Download or read book Regions Of E Coli RNA Polymerase Required For Lambda Q Mediated Antitermination In Binding And Function written by Heeyoun Bunch and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled gene expression in phage [lamda] is a model of transcription regulation which is mainly mediated by transcription factors to activate or repress E. coli RNA polymerase (RNAP). They switch appropriate genes on or off, determining the lysogenic or lytic pathway of progeny phages. Q is a [lamda] late gene regulator that exerts antitermination for products of the pR' promoter. Previous studies presented exciting aspects of [lamda]Q modification of RNAP which cause dramatic changes in the protein under certain conditions. RNAP engaged with [lamda]Q escapes a [sigma]-mediated promoter proximal pause and overcomes an intrinsic terminator downstream of the pR' promoter. In addition, [lamda]Q alters RNAP dynamics, aiding faster elongation, fewer pauses, and resistance to both the intrinsic and [rho]-dependent termination. Although [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination was characterized with previous works as described above, the mechanism by which [lamda]Q exerts antitermination is still unclear. In order to uncover this mechanism, this study attempted to answer the fundamental question of where [lamda]Q interacts with RNAP. First, the two largest subunits of RNAP were systematically dissected to map a [lamda]Q binding region on RNAP. The results suggested a clustered region of three fragments of [beta] and [beta]' for [lamda]Q binding, and as small as 82 amino acids ([beta]600-681) within this region were identified to bind to [lamda]Q. Second, a potential [lamda]Q binding region of RNAP proposed by a previous study was evaluated in this study. Although the region is located in the surface domain of [beta]600- 681, mutational analyses targeting the region demonstrated little [lamda]Q binding. Third, twelve RNAP mutants that reduce [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination were identified, and they suggested four spatial regions of RNAP as critical for [lamda]Q antitermination. Finally, one of the RNAP mutants, [beta]K1073G, presented altered function of NusA, a transcription elongation factor, in [lamda]Q-mediated antitermination at the intrinsic terminator, providing evidence of cooperation between NusA and [lamda]Q antitermination.
Download or read book Identification of Targets in E Coli RNA Polymerase for the Transcription Antiterminator Q Protein written by Haitao Sun and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transcription Antitermination Mediated by the Phage Lambda Q Protein written by Mark Steven Kainz and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Bacteriophages written by Richard Calendar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative, timely, and comprehensively referenced compendium on the bacteriophages explores current views of how viruses infect bacteria. In combination with classical phage molecular genetics, new structural, genomic, and single-molecule technologies have rendered an explosion in our knowledge of phages. Bacteriophages, the most abundant and genetically diverse type of organism in the biosphere, were discovered at the beginning of the 20th century and enjoyed decades of used as anti-bacterial agents before being eclipsed by the antibiotic era. Since 1988, phages have come back into the spotlight as major factors in pathogenesis, bacterial evolution, and ecology. This book reveals their compelling elegence of function and their almost inconceivable diversity.Much of the founding work in molecular biology and structural biology was done on bacteriophages. These are widely used in molecular biology research and in biotechnology, as probes and markers, and in the popular method of assesing gene expression.
Download or read book The FASEB Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of the Functional Domains and Characterization of the DNA binding Domain of Phage Lambda Q Protein written by Jingshu Guo and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea written by Gisela Storz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing the many roles of RNA in regulating gene expression For decades after the discoveries of messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA, it was largely assumed that the role of RNA in the cell was limited to shuttling the genomic message, chaperoning amino acids, and toiling in the ribosomes. Eventually, hints that RNA molecules might have regulatory roles began to appear. With the advent of genomics and bioinformatics, it became evident that numerous other RNA forms exist and have specific functions, including small RNAs (sRNA), RNA thermometers, and riboswitches to regulate core metabolic pathways, bacterial pathogenesis, iron homeostasis, quorum sensing, and biofilm formation. All of these functions, and more, are presented in Regulating with RNA in Bacteria and Archaea, written by RNA biologists from around the globe. Divided into eight sections-RNases and Helicases, Cis-Acting RNAs, Cis Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Trans-Encoded Base Pairing RNAs, Protein Titration and Scaffolding, General Considerations, Emerging Topics, and Resources-this book serves as an excellent resource for established RNA biologists and for the many scientists who are studying regulated cellular systems. It is no longer a fair assumption that gene expression regulation is the provenance of proteins only or that control is exerted primarily at the level of transcription. This book makes clear that regulatory RNAs are key partners along with proteins in controlling the complex interactions and pathways found within prokaryotes.
Download or read book Regulation of Transcription Elongation Termination and Antitermination in the Bacterium Escherichia Coli and Coliphage Lambda written by Chuanhai Zheng and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Analysis of the RNA Binding Domains of the E Coli NUSA Protein written by Ying Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transcription Antitermination Mediated by Lambdoid Phage Q Proteins written by Xianjie Yang and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Signals Switches Regulons and Cascades written by Society for General Microbiology. Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-04-18 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book Dissection of E Coli RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme Into the Minimal Portion Sufficient for Non template Strand Binding written by Brian Anthony Young and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interaction of the Antitermination Factor Q with Complexes of RNA Polymerase and DNA written by William Sidney Yarnell and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Protein Nucleic Acid Interactions in the Lambdoid Late Promoter and Early Transcribed Region written by Michael Thomas Marr and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Local and Genome scale Study of the Interplay Between Escherichia Coli RNA Polymerase and Nucleoid associated Proteins written by Erik Dean Jessen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacterial transcription, once thought to be organized into discrete, largely non-overlapping units, has been revealed by deep cDNA sequencing to generate ubiquitous, overlapping, sense and antisense RNAs, many of which are noncoding. The function of the extensive antisense transcription of bacterial genes is controversial, and unclear in lieu of mechanistic dissection. We report here characterization of a model antisense transcription unit (bglAS) in the cryptic, H-NS-silenced b-glucoside utilization operon of E. coli K-12 (bglGFBH). bglAS was discovered because inhibition of Rho greatly increased its level and length. We created bglAS- alleles with little or no effect on bglF encoded in the sense strand by disabling the bglAS promoter with base substitutions. Although bglAS exists in a small H-NS-free island in the otherwise H-NS-coated bgl operon, the H-NS distribution is unchanged in bglAS- strains. However, when bglGFBH sense transcription was activated, bglAS decreased b-glucoside-induction of bgl gene expression via BglG-mediated antitermination of the bgl operon attenuators. Using a time series of ChIP-chip, we found that RNA polymerase progression through bglGFBH is hindered by bglAS transcription. In contrast, overexpression of bglAS RNA in trans had no effect on bgl operon induction, supporting bglAS function by transcriptional interference with bglGFBH expression. The bglAS promoter was upregulated by nitrite, consistent with bioinformatic detection of adjacent NarL/P binding sites and suggesting potential bglAS function as an environmental modulator. The proximity of bglAS to the surrounding H-NS filaments led us to investigate the interactions between transcription and H-NS. Consistent with the inability of transcription to affect H-NS binding patterns at the bgl operon, the genome-scale H-NS distribution exhibited minimal change when all transcription was inhibited with rifampicin. However, deletion of H-NS and StpA, an H-NS paralog, resulted in increased progression of RNAP along active, H-NS bound transcription units. Analyzing NET-seq data suggested that H-NS inhibits RNAP progression by promoting pausing of RNAP at non-canonical pause sequences. In contrast to H-NS, the nucleoid-associated protein HU was found to have a distribution pattern mirroring highly active transcription units. Upon further investigation, HU most closely correlated with the presence of R-loops, stable RNA:DNA hybrids external of RNAP. R-loop levels are independent of the presence of HU, suggesting HU is not involved in the resolution of R-loops. Instead, deletion of HU confers sensitivity to reactive oxygen species, and we propose a model by where HU binds to the areas around R-loops to protect DNA from mutagenesis. The combined studies presented here are a significant advancement in our understanding of the function of antisense transcripts and the interaction between transcription and nucleoid-associated proteins.
Download or read book Mutational Analysis of Transcription Antitermination Mediated by Lambdoid Phage Gene Q Products written by Hwai-Chen Guo and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
