Download or read book Regression Analysis in Medical Research written by Ton J. Cleophas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition is a pretty complete textbook and tutorial for medical and health care students, as well as a recollection/update bench, and help desk for professionals. Novel approaches already applied in published clinical research will be addressed: matrix analyses, alpha spending, gate keeping, kriging, interval censored regressions, causality regressions, canonical regressions, quasi-likelihood regressions, novel non-parametric regressions. Each chapter can be studied as a stand-alone, and covers one field in the fast growing world of regression analyses. The authors, as professors in statistics and machine learning at European universities, are worried, that their students find regression-analyses harder than any other methodology in statistics. This is serious, because almost all of the novel methodologies in current data mining and data analysis include elements of regression-analysis. It is the main incentive for writing this 28 chapter edition, consistent of - 28 major fields of regression analysis, - their condensed maths, - their applications in medical and health research as published so far, - step by step analyses for self-assessment, - conclusion and reference sections. Traditional regression analysis is adequate for epidemiology, but lacks the precision required for clinical investigations. However, in the past two decades modern regression methods have proven to be much more precise. And so it is time, that a book described regression analyses for clinicians. The current edition is the first to do so. It is written for a non-mathematical readership. Self-assessment data-files are provided through Springer' s "Extras Online".

Download or read book Regression Models as a Tool in Medical Research written by Werner Vach and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While regression models have become standard tools in medical research, understanding how to properly apply the models and interpret the results is often challenging for beginners. Regression Models as a Tool in Medical Research presents the fundamental concepts and important aspects of regression models most commonly used in medical research, including the classical regression model for continuous outcomes, the logistic regression model for binary outcomes, and the Cox proportional hazards model for survival data. The text emphasizes adequate use, correct interpretation of results, appropriate presentation of results, and avoidance of potential pitfalls. After reviewing popular models and basic methods, the book focuses on advanced topics and techniques. It considers the comparison of regression coefficients, the selection of covariates, the modeling of nonlinear and nonadditive effects, and the analysis of clustered and longitudinal data, highlighting the impact of selection mechanisms, measurement error, and incomplete covariate data. The text then covers the use of regression models to construct risk scores and predictors. It also gives an overview of more specific regression models and their applications as well as alternatives to regression modeling. The mathematical details underlying the estimation and inference techniques are provided in the appendices.

Download or read book Understanding Regression Analysis written by Larry D. Schroeder and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1986-04 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing beginners with a background to the frequently-used technique of linear regression, this text provides a heuristic explanation of the procedures and terms used in regression analysis and has been written at the most elementary level.

Download or read book Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records written by MIT Critical Data and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book trains the next generation of scientists representing different disciplines to leverage the data generated during routine patient care. It formulates a more complete lexicon of evidence-based recommendations and support shared, ethical decision making by doctors with their patients. Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve rapidly, and both individual practitioners and clinical teams face increasingly complex ethical decisions. Unfortunately, the current state of medical knowledge does not provide the guidance to make the majority of clinical decisions on the basis of evidence. The present research infrastructure is inefficient and frequently produces unreliable results that cannot be replicated. Even randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the traditional gold standards of the research reliability hierarchy, are not without limitations. They can be costly, labor intensive, and slow, and can return results that are seldom generalizable to every patient population. Furthermore, many pertinent but unresolved clinical and medical systems issues do not seem to have attracted the interest of the research enterprise, which has come to focus instead on cellular and molecular investigations and single-agent (e.g., a drug or device) effects. For clinicians, the end result is a bit of a “data desert” when it comes to making decisions. The new research infrastructure proposed in this book will help the medical profession to make ethically sound and well informed decisions for their patients.

Download or read book Medical Uses of Statistics Second Edition written by Bailar/Mostelle and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-03-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the purpose of statistical methods in medical studies & analyzes the statistical techniques used by clinical investigators, with special emphasis on studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine. Clarifies fundamental concepts of statistical design & analysis & facilitates the understanding of research results.

Download or read book Applications of Regression Models in Epidemiology written by Erick Suárez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop guide for public health students and practitioners learning the applications of classical regression models in epidemiology This book is written for public health professionals and students interested in applying regression models in the field of epidemiology. The academic material is usually covered in public health courses including (i) Applied Regression Analysis, (ii) Advanced Epidemiology, and (iii) Statistical Computing. The book is composed of 13 chapters, including an introduction chapter that covers basic concepts of statistics and probability. Among the topics covered are linear regression model, polynomial regression model, weighted least squares, methods for selecting the best regression equation, and generalized linear models and their applications to different epidemiological study designs. An example is provided in each chapter that applies the theoretical aspects presented in that chapter. In addition, exercises are included and the final chapter is devoted to the solutions of these academic exercises with answers in all of the major statistical software packages, including STATA, SAS, SPSS, and R. It is assumed that readers of this book have a basic course in biostatistics, epidemiology, and introductory calculus. The book will be of interest to anyone looking to understand the statistical fundamentals to support quantitative research in public health. In addition, this book: • Is based on the authors’ course notes from 20 years teaching regression modeling in public health courses • Provides exercises at the end of each chapter • Contains a solutions chapter with answers in STATA, SAS, SPSS, and R • Provides real-world public health applications of the theoretical aspects contained in the chapters Applications of Regression Models in Epidemiology is a reference for graduate students in public health and public health practitioners. ERICK SUÁREZ is a Professor of the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology at the University of Puerto Rico School of Public Health. He received a Ph.D. degree in Medical Statistics from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He has 29 years of experience teaching biostatistics. CYNTHIA M. PÉREZ is a Professor of the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology at the University of Puerto Rico School of Public Health. She received an M.S. degree in Statistics and a Ph.D. degree in Epidemiology from Purdue University. She has 22 years of experience teaching epidemiology and biostatistics. ROBERTO RIVERA is an Associate Professor at the College of Business at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. He received a Ph.D. degree in Statistics from the University of California in Santa Barbara. He has more than five years of experience teaching statistics courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels. MELISSA N. MARTÍNEZ is an Account Supervisor at Havas Media International. She holds an MPH in Biostatistics from the University of Puerto Rico and an MSBA from the National University in San Diego, California. For the past seven years, she has been performing analyses for the biomedical research and media advertising fields.

Download or read book Regression Methods in Biostatistics written by Eric Vittinghoff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fresh edition, substantially revised and augmented, provides a unified, in-depth, readable introduction to the multipredictor regression methods most widely used in biostatistics. The examples used, analyzed using Stata, can be applied to other areas.

Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Regression Analysis and Causal Inference written by Henning Best and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ′The editors of the new SAGE Handbook of Regression Analysis and Causal Inference have assembled a wide-ranging, high-quality, and timely collection of articles on topics of central importance to quantitative social research, many written by leaders in the field. Everyone engaged in statistical analysis of social-science data will find something of interest in this book.′ - John Fox, Professor, Department of Sociology, McMaster University ′The authors do a great job in explaining the various statistical methods in a clear and simple way - focussing on fundamental understanding, interpretation of results, and practical application - yet being precise in their exposition.′ - Ben Jann, Executive Director, Institute of Sociology, University of Bern ′Best and Wolf have put together a powerful collection, especially valuable in its separate discussions of uses for both cross-sectional and panel data analysis.′ -Tom Smith, Senior Fellow, NORC, University of Chicago Edited and written by a team of leading international social scientists, this Handbook provides a comprehensive introduction to multivariate methods. The Handbook focuses on regression analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal data with an emphasis on causal analysis, thereby covering a large number of different techniques including selection models, complex samples, and regression discontinuities. Each Part starts with a non-mathematical introduction to the method covered in that section, giving readers a basic knowledge of the method’s logic, scope and unique features. Next, the mathematical and statistical basis of each method is presented along with advanced aspects. Using real-world data from the European Social Survey (ESS) and the Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP), the book provides a comprehensive discussion of each method’s application, making this an ideal text for PhD students and researchers embarking on their own data analysis.

Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research A User s Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)

Download or read book Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.

Download or read book Regression Analysis written by Ashish Sen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date, rigorous, and lucid treatment of the theory, methods, and applications of regression analysis, and thus ideally suited for those interested in the theory as well as those whose interests lie primarily with applications. It is further enhanced through real-life examples drawn from many disciplines, showing the difficulties typically encountered in the practice of regression analysis. Consequently, this book provides a sound foundation in the theory of this important subject.

Download or read book Applied Regression Analysis written by Norman R. Draper and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An outstanding introduction to the fundamentals of regression analysis-updated and expanded The methods of regression analysis are the most widely used statistical tools for discovering the relationships among variables. This classic text, with its emphasis on clear, thorough presentation of concepts and applications, offers a complete, easily accessible introduction to the fundamentals of regression analysis. Assuming only a basic knowledge of elementary statistics, Applied Regression Analysis, Third Edition focuses on the fitting and checking of both linear and nonlinear regression models, using small and large data sets, with pocket calculators or computers. This Third Edition features separate chapters on multicollinearity, generalized linear models, mixture ingredients, geometry of regression, robust regression, and resampling procedures. Extensive support materials include sets of carefully designed exercises with full or partial solutions and a series of true/false questions with answers. All data sets used in both the text and the exercises can be found on the companion disk at the back of the book. For analysts, researchers, and students in university, industrial, and government courses on regression, this text is an excellent introduction to the subject and an efficient means of learning how to use a valuable analytical tool. It will also prove an invaluable reference resource for applied scientists and statisticians.

Download or read book Clinical Prediction Models written by Ewout W. Steyerberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this volume provides insight and practical illustrations on how modern statistical concepts and regression methods can be applied in medical prediction problems, including diagnostic and prognostic outcomes. Many advances have been made in statistical approaches towards outcome prediction, but a sensible strategy is needed for model development, validation, and updating, such that prediction models can better support medical practice. There is an increasing need for personalized evidence-based medicine that uses an individualized approach to medical decision-making. In this Big Data era, there is expanded access to large volumes of routinely collected data and an increased number of applications for prediction models, such as targeted early detection of disease and individualized approaches to diagnostic testing and treatment. Clinical Prediction Models presents a practical checklist that needs to be considered for development of a valid prediction model. Steps include preliminary considerations such as dealing with missing values; coding of predictors; selection of main effects and interactions for a multivariable model; estimation of model parameters with shrinkage methods and incorporation of external data; evaluation of performance and usefulness; internal validation; and presentation formatting. The text also addresses common issues that make prediction models suboptimal, such as small sample sizes, exaggerated claims, and poor generalizability. The text is primarily intended for clinical epidemiologists and biostatisticians. Including many case studies and publicly available R code and data sets, the book is also appropriate as a textbook for a graduate course on predictive modeling in diagnosis and prognosis. While practical in nature, the book also provides a philosophical perspective on data analysis in medicine that goes beyond predictive modeling. Updates to this new and expanded edition include: • A discussion of Big Data and its implications for the design of prediction models • Machine learning issues • More simulations with missing ‘y’ values • Extended discussion on between-cohort heterogeneity • Description of ShinyApp • Updated LASSO illustration • New case studies

Download or read book Understanding Regression Analysis written by Peter H. Westfall and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Regression Analysis unifies diverse regression applications including the classical model, ANOVA models, generalized models including Poisson, Negative binomial, logistic, and survival, neural networks, and decision trees under a common umbrella -- namely, the conditional distribution model. It explains why the conditional distribution model is the correct model, and it also explains (proves) why the assumptions of the classical regression model are wrong. Unlike other regression books, this one from the outset takes a realistic approach that all models are just approximations. Hence, the emphasis is to model Nature’s processes realistically, rather than to assume (incorrectly) that Nature works in particular, constrained ways. Key features of the book include: Numerous worked examples using the R software Key points and self-study questions displayed "just-in-time" within chapters Simple mathematical explanations ("baby proofs") of key concepts Clear explanations and applications of statistical significance (p-values), incorporating the American Statistical Association guidelines Use of "data-generating process" terminology rather than "population" Random-X framework is assumed throughout (the fixed-X case is presented as a special case of the random-X case) Clear explanations of probabilistic modelling, including likelihood-based methods Use of simulations throughout to explain concepts and to perform data analyses This book has a strong orientation towards science in general, as well as chapter-review and self-study questions, so it can be used as a textbook for research-oriented students in the social, biological and medical, and physical and engineering sciences. As well, its mathematical emphasis makes it ideal for a text in mathematics and statistics courses. With its numerous worked examples, it is also ideally suited to be a reference book for all scientists.

Download or read book Regression Analysis for Categorical Moderators written by Herman Aguinis and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the stability of personality vary by gender or ethnicity? Does a particular therapy work better to treat clients with one type of personality disorder than those with another? Providing a solution to thorny problems such as these, Aguinis shows readers how to better assess whether the relationship between two variables is moderated by group membership through the use of a statistical technique, moderated multiple regression (MMR). Clearly written, the book requires only basic knowledge of inferential statistics. It helps students, researchers, and practitioners determine whether a particular intervention is likely to yield dissimilar outcomes for members of various groups. Associated computer programs and data sets are available at the author's website (http: //mypage.iu.edu/ haguinis/mmr).

Download or read book Regression Analysis and Linear Models written by Richard B. Darlington and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizing conceptual understanding over mathematics, this user-friendly text introduces linear regression analysis to students and researchers across the social, behavioral, consumer, and health sciences. Coverage includes model construction and estimation, quantification and measurement of multivariate and partial associations, statistical control, group comparisons, moderation analysis, mediation and path analysis, and regression diagnostics, among other important topics. Engaging worked-through examples demonstrate each technique, accompanied by helpful advice and cautions. The use of SPSS, SAS, and STATA is emphasized, with an appendix on regression analysis using R. The companion website (www.afhayes.com) provides datasets for the book's examples as well as the RLM macro for SPSS and SAS. Pedagogical Features: *Chapters include SPSS, SAS, or STATA code pertinent to the analyses described, with each distinctively formatted for easy identification. *An appendix documents the RLM macro, which facilitates computations for estimating and probing interactions, dominance analysis, heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors, and linear spline regression, among other analyses. *Students are guided to practice what they learn in each chapter using datasets provided online. *Addresses topics not usually covered, such as ways to measure a variable’s importance, coding systems for representing categorical variables, causation, and myths about testing interaction.

Download or read book Biostatistics for Medical and Biomedical Practitioners written by Julien I. E. Hoffman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biostatistics for Practitioners: An Interpretative Guide for Medicine and Biology deals with several aspects of statistics that are indispensable for researchers and students across the biomedical sciences. The book features a step-by-step approach, focusing on standard statistical tests, as well as discussions of the most common errors. The book is based on the author's 40+ years of teaching statistics to medical fellows and biomedical researchers across a wide range of fields. - Discusses how to use the standard statistical tests in the biomedical field, as well as how to make statistical inferences (t test, ANOVA, regression etc.) - Includes non-standards tests, including equivalence or non-inferiority testing, extreme value statistics, cross-over tests, and simple time series procedures such as the runs test and Cusums - Introduces procedures such as multiple regression, Poisson regression, meta-analysis and resampling statistics, and provides references for further studies