Download or read book Reforming Energy Policy in India written by Ian W.H. Parry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spreadsheet models are used to assess the environmental, fiscal, economic, and incidence effects of a wide range of options for reducing fossil fuel use in India. Among the most effective options is ramping up the existing coal tax. Annually increasing the tax by INR 150 ($2.25) per ton of coal from 2017 to 2030 avoids over 270,000 air pollution deaths, raises revenue of 1 percent of GDP in 2030, reduces CO2 emissions 12 percent, and generates net economic benefits of approximately 1 percent of GDP. The policy is mildly progressive and (at least initially) imposes a relatively modest cost burden on industries.

Download or read book Energy Subsidies written by Anja von Moltke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to reform energy subsidies was one of the pressing issues highlighted at the World Summit on Sustainable Development. Many types of subsidy, especially those that encourage the production and use of fossil fuel, and other non-renewable forms of energy, are harmful to the environment. They can also have high financial and economic costs, and often only bring few benefits to the people for whom they are intended.Removing, reducing or restructuring such energy subsidies is helpful for the environment and the economy at the same time. Potential social costs in terms of employment in the conventional energy industry or reduced access to energy could be addressed by redirecting the money formerly spent on subsidies to income support, health, environment, education or regional development programmes.Of course, subsidies can have certain positive consequences, particularly where they are aimed at encouraging more sustainable energy production and use. Temporary support for renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies to overcome market barriers, and measures to improve poor or rural households' access to modern, commercial forms of energy, for instance, could be positive measures in support of sustainable development.Based on ground-breaking work undertaken by UNEP and the International Energy Agency, this book aims to raise awareness of the actual and potential impacts of energy subsidies and provide guidance to policy-makers on how to design and implement energy-subsidy reforms. It provides methodologies for analysing the impact of subsidies and their reform, and reviews experiences with energy subsidies in a number of countries and regions. Drawing on these case studies, it analyses the lessons learned as well as the policy implications, and provides guidance on how to overcome resistance to reform.The book provides an analytical framework which aims to set the scene for the detailed discussion of energy-subsidy issues at the country level. It considers how subsidies are defined, how they can be measured, how big they are and how their effects can be assessed. A more detailed discussion of methodological approaches to the assessment of the economic, environmental and social effects of subsidies and their reform is contained in the Annex.Chapters 3–11 of the book contain country case studies from contributing authors, which review various experiences and issues related to energy subsidies in selected countries, but do not strive for a common approach. They are organised along geographical lines, beginning with a review of energy subsidies generally in OECD countries. Case studies of energy subsidies in transition economies – the Czech and Slovak Republics (Chapter 4) and Russia (Chapter 5) – follow. Three studies of Asian countries focus on the costs of different types of energy subsidy: electricity subsidies in India (Chapter 6), oil subsidies in Indonesia (Chapter 7) and energy subsidies generally in Korea (Chapter 8). Chapter 9 reviews the effect of energy subsidies in Iran and suggests a pragmatic approach to reforming them. This is followed by an assessment of the LPG subsidy programme in Senegal (Chapter 10) and an analysis of the effects of removing coal and oil subsides in Chile (Chapter 11).Chapter 12 analyses the lessons learned from these case studies, focusing on the economic, environmental and social effects and their implications for policy. Finally, Chapter 13 discusses the implications of these findings and makes practical recommendations for designing and implementing policy reforms.This book will be essential for both practitioners and academics involved in the energy sector and for governments and policy-makers wishing to examine the reform of energy subsidies.

Download or read book Energy Subsidy Reform written by Mr.Benedict J. Clements and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy subsidies are aimed at protecting consumers, however, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector. This book provides the most comprehensive estimates of energy subsidies currently available for 176 countries and an analysis of “how to do” energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies undertaken by the IMF staff and analyses carried out by other institutions.

Download or read book Getting India Back on Track written by Ashley J. Tellis and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2014-06-09 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: India has fallen far and fast from the runaway growth rates it enjoyed in the first decade of the twenty-first century. In order to reverse this trend, New Delhi must seriously reflect on its policy choices across a wide range of issue areas. Getting India Back on Track broadly coincides with the 2014 Indian elections to spur a public debate about the program that the next government should pursue in order to return the country to a path of high growth. It convenes some of India's most accomplished analysts to recommend policies in every major sector of the Indian economy. Taken together, these seventeen focused and concise memoranda offer policymakers and the general public alike a clear blueprint for India's future. Contents Foreword Ratan N. Tata (Chairman, Tata Trusts) Introduction Ashley J. Tellis and Reece Trevor (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace) 1. Maintaining Macroeconomic Stability Ila Patnaik (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy) 2. Dismantling the Welfare State Surjit Bhalla (Oxus Investments) 3. Revamping Agriculture and the Public Distribution System Ashok Gulati (Commission for Agriculture Costs and Prices) 4. Revisiting Manufacturing Policy Rajiv Kumar (Centre for Policy Research) 5. Generating Employment Omkar Goswami (Corporate and Economic Research Group) 6. Expanding Education and Skills Laveesh Bhandari (Indicus Analytics) 7. Confronting Health Challenges A. K. Shiva Kumar (National Advisory Council) 8. Accelerating Infrastructure Modernization Rajiv Lall and Ritu Anand (IDFC Limited) 9. Managing Urbanization Somik Lall and Tara Vishwanath (World Bank) 10. Renovating Land Management Barun S. Mitra (Liberty Institute) and Madhumita D. Mitra (consultant) 11. Addressing Water Management Tushaar Shah (International Water Management Institute) and Shilp Verma (independent researcher) 12. Reforming Energy Policy and Pricing Sunjoy Joshi (Observer Research Foundation) 13. Managing the Environment Ligia Noronha (Energy and Resources Institute) 14. Strengthening Rule of Law Devesh Kapur (University of Pennsylvania) and Milan Vaishnav (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace) 15. Correcting the Administrative Deficit Bibek Debroy (Centre for Policy Research) 16. Building Advanced Technology Capacity for Competitive Arms Acquisition Ravinder Pal Singh (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute) 17. Rejuvenating Foreign Policy C. Raja Mohan (Observer Research Foundation and Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

Download or read book Reforming Energy Subsidies written by and published by UN. This book was released on 2008 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report summarises, in a non-technical language, the nature, types and impacts of subsidies on energy that undermine the pursuit of sustainable development. It also offers recommendations to policy makers on how to design and implement subsidies reform in an environmentally, socially and economically sound manner."--Introd.

Download or read book Energy Policy Review written by Great Britain. Department of Energy and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policies in India and Gains from Reforming Water Allocation Institutions written by Ashish Tyagi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The title of the first essay in this dissertation is Institutional Reforms as Adaptation to Water Scarcity: Bounding the Possibilities. There is substantial agreement that better water institutions are essential for effectively and efficiently addressing increased water scarcity associated with population growth and climate change. But welfare gains from institutional reforms will be overestimated if the inefficient status-quo is compared against ideal but implausible allocations. Non-cooperative bargaining theory can predict feasible welfare gains from reforms but the literature has not yet explored basin structures where inflexibility of existing agreements results in a deadweight loss. A case in point is the institution of Interstate River Compact in the United States. Recent renegotiations suggest that reconsidering compact allocations can be an effective adaptation response to water scarcity. This essay develops a non-cooperative bargaining framework to formalize interstate river compact renegotiations. Equilibrium outcomes from interstate renegotiations followed by intrastate renegotiations among economic sectors place bounds on feasible welfare gains from reforms. Closed-form solutions are applied to a case study of Rio Grande Compact. Comparison between the non-cooperative equilibrium allocation and the optimal allocation indicates that non-cooperative bargaining can achieve allocative efficiency in the basin. However, the distribution of resulting gains depends on the bargaining power of players. This bargaining power is positively related to status-quo allocation, population, area under irrigated agriculture, efficiency of water-use and the degree of aversion to side payments. The second and the third essay in this thesis focus on Indias GHG abatement policy, which is currently heavily skewed towards non-market instruments. Policymakers have started experimenting with theoretically efficient and cost-effective market-based instruments (MBIs) which are likely to play a larger role in the future. But there is little research on intergenerational welfare consequences of using MBIs in India. The second essay, titled Indias Greenhouse Gas Abatement Policies Considering the Case for Market Based Instruments, studies long-term intergenerational welfare consequences in a hypothetical scenario where India had chosen a carbon tax or an emission trading scheme to achieve its Paris Agreements CO2 emission targets. This scenario is modeled using a dynamic perfect-foresight Overlapping Generations (OLG) model with a revenue-neutral price instrument and a quantity instrument. Revenue is recycled through changes in consumption, labor income or capital income tax. Role of modeling assumptions is highlighted by comparing OLG model results with an Infinitely Lived Agent (ILA) approach. Results suggest that the burden of a market-based policy on existing generations is small but welfare of future generations is reduced by 4-5 percent when positive environmental benefits are not taken into account. With environmental benefits, costs of policy on future generations are significantly reduced, even leading to net positive incidence in one scenario.The carbon tax policy studied in Essay two is an efficient and cost-effective way to achieve Paris Agreement targets for India. But the distributional incidence of an MBIs policy may fall unfairly on vulnerable population groups when relative prices of energy goods increase. A desirable MBIs policy must then balance emissions reduction goal against developmental objectives and protect vulnerable population from not only climate change but also adverse policy impacts. The third essay, titled Indias Greenhouse Gas Abatement Policies Distributional Implications of a Carbon Tax, extends the results from the macroeconomic CGE model of Essay two to estimate initial distributional incidence of a carbon tax. This analysis is undertaken through a microsimulation model which uses household level consumption and income data along with the CGE model outputs. Results suggest that the incidence on vulnerable socio-economic groups, identified as lower income quintile households, disadvantaged caste groups and rural households, can be reduced by using a suitable revenue recycling mechanism. In particular, revenue recycling through reductions in labor income tax is a progressive policy as the incidence is lower on vulnerable socio-economic groups. Revenue recycling through reductions in capital income tax has a fairly equal incidence across socio-economic groups. Consumption tax reductions is the worst revenue recycling mechanism as it fails to achieve double dividends and the incidence is large across all socio-economic groups.

Download or read book India s Energy Security written by Ligia Noronha and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the multifaceted aspects of India’s energy security concerns. Bringing together a set of opinions and analysis from experts and policymakers, it sheds light on the context of India’s energy insecurity and explores its various dimensions, its nature and extent. Contributors examine the role that trade, foreign and security policy should play in enhancing India’s energy security. It is argued that the key challenge for India is to increase economic growth while at the same time keeping energy demands low. This is especially challenging with the transition from biomass to fossil fuels, the growth of motorized private transport, and rising incomes, aspirations and changing lifestyles. The book suggests that at this time there are strong arguments to lessen the fossil fuel path dependence and it argues for a need to engage with all the key sources of this dependence to implement a process of energy change. India’s Energy Security is a timely contribution given the national and international interest in the issue of energy security and the possibility that energy concerns have the potential of becoming the cause of serious international conflicts. It will be of interest to academics and policy makers working in the field of Asian Studies, Energy Policy, International Relations and Security Studies.

Download or read book The Politics of Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Their Reform written by Jakob Skovgaard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume provides the first book-length account on the politics of fossil fuel subsidies. This title is also available as Open Access.

Download or read book Understanding Energy Challenges in India written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Political Economy of Agricultural Policy Reform in India written by Regina Birner and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2011 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural policy reform is one of the major challenges facing India today. Such reform is required to reduce poverty through faster agricultural growth and to promote more sustainable use of natural resources while ensuring food security. Subsidy policies that promote the use of fertilizer and of electricity for groundwater irrigation are in particular need of reform. While subsidies for these two inputs played a crucial role in achieving India's Green Revolution, they have been criticized during the past decade for benefitting large-scale farmers more than smallholders, placing a fiscal burden on the state, and having negative environmental effects. By analyzing the evolution of these input subsidy policies and examining the political processes involved in efforts to reform them, this study throws new light on the factors that have so far prevented a move toward more pro-poor and environmentally sustainable agricultural input policies in India. The authors show that electoral politics, institutional factors, and policy paradigms or belief systems all play an important role in blocking reform. They identify several policy reform options as well as political strategies that can overcome past obstacles to reform. Community-based policy solutions, new coalitions for policy reform, fresh approaches to the policy debate, innovative and consensus-oriented forms of deliberation, and effective use of research-based knowledge can all make positive contributions to Indian policy reform. The analyses and proposals presented in this study will be a valuable resource for policymakers and stakeholders concerned with the politics of agricultural development.

Download or read book Key Challenges and Policy Reforms in the MENA Region written by Mohamed Sami Ben Ali and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-22 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses economic challenges and policy reforms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Despite important resources and strategic advantages, the region suffers from a number of economic, social, and political problems that impedes normal economic take-off. The volume contains theoretical and empirical studies covering individual countries and panel studies addressing these economic challenges. Chapters address issues such as economic growth; poverty and inequality; subsidies and public finances policies; external trade and financial liberalization; remittances, corruption, transparency, and institutions; renewable energy, digitalization, terrorism, regional integration, capital flight, money laundering, financial development and brain drain. Providing a comprehensive understanding of the most important and urgent economic challenges in the region, this volume will be a useful reference for researchers and policymakers interested in the MENA region.

Download or read book Energy Subsidy Reform in Sub Saharan Africa written by Mr.Trevor Serge Coleridge Alleyne and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-08-12 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reform of energy subsidies is an important but challenging issue for sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. There is a relatively large theoretical and empirical literature on this issue. While this paper relies on that literature, too, it tailors its discussion to SSA countries to respond to the following questions: Why it is important to reduce energy subsidies? What are the difficulties involved in energy subsidy reform? How best can a subsidy reform be implemented? This paper uses various sources of information on SSA countries: quantitative assessments, surveys, and individual (but standardized) case studies.

Download or read book Reforms and Economic Transformation in India written by Jagdish Bhagwati and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforms and Economic Transformation in India is the second volume in the series Studies in Indian Economic Policies. In this book, nine original essays pursue three interrelated themes: Why the movement of workers out of agriculture, into industry and services, and from informal to formal employments has been slow, explaining the impact the reforms have had on profitability and competition among enterprises,and analyzing the impact on the socially disadvantaged in terms of wage and education outcomes and entrepreneurship.

Download or read book The Handbook of Energy Policy written by Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-29 with total page 970 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Energy Policy is a unique and novel reference for addressing the policy implications of energy demand and supply from their economic, political, social, planning, and environmental aspects. The Handbook of Energy Policy provides several studies from the global, regional, national, or local perspectives that are of wider policy significance. Studies provided in this book are of interest to the international organizations, governments, public and private sector entities, local communities, universities, research institutions, and other non-governmental organizations. Topics covered in the Handbook of Energy Policy are including energy security, energy poverty, energy finance, energy pricing, energy and environment, energy and sustainability, energy and growth, energy efficiency, energy trade, technological innovation and energy, energy transition, energy nexus studies, economics, and policy of fossil fuels, economics, and policy of renewable and green energies. The policy recommendations provided in all chapters are supported by a rigorous empirical or theoretical analysis.

Download or read book Rethinking Power Sector Reform in the Developing World written by Vivien Foster and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1990s, a new paradigm for power sector reform was put forward emphasizing the restructuring of utilities, the creation of regulators, the participation of the private sector, and the establishment of competitive power markets. Twenty-five years later, only a handful of developing countries have fully implemented these Washington Consensus policies. Across the developing world, reforms were adopted rather selectively, resulting in a hybrid model, in which elements of market orientation coexist with continued state dominance of the sector. This book aims to revisit and refresh thinking on power sector reform approaches for developing countries. The approach relies heavily on evidence from the past, drawing both on broad global trends and deep case material from 15 developing countries. It is also forward looking, considering the implications of new social and environmental policy goals, as well as the emerging technological disruptions. A nuanced picture emerges. Although regulation has been widely adopted, practice often falls well short of theory, and cost recovery remains an elusive goal. The private sector has financed a substantial expansion of generation capacity; yet, its contribution to power distribution has been much more limited, with efficiency levels that can sometimes be matched by well-governed public utilities. Restructuring and liberalization have been beneficial in a handful of larger middle-income nations but have proved too complex for most countries to implement. Based on these findings, the report points to three major policy implications. First, reform efforts need to be shaped by the political and economic context of the country. The 1990s reform model was most successful in countries that had reached certain minimum conditions of power sector development and offered a supportive political environment. Second, countries found alternative institutional pathways to achieving good power sector outcomes, making a case for greater pluralism. Among the top performers, some pursued the full set of market-oriented reforms, while others retained a more important role for the state. Third, reform efforts should be driven and tailored to desired policy outcomes and less preoccupied with following a predetermined process, particularly since the twenty-first-century century agenda has added decarbonization and universal access to power sector outcomes. The Washington Consensus reforms, while supportive of the twenty-first-century century agenda, will not be able to deliver on them alone and will require complementary policy measures

Download or read book Electricity Market Reforms In The Asean China India And Japan written by Han Phoumin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electricity sector's reforms aim to modernise its infrastructure, rules, policies, and procedures to allow for more efficiency and for clean energy to have the same playing field in the power competition/wholesale/retail electricity market. This will enable inefficient power to be phased out gradually. Over the past 2 decades, there has been remarkable progress in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) electricity markets that has increased the electrification ratio substantially; however, it has not achieved free market competition, universal electrification, and emission reduction plans. ASEAN aims to achieve universal access to electricity by 2030.Electricity Market Reforms in ASEAN, China, India, and Japan provides 10 empirical studies investigating and evaluating the electricity market reforms in Southeast Asia, China, India, and Japan. The book analyses the electricity market policy reform plans, market liberalisation, tariff reform, electricity trade, renewable energy integration, resource allocation, and the sustainability of the electricity market in the region and these countries. It provides policy recommendations to foster the reforms and increase market efficiency.