Download or read book Reforms During Coalition Governments in Japan a Study Since 1990 written by Dr. Mahendra Prakash and published by Vandana Publications. This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Japan, the political instability in the late 1980s, has led many adaptations and this has directly affected the policy execution in the economic and social sector since 1990. The political development in Japan was associated with the development of modernity initiated in the Meiji period, which created a space not only for the political development, however for the prosperous economy as well. The post war years saw the influence of Allied Powers and after the World War II, the leading political party, Liberal Democratic Party continued as the longest ruling party. The era of single party rule led to political stability and economic wonders in Japan until the late 1980s. With the passage of time, disreputable political activities influenced the social, political and economic arrangements. In addition to this, the aging population of Japan, led the labor shortage and for the subsequent demand to adopt the welfare policies earliest. After the year 1990, it was essential to reform the malfunctioned political system, the economic outlook as well as the social sector. The reform implementation by the coalition governments, which began in early 1990s, is continue. This book dealing with the exploration of political changes in Japan and contains six chapters. Each chapter validates the title of the book. The analysis of the events has been explained in chronological order, wherever required and appendices attached for the explanatory and statistical reference. Hope this book will be helpful to all readers in understanding the operative nature and state of affairs of Japanese politics as well as the coalition government. Suggestions from the readers, scholars and experts, shall be appreciated

Download or read book Coalition Government And Reforms written by Mahendra Prakash and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan maintains the established political process which reflects in the working of government and in the policies. Beginning from the Meiji restoration to the contemporary parliamentary functioning, Japan has developed its own kind of legislatorial democracy. Formation of the coalition government in the early of the 1990s was the change occurred due to the little less popular policies and political culture, existed after the occupation period. It is evident that the single party dominance has led the inclusive development in Japan; however, it also increased political apathy among the Japanese public in the meantime. Since 1990, a number of coalition governments were formed, and reforms initiated to bring back Japan with larger attainment. The dominant political parties, Liberal Democratic Party (Jiy -Minshut ) and Democratic Party of Japan (Minshut ), formed the coalition governments with their allies and tried to win the public good turn through implementing major reforms. Exploring the practice of political parties and political leadership, the study would be useful to all who considers that the politics should always be associated with the development and integrity."

Download or read book Power Shuffles and Policy Processes written by Hideo Ōtake and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s were a time of political upheaval in Japan. When the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) lost its monopoly on power, which it had held for 38 years, as a result of the House of Representatives election of 1993, Japanese politics entered the coalition era. From 1993 to 1998, the reins of government were held by two types of coalitions: non-LDP coalitions and coalitions that included the LDP and its longtime rival, the Social Democratic Party of Japan (SDP). Although the LDP organized its own government in the early summer of 1998, that year's House of Councillors election returned Japan to the coalition era. The coalition era in the 1990s was also a period of party reorganization. In the fall of 1998, only two parties remained of the nine that had existed in the summer of 1993. This shuffling of power between the LDP and coalition governments affected the policymaking process in general and certain issues in particular. In this book, six political scientists present in-depth analyses of power shuffles and policymaking in Japan in the 1990s. Specific cases of policymaking discussed include administrative reform of quasi-governmental organizations dealing with public finance and business operations; the review of telecommunications policy undertaken in tandem with the consideration of issues concerning the privatization and deregulation of the telecom giant Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation; and the establishment of long-term care insurance (LTCI) for the elderly. Typical of the style followed in the case study chapters, the discussion of LTCI gives background on the issues concerned, examines the relevant political events at each stage of the policy process--agenda-setting, preparation of a draft bill, compromises made, and final outcome--and analyzes how successful the coalition governments were in changing long-established patterns of policymaking. Other chapters present the backdrop to the political events of the 1990s by examining the impact of voter preference on party realignment and policy conflict from the 1970s to the present, and discuss structural reform by the SDPJ and the changes it made in policy when its chairman was named prime minister in 1994. Also considered is the degree of similarity and difference among the policymaking processes of the LDP and the various coalition governments.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Japanese Politics written by Robert J. Pekkanen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Book Abstract and Keywords: The study of Japanese politics has flourished over the past several decades. This Handbook provides a state-of-the-field overview for students and researchers of Japanese. The volume also serves to introduce Japanese politics to readers less familiar with Japan. In addition, the volume has a theme of "evaluating Japan's democracy." Taken as a whole, the volume provides a positive evaluation of the state of Japan's democracy. The volume is divided into two parts, roughly corresponding to domestic Japanese politics and Japan's international politics. Within the domestic politics part, there are four distinct sections: "Domestic Political Actors and Institutions," covering the Japanese Constitution, electoral systems, prime minister, Diet, bureaucracy, judiciary, and local government; "Political Parties and Coalitions," covering the Liberal Democratic Party, coalition government, Kōmeitō, and the political opposition; "Policymaking and the Public," covering the policymaking process, public opinion, civil society, and populism; and, "Political Economy and Social Policy," covering industrial, energy, social welfare, agricultural, monetary, and immigration policies, as well as social inequality. In the international relations part, there are four sections: "International Relations Frameworks," covering grand strategy, international organizations, and international status; "International Political Economy," covering trade, finance, foreign direct investment, the environment, economic regionalism, and the linkage between security and economics; "International Security," covering remilitarization, global and regional security multilateralism, nuclear nonproliferation, naval power, space security, and cybersecurity; and, "Foreign Relations" covering Japan's relations with the United States, China, South Korea, ASEAN, India, the European Union, and Russia. Keywords: international relations, comparative politics, democracy, international order, alliances, space security, elections, Liberal Democratic Party, multilateralism, remilitarization, international organizations, populism, civil society, coalitions, political parties, trade, finance monetary policy, foreign direct investment, cybersecurity"--

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Japan s LDP written by Ellis S. Krauss and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how the persistence of party institutions (factions, PARC, koenkai) and the transformed role of party leadership in Japan contributed both to the LDP's success at remaining in power for 15 years and its downfall.

Download or read book Critical Readings on the Liberal Democratic Party in Japan written by Robert Pekkanen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 1684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work collects decades of the best published scholarship in English on the unequivocally most successful political party in Japanese history: the Liberal Democratic Party (the LDP). Governing Japan for almost the entirety of the post-war period, the LDP also has a claim to be the most successful political party in any post-war democracy. Seminal articles in this collection explore the key aspects of the LDP: the party's evolution since its founding in 1955; key facets of the LDP's internal organization including factions and koenkai; the LDP in policy-making, including its relationship with the bureaucracy and interest groups, as well as its policy-making committee apparatus; and, party leadership, including the premierships of Junichiro Koizumi and Shinzo Abe.

Download or read book Political Reform in Japan written by Alisa Gaunder and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-04-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparing successful and unsuccessful reform drives by Japanese leaders, Alisa Gaunder argues that the quality of political leadership is the crucial determinant of whether parties in positions of dominance, pass or reject policies.

Download or read book Welfare and Capitalism in Postwar Japan written by Margarita Estevez-Abe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-21 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how postwar Japan managed to achieve a highly egalitarian form of capitalism despite meager social spending. Estevez-Abe develops an institutional, rational-choice model to solve this puzzle. She shows how Japan's electoral system generated incentives that led political actors to protect various groups that lost out in market competition. She explains how Japan's postwar welfare state relied upon various alternatives to orthodox social spending programs. The initial postwar success of Japan's political economy has given way to periods of crisis and reform. This book follows this story up to the present day. Estevez-Abe shows how the current electoral system renders obsolete the old form of social protection. She argues that institutionally Japan now resembles Britain and predicts that Japan's welfare system will also come to resemble Britain's. Japan thus faces a more market-oriented society and less equality.

Download or read book A Natural Experiment on Electoral Law Reform written by Daniela Giannetti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1990s, major electoral reforms took place in both Italy and Japan; each replaced a form of “proportional representation” (in which voters cast a ballot for a party list) with a “mixed member” system (in which voters cast ballots for individual candidates and party lists). The reforms were enacted by political elites in the context of divisions within the dominant party, changing patterns of party support, and party splits, in efforts to retain power while responding to charges of corruption, clientelism, and lack of accountability. The experiences of both countries provide a laboratory in which to investigate the effects and implications of the reforms, and, more broadly to analyze voter behavior in the context of institutional change. The introduction provides an overview of post-WWII politics and electoral reform in Italy and Japan. In each of the next four chapters, specialists in Italian and Japanese electoral politics are teamed up to review data both before and after the reforms. Within this comparative framework, the authors explore such topics as changes in party competition, candidate selection mechanisms, and intra-party politics. The concluding chapter considers the longer-term consequences—both anticipated and unanticipated—of the reforms; despite superficially similar conditions, the effects in the two countries were dramatically different: in Japan, the new system has taken hold, with minor modifications, while in Italy, there was a reversion to a proportional representation system. As the essays in this volume demonstrate, to understand why similar reforms had such different effects in the two countries we must examine how electoral systems are embedded in broader institutional and social arrangements, and at the complex interplay of political geography, political history, and the rational calculations of political actors.

Download or read book Japan Under the DPJ written by Kenji E. Kushida and published by Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) came to power in 2009 with a commanding majority, ending fifty years of almost uninterrupted Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) rule. What explains the DPJ's rapid rise to power? Why has policy change under the DPJ been limited, despite high expectations and promises of bold reform? Why has the party been paralyzed by internecine conflict? This volume examines the DPJ's ascendance and its policies once in power. Chapters in the volume cover: DPJ candidate recruitment, the influence of media coverage, nationalization of elections, electoral system constraints on policy change, the role of third parties, municipal mergers, the role of women, transportation policy, fiscal decentralization, information technology, response to the Fukushima nuclear disaster, security strategy, and foreign policy. Japan under the DPJ makes important contributions to the study of Japanese politics, while drawing upon and advancing scholarship on a wider range of issues of interest to political scientists. Contributors include Kenneth McElwain (University of Michigan), Ethan Scheiner (University of California-Davis), Steven Reed (Chuo University, Japan ), Kay Shimizu (Columbia University), Daniel Smith (Stanford University), Robert Pekkanen (University of Washington), Ellis Krauss (University of California-San Diego), Yukio Maeda (University of Tokyo), Linda Hasunuma (Franklin and Marshall College), Alisa Gaunder (Southwestern University), Christopher Hughes (University of Warwick, UK), and Daniel Sneider (Stanford University).

Download or read book Spending Without Taxation written by Gene Park and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-25 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This work demonstrates how the Fiscal Investment Loan Program (FILP) enabled the Japanese government to run a neo-classical fiscal policy based on low budget spending from the end of the 1940s to 1970.

Download or read book The Changing Face of Japanese Retail written by Louella Matsunaga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines employment structure, working practice and recruitment strategies in Japanese retail in the 1990s through a case-study of one large chain store. Issues focused on include gender in the workplace, changing notions of corporate community and the impact of Japan's recent recession. In particular the research presented here challenges the view of part-time female staff as peripheral to the workforce and asks whether a rethink of the Japanese employment system is now overdue.

Download or read book Social Policy Review 36 written by Bozena Sojka and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2024-06-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available Open Access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Experts from across the globe review leading social policy scholarship in this new volume in the Social Policy Review series. Specialists explore local and multi-level trends in social policy including government responses to the cost-of-living crisis in the UK and decentralisation in primary health care in Thailand. They also review policy responses to working age risks in England, Italy and Australia, as well as policy developments and transformations such as social protection in Japan and Australia and immigration resettlement schemes in the UK. Published in association with the Social Policy Association, the latest book in this respected series will be essential reading for students and academics in social policy, social welfare and related disciplines.

Download or read book The Politics of Structural Reforms written by Hideko Magara and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative volume will be an excellent resource for political scientists specialized in political economy and industrial relations, labour economists and sociologists as well as policy practitioners and corporate governance specialists. Moreover,

Download or read book Deficits and Debt in Industrialized Democracies written by Eisaku Ide and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the global financial crisis, government debt has soared globally by 40 percent and now exceeds an astonishing $100 trillion. Not all countries, though, have fared the same. Indeed, even prior to the financial crisis, the fiscal fates of countries have been diverging, despite predictions that pressures from economic globalization push countries toward more convergent fiscally conservative policies. Featuring the work of an international interdisciplinary team of scholars, this volume explains patterns of fiscal performance (persistent patterns of budget deficits and government debt) from the 1970s to the present across seven countries – France, Italy, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, and the United States. Employing a comparative case study approach, seldom employed in studies of fiscal performance, contributions illuminate the complex causal factors often overlooked by quantitative studies and advances our theoretical understanding of fiscal performance. Among other things, the cases highlight the role of taxpayer consent, tax structure, the welfare state, organization of interests, and labor and financial markets in shaping fiscal outcomes. A necessary resource to understand a broader array of factors that shape fiscal outcomes in specific national contexts, this book will reinvigorate the study of fiscal performance.

Download or read book Labour Market Deregulation in Japan and Italy written by Hiroaki Richard Watanabe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan and Italy encountered severe economic problems in the early 1990s, and the governments had to deal with those issues effectively under the increasing neoliberal pressures of globalisation. In this context, labour market deregulation was considered an effective tool to cope with those economic problems. However, the forms and degrees of labour market deregulation in the two countries were quite different. This book seeks to explain the differences in labour market deregulation policies between Japan and Italy, despite the fact that the two countries shared a number of similar political, social and labour market (if not cultural) characteristics. Uniquely, it takes a political, rather than economic or sociological perspective to provide a theoretical and empirical analysis of the processes of labour market deregulation in the two countries. The precarious working conditions of an increasing number of non-regular workers has become a prominent social issue in many industrialised countries including Japan and Italy, but the level of the protection for these workers depends on a country’s labour market policies, which are affected by the power resources of labour unions and labour policy-making structures. This book provides a useful perspective for understanding the root causes of this phenomenon, such as the diffusion of ‘neoliberal’ ideas aimed at promoting labour-market flexibility under globalisation, and demonstrates that there is still room for politics to decide the extent of deregulation and maintain worker protection from management offensives even in an era of globalisation. Labour Market Deregulation in Japan and Italy: Worker Protection under Neoliberal Globalisation will appeal to students and scholars of Japanese politics, Italian politics, political economy and comparative politics.

Download or read book Globalizing Japan written by Harumi Befu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the social and cultural dimensions of Japan's global presence as an economic giant. Areas examined include Japanese multinational corporations, popular music and perceptions of Japan in France and Korea.