-binding proteins. The eIF4E-homologous protein (4EHP) competes with eIF4E to bind the mRNA 5 ́ cap structure. Unlike eIF4E, 4EHP does not promote translation since it is unable to recruit eIF4G and the ribosome. Instead, 4EHP represses translation and induces mRNA decay with the help of 4EHP-binding factors. The GIGYF1 and GIGYF2 proteins specifically associate with 4EHP and act as scaffolding proteins for GYF domain-associated proteins like tristetraprolin (TTP) or ZNF598, the RNA helicase and decapping activator DDX6, and NOT1 - a subunit of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex. When recruited to an mRNA, the 4EHP-GIGYF1/2 6 complexes thus elicit translation repression and mRNA decay. Although the molecular mechanisms have been studied in great detail, we only have sparse information on the pool of mRNAs subjected to 4EHP-GIGYF1/2 mediated repression and decay. Analysis of RNA- sequencing and ribosome profiling datasets of 4EHP- and GIGYF1/2-null cells revealed that the 4EHP-GIGYF1/2 complexes co-translationally target mRNAs with perturbed ribosome elongation or specific nascent peptide chains for decay. These include, among others, mRNAs encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted proteins, a- and b-tubulin subunits and mRNAs with CAG codon repeats encoding poly-glutamine (Q) stretches. In detail, the 4EHP- GIGYF1/2 complexes are recruited to target mRNAs via the GYF domain-associated proteins and upon binding to the mRNA 5 ́ cap, and DDX6, degrade the bound mRNA. My studies show for the first time how a repressive complex, associated with neurological disorders in animal models and affected humans, specifically minimizes the protein output of a subset of mRNAs. Altogether, I identified a previously unappreciated role of the 4EHP-GIGYF1/2 complexes in maintaining protein homeostasis and preventing excessive production of potentially toxic proteins. In summary, my studies increase our understanding of how metazoan cells utilize the translation control toolbox to fine-tune their proteome and react to developmental cues, adapt to environmental changes and maintain homeostasis. The identified translational programs are fundamental for establishing a multicellular organization but at the same time allow the organism to evade cancer and neurological diseases.
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Download or read book Translation and Its Regulation in Cancer Biology and Medicine written by Armen Parsyan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, for the first time, comprehensively assembles and analyzes a large body of information on the role of the fundamental mechanism of the protein biosynthesis pathway, translation, in cancer biology. It systematically explores the function of the translation machinery and its regulation, including cell signaling, in the development, maintenance and progression of human cancer. The work presented here unveils the tremendous potential and applications of this vast and exciting branch of genetic, biochemical and molecular science in cancer medicine and drug development. Chapters contributed by experts in the field take the reader on a journey that starts with a dissection of the translation machinery and its regulation in norm and cancer. Later chapters characterize etiological and pathogenetic roles that translation plays in specific cancer types. Various aspects of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic significance of the translation machinery and its control in cancer are discussed. Readers will discover the importance of the process of translation and its regulatory mechanisms in physiology and cancer biology. The chapters and the numerous illustrations included here were contributed by expert scientists and clinicians from renowned academic and clinical establishments in Canada, the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Italy, France, Belgium, Spain, Germany and Australia. The book conveys information and knowledge that may interest a broad range of students and scholars ranging from basic scientists to clinicians and drug developers seeking to better understand the protein synthesis and its aberrations in cancer biology and cancer medicine.
Download or read book Regulation of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation written by Christina Lorraine Shenvi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of the Interaction Between Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors 4G and 4A written by Krishnaben Patel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulation of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor Expression During T cell Activation written by Thomas Boal and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cells Molecules and Mechanisms written by Eric Wong and published by Axolotl Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Yet another cell and molecular biology book? At the very least, you would think that if I was going to write a textbook, I should write one in an area that really needs one instead of a subject that already has multiple excellent and definitive books. So, why write this book, then? First, it's a course that I have enjoyed teaching for many years, so I am very familiar with what a student really needs to take away from this class within the time constraints of a semester. Second, because it is a course that many students take, there is a greater opportunity to make an impact on more students' pocketbooks than if I were to start off writing a book for a highly specialized upper- level course. And finally, it was fun to research and write, and can be revised easily for inclusion as part of our next textbook, High School Biology."--Open Textbook Library.
Download or read book Evolution of the Protein Synthesis Machinery and Its Regulation written by Greco Hernández and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-10 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The “omics” era has given a new perspective to the findings on the origin and evolution of the process of translation. This book provides insight into the evolution of the translation process and machinery from a modern perspective. Written by leading experts in molecular biology, this text looks into the origins and evolution of the protein synthetic machinery.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Protein Synthesis written by Wayne S. Sossin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translational control in the nervous system is important. Many physiological processes in the nervous system depend on accurate control of the proteome that is mediated through protein synthetic mechanisms and thus, the nervous system is very sensitive to dysregulation of translational control. The Oxford Handbook of Neuronal Protein Synthesis reviews the mechanisms of translational control used by the nervous system, as well as how important nervous system functions, such as plasticity and homeostasis, depend on accurate translational control. The handbook extensively covers how dysregulation of protein synthesis can manifest itself in many distinct pathological processes including neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases. The handbook is comprehensive in its coverage of translational control mechanisms with particular focus on how these general control mechanisms are specifically utilized in the context of the cell biological constraints of the nervous system from both a mechanistic and systems perspective.
Download or read book TRNA written by Dieter Söll and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Translational Control of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4GI Expression written by Marshall Paul Byrd and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Examination of the Structure Function and Regulation of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 eIF3 written by Greg Leon Mayeur and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
