Download or read book Reduction of Nitro Aromatic Compounds in Fe 0 CO2 H2O Systems Implications for Groundwater Remediation with Iron Metal written by Abinash Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of iron metal that make it useful in remediation of chlorinated solvents may also lead to reduction of other groundwater contaminants such as nitro aromatic compounds (NACs). This possibility has been investigated in batch experiments using aqueous carbonate media to determine the kinetics and mechanism of nitro reduction by iron metal, and to learn more abut he effect of precipitation on the reactivity of the metal surfaces under geochemical conditions. Nitrobenzene is reduced by iron under anaerobic conditions to aniline with nitrosobenzene as an intermediate product. Detectable amounts of coupling products such as azobenzene and azoxybenzene were not found. First-order reduction rates are similar for nitrobenzene and nitrosobenzene, but aniline appearance occurs more slowly. The nitro reduction rate increased linearly with concentration of iron surface area, giving a specific reaction rate constant which is roughly 16-fold greater than has been reported for dehalogenation of carbon tetrachloride.
Download or read book Reduction of Nitro Aromatic Compounds in Fe 0 CO2 H2O Systems Implications for Groundwater Remediation with Iron Metal written by Abinash Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The properties of iron metal that make it useful in remediation of chlorinated solvents may also lead to reduction of other groundwater contaminants such as nitro aromatic compounds (NACs). This possibility has been investigated in batch experiments using aqueous carbonate media to determine the kinetics and mechanism of nitro reduction by iron metal, and to learn more abut he effect of precipitation on the reactivity of the metal surfaces under geochemical conditions. Nitrobenzene is reduced by iron under anaerobic conditions to aniline with nitrosobenzene as an intermediate product. Detectable amounts of coupling products such as azobenzene and azoxybenzene were not found. First-order reduction rates are similar for nitrobenzene and nitrosobenzene, but aniline appearance occurs more slowly. The nitro reduction rate increased linearly with concentration of iron surface area, giving a specific reaction rate constant which is roughly 16-fold greater than has been reported for dehalogenation of carbon tetrachloride.
Download or read book Reduction of Nitro Aromatic Compounds in Fe0 Co2 H2O Systems written by Abinash Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Abiotic Remediation of Nitro Aromatic Groundwater Contaminants by Zero Valent Iron written by Abinash Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent laboratory and field experiments have shown that some halogenated hydrocarbons undergo rapid reductive dehalogenation with zero-valent iron and the application of this process is being developed for in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater. However, from can also reduce other organic substances and is commonly used to synthesize reduction products nitro compounds.
Download or read book Adsorptive Iron Removal from Groundwater written by Sharoz Kumar Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pilot study conducted at the Gilze water treatment plant of Water Supply North West Brabant demonstrated that adsorptive filtration has several potential advantages over floc filtration, namely: longer filter runs due to slower head loss development; better filtrate quality; shorter ripening time; and less backwash water use. In existing groundwater treatment plants, the high iron (II) adsorption capacity of the iron oxide coated filter media makes it potentially possible to switch the governing mode of operation from floc filtration to adsorptive filtration. To achieve this two options can be considered: iron (II) adsorption under anoxic conditions followed by oxidation with oxygen-rich water; and adsorption of iron (II) in the presence of oxygen and simultaneous oxidation. The first option might be attractive specifically when two filtration steps are available.
Download or read book Workshop on Monitoring Oxidation Reduction Processes for Ground water Restoration written by Richard T. Wilkin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation written by Robert L. Siegrist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides comprehensive up-to-date descriptions of the principles and practices of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for groundwater remediation based on a decade of intensive research, development, and demonstrations, and lessons learned from commercial field applications.
Download or read book Pollution Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indexes material from conference proceedings and hard-to-find documents, in addition to journal articles. Over 1,000 journals are indexed and literature published from 1981 to the present is covered. Topics in pollution and its management are extensively covered from the standpoints of atmosphere, emissions, mathematical models, effects on people and animals, and environmental action. Major areas of coverage include: air pollution, marine pollution, freshwater pollution, sewage and wastewater treatment, waste management, land pollution, toxicology and health, noise, and radiation.
Download or read book Reduction of Nitroaromatic Compounds by Iron ii Reduced Clay Minerals written by Tyler Lee Olson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay minerals are the most abundant and chemically active parts of the surface minearl world of Eatth (Velde, B., 1995). Many types of clay minerals are ubiquitous in the environment and often contain iron in their structure. Structural Fe(II) resulting from chemical and microbial reduction of iron-bearing clay minerals has been shown to reduce a variety of contaminants (Buerge et al, 1999; Neumann et al., 2009); Hofstetter et al, 2006). Understanding how reduced clay minerals could impact environmental contaminants may lead to improved methods regarding contaminant monitoring and remediation.
Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Download or read book The Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Ground Water Contaminants Using Fe II hydroxamates written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhancing Biodegradability of Refractory Aromatics in Wastewater written by International Water Association and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Treatment of Industrial Wastewater written by Maulin P. Shah and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Treatment of Industrial Wastewater presents a comprehensive overview of the latest advances and trends in the use of bioreactors for treating industrial wastewater.
Download or read book Zero valent Iron Reactive Materials for Hazardous Waste and Inorganics Removal written by Irene Man-Chi Lo and published by Amer Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides up-to-date technical information and state-of-the-art research findings on the use of zero-valent iron reactive materials to remove contaminants frequently found in groundwater.
Download or read book Fundamental Studies of the Removal of Contaminants from Ground and Waste Waters Via Reduction by Zero Valent Metals written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contaminated groundwater and surface waters are a problem throughout the United States and the world. In many instances, the types of contamination can be directly attributed to man's actions. For instance, the burial of chemical wastes, casual disposal of solvents in unlined pits, and the development of irrigated agriculture have all contributed to groundwater and surface water contamination. The kinds of contaminants include chlorinated solvents and toxic trace elements (including radioisotopes) that are soluble and mobile in soils and aquifers. Oxyanions of uranium, selenium, chromium, arsenic, technetium, and chlorine (as perchlorate) are frequently found as contaminants on many DOE sites. Uranium is a particularly widespread contaminant at most DOE sites including Oak Ridge, Rocky Flats, Hanford, Idaho (INEEL), and Fernald. The uranium contamination is associated with mining and milling of uranium ore (UMTRA sites), isotope separation and enrichment, and mixed waste and TRU waste burial. In addition, the careless disposal of halogenated solvents, such as carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene, has further contaminated many groundwaters at these sites. A potential remediation method for many of these oxyanions and chlorinated-solvents is to react the contaminated water with zero-valent iron. In this reaction, the iron serves as both an electron source and as a catalyst. Elemental iron is already being used on an experimental basis at many DOE sites. Both in situ reactive barriers and above-ground reactors are being developed for this purpose. However, the design and operation of these treatment systems requires a detailed process-level understanding of the interactions between the contaminants and the iron surfaces. We are performing fundamental investigations of the interactions of the relevant chlorinated solvents and trace element-containing compounds with single- and poly-crystalline Fe surfaces. The aim of this work is to develop th e fundamental physical and chemical understanding that is necessary for the development of cleanup techniques and procedures.
Download or read book Natural Attenuation for Groundwater Remediation written by Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, officials responsible for clean-up of contaminated groundwater have increasingly turned to natural attenuation-essentially allowing naturally occurring processes to reduce the toxic potential of contaminants-versus engineered solutions. This saves both money and headaches. To the people in surrounding communities, though, it can appear that clean-up officials are simply walking away from contaminated sites. When is natural attenuation the appropriate approach to a clean-up? This book presents the consensus of a diverse committee, informed by the views of researchers, regulators, and community activists. The committee reviews the likely effectiveness of natural attenuation with different classes of contaminants-and describes how to evaluate the "footprints" of natural attenuation at a site to determine whether natural processes will provide adequate clean-up. Included are recommendations for regulatory change. The committee emphasizes the importance of the public's belief and attitudes toward remediation and provides guidance on involving community stakeholders throughout the clean-up process. The book explores how contamination occurs, explaining concepts and terms, and includes case studies from the Hanford nuclear site, military bases, as well as other sites. It provides historical background and important data on clean-up processes and goes on to offer critical reviews of 14 published protocols for evaluating natural attenuation.
