Download or read book Regulation of Adenosine Kinase and Adenosine Release from Endothelial Cells written by Kwan-Ki Hwang and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulatory Function of Adenosine written by Robert M. Berne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal objective of this symposium was to bring together investigators from all over the world who work in diverse areas of research but share a common interest in the physiologic and pathophysiologic funetions of the nueleoside adenosine. In 1978, the "International Conference on Physiological and Regulatory Funetions of Adenosine and Adenine Nueleotides," held in Banff, Canada, served as an effective catalyst in enabling scientists with differ ent points of view to exchange information and ideas on this subject. Since 1978, the amount of research on different as peets of adenosine metabolism, mechanism of action, transport, and function in various tissues (in both nor maI and abnormal states) has increased exponentially, and there was an urgent need for another meeting for updating information on this burgeoning subject. The focus of the meeting was extremely sharp, but the scope of the subject material was very broad. Scientists categorized as chemists, biochemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, and immunologists, working with cells and eelI fragments, with tissues such as heart, brain, musele, fat, kidney, and with human beings having immune deficiency diseases participated in the sym posium. They had an opportunity to air their differences, reinforce their areas of agreement, and, most important, they educated each other with respeet to research on adenosine; it is hoped that they also enriched their own research programs from the information they gained from their fellow participants.
Download or read book Extracellular ATP and adenosine as regulators of endothelial cell function written by Evgenia Gerasimovskaya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-26 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extracellular purines and pyrimidines (ATP, ADP, UTP and adenosine) are released into the extracellular milieu in response to a variety of stress conditions and act as important regulators of vascular homeostasis. This new book is uniquely focused on the signaling actions of extracellular purines in endothelial cells and the crucial role of extracellular purines in regulation of angiogenesis, vascular tone, cell permeability, wound healing, inflammation and cell-to-cell communication. This book examines the responses of endothelial cells, originating from various tissues (such as cornea, pancreas and uterus), to extracellular nucleotides and adenosine under physiological and pathological conditions, i.e. pregnancy, hypoxia, hypertension, inflammation and diabetes. In the book’s 12 chapters, the role of purinergic signaling in endothelium-dependent tissue perfusion, regulation of endothelial barrier function, and angiogenesis are discussed. The mechanisms of ATP release and its role in intercellular communication are also presented. In addition, the book provides the most up to date mechanisms of extracellular nucleotide metabolism by purine-converting ecto-enzymes and their contribution to purinergic signaling in endothelial cells originating from various vascular beds. This book is a valuable resource for biomedical research scientists, clinical scientists, graduate students and health science professionals interested in the mechanisms of extracellular purine function in endothelial cells under physiologic and pathologic conditions.
Download or read book Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides As Regulators of Cellular Function written by John W. Phillis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-06-14 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides valuable information for investigators interested in the signaling and regulatory functions of adenosine and the adenine nucleotides. Topics covered in this comprehensive volume include the historical development of research on adenosine and adenosine triphosphate; various aspects of the formation, metabolism, release, transport, and receptors for endogenous adenosine and the adenosine triphosphate; functions of purines at the cellular level; the role of adenosine in the regulation of flow in different vascular beds; and angiogenesis. The book also addresses the purinergic regulation of the cardiac, renal, gastro-intestinal, and central nervous system, as well as potential therapeutic avenues for purine use. The book will be valuable to physiologists, pharmacologists, and other basic and clinical scientists interested in updating their knowledge of the expanding biological roles of these substances.
Download or read book Role of Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides in the Biological System written by Shōichi Imai and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1991 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a broad view of the current research activities in adenosine and adenine nucleotide research, with contributions from many leading experts in the field. Like the three previous Symposia, the 4th International Symposium on Adenosine was designed to integrate the recent advances made in the rapidly expanding field of adenosine research by various biological and medical disciplines. Over 70 presentations were made, with over 60 posters displayed, and all the papers presented by the invited speakers and related discussions, as originally submitted by the authors are contained in this proceedings. This comprehensive text covers all important aspects of the subject and is a must for any scientist with an interest in adenosine research.
Download or read book Control of Adenosine in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells During Inflammation written by 李蕙琛 and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Control of Adenosine in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells During Inflammation" by 李蕙琛, Wai-sum, Rachel, Li, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "Control of adenosine in human umbilical vein endothelial cells during inflammation" Submitted by Li Wai Sum Rachel for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in August 2007 Inflammation of endothelium is closely related to the development of, and complications associated with atherosclerosis. Extracellular adenosine (ADO) levels are increased at the sites of inflammation. ADO is known to possess anti-inflammatory property so the increased ADO may protect tissues from inflammatory injury and potentially, slow down the development of atherosclerosis and adverse outcomes such as stroke and myocardial infraction. However, the mechanism(s) leading to the augmented extracellular ADO level during inflammation have not been fully understood. Based on the known mechanisms of endothelial ADO generation and removal, we suspected that three proteins in endothelial cells may be involved: 1) ecto-5'nucleotidase (E-5'Nu), which metabolizes extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) into ADO; 2) 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs), which control the rate of ADO transport across cell membrane and 3) adenosine deaminase (ADA), which breaks down ADO into inosine (INO). The aim of this study is to explore the mechanisms by which ADO is increased during inflammation. The effects of pharmacological interventions of E-5'Nu, ENTs and ADA on inflammation were also examined. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of dihydropyridine-type calcium channel antagonists (DHPs) on ENTs and the contribution of this effect in reducing endothelial cell inflammation was also investigated. Stimulation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was used as a model of endothelial inflammation. Our results showed that the activity and protein expression level of E-5'Nu in HUVEC were increased upon LPS stimulation at 24 hours but not earlier. The up-regulation of E-5'Nu was mediated through a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent pathway. In contrast, the activity of ENTs and ADA in HUVEC were unchanged by LPS. Pharmacological inhibition of E-5'Nu increased the LPS-induced inflammation, as measured by the release of IL-8 from HUVEC, probably because the generation of ADO during inflammation was abolished. Inhibitions of ENTs and ADA reduced IL-8 release, probably because they potentiate the effect of ADO by retarding the cellular uptake and degradation of ADO. Interestingly, some DHPs inhibited ENT1 and 2 ENT2. This property might account for their anti-inflammatory effects on HUVEC. Our results suggest that some DHPs, while treating vascular disease such as hypertension and angina pectoris, may also have potential in suppressing endothelial cells inflammation and hence, atherosclerosis and its complications. (Word Count: 365) 3 DOI: 10.5353/th_b3955747 Subjects: Endothelium Adenosine Inflammation Inflammation - Mediators
Download or read book Adenosine written by V. Stefanovich and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book thoroughly reviews research on adenosine and offers new ideas and information concerning the role and function of adenosine in mammalian systems.
Download or read book Effects of Extracellular Adenosine and ATP on Cardiomyocytes written by Luiz Belardinelli and published by Landes Bioscience. This book was released on 1999 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Endothelium written by Michel Félétou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Download or read book Adenosine Receptors in Health and Disease written by Constance N. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-28 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since their discovery approximately 25 years ago, adenosine receptors have now emerged as important novel molecular targets in disease and drug discovery. These proteins play important roles in the entire spectrum of disease from inflammation to immune suppression. Because of their expression on a number of different cell types and in a number of different organ systems they play important roles in specific diseases, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, stroke, cancer, sepsis, and obesity. As a result of intense investigations into understanding the molecular structures and pharmacology of these proteins, new molecules have been synthesized that have high specificity for these proteins and are now entering clinical trials. These molecules will define the next new classes of drugs for a number of diseases with unmet medical needs.
Download or read book Nucleotide Metabolism written by J. Frank Henderson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleotide Metabolism: An Introduction is a textbook exclusively focusing on the study of the aspects of nucleotide metabolism. The book intends to present the chemistry and metabolism of nucleotides, one of the oldest subjects of biochemistry. The text is divided in two parts. Part I considers the general aspects of nucleotide metabolism such as the history of the discovery of nucleotides; functions of nucleotides in cells; and group-transfer reactions during nucleotide metabolism. Part II deals with the synthesis, formation, and conversion of purine ribonucleotides. Biochemists, pharmacologists, and researchers in the fields of medicine and pharmaceuticals will find the book invaluable.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.
Download or read book Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow written by Michitoshi Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Download or read book Astrocytes and Epilepsy written by Jacqueline A. Hubbard and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation
Download or read book The Adenosine Receptors written by Pier Andrea Borea and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-07-28 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the history of adenosine receptor research from molecular biology to medicinal chemistry to behavior, including their implications in disease and potential strategies as therapeutic targets. It provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the adenosine receptors that includes information on all subtypes - A1, A2A, A2B and A3. Aspects addressed include the most up to date information on their functional distribution in the nervous and peripheral systems, behavioral roles in inflammation, cancer, pain and neurological diseases such as Huntington’s disease, Epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.
Download or read book Protein Kinase D Downstream Effectors written by An Rykx and published by . This book was released on 2007-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
