Download or read book Free Trade Versus Reciprocity written by Samuel Smith and published by . This book was released on 1885 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free Trade the Tariff and Reciprocity written by Frank William Taussig and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reciprocity in Free Trade Agreements written by Caroline L. Freund and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freund uses detailed trade, tariff, and income data for countries involved in 91 trade agreements negotiated since 1980 to test for reciprocity in free trade agreements. The results offer strong evidence of reciprocity in North-North and South-South free trade agreements, but there is little empirical support for reciprocity in North-South trade agreements. In particular, after controlling for other determinants of trade preferences, the results suggest that a one percent increase in preferences offered leads to about a one-half of a percent increase in preferences received in North-North and South-South trade agreements. Freund also finds evidence that large countries extract greater trade concessions from small countries. This leads to a modified form of reciprocity in North-South agreements. A large increase in access to a developing country market leads to only a small increase in access to a rich country market.The results imply that there are incentives for countries to maintain protection in order to extract more concessions from trade partners. But in general, such perverse incentives should be less of a concern in developing countries involved in North-South agreements because the value of a developing country tariff preference in terms of its effect on trade preferences from a rich country is quite small. The gains from unilateral liberalization are likely to far outweigh potential gains from using protection as a bargaining chip in trade negotiations.The evidence is consistent with a repeated game model of trade liberalization. The model presented shows that trade preferences granted are increasing in trade preferences received. This implies that countries can extract greater concessions from trade agreement members if they have higher external trade barriers. However, if a country's trade barriers are very large then the gains from reneging on the agreement in the short run will be high, making the agreement unenforceable despite offering long-term gains. So, there is a reciprocity-credibility tradeoff. High tariffs may allow countries to extract more concessions from potential trade agreement partners, but they also make the country less credible in actually implementing agreed tariff concessions. If a country's external tariff is very high relative to other countries, then it will not be able to commit credibly to any free trade agreement.This paper is a product of Trade, Development Research Group.
Download or read book Free Trade the Tariff and Reciprocity written by Frank William Taussig and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential guide to understanding the intricacies of free trade, tariffs, and reciprocity, written by one of the foremost economists of the early 20th century. Taussig's insights into the economic benefits and drawbacks of these policies are still relevant today. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Going Alone written by Jagdish N. Bhagwati and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytic and empirical study of unilateral trade liberalization agreements, from the nineteenth century to the present. Since the end of World War II, the freeing of trade has been most visible in reciprocal liberalization agreements negotiated under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT, and through increasing bilateral and plurilateral agreements. There has also, however, been a significant, if less visible, unilateral freeing of trade by several nations. This book, based on a research project directed by Jagdish Bhagwati, examines the experiences with such unilateral trade liberalization. Part 1 considers historical experiences, following Britain's unilateral embrace of free trade. Part 2 discusses recent examples, and Part 3 discusses unilateral liberalization in specific sectors. The substantive introduction provides a synthesis of the findings as well as theoretical support. It argues that although unilateral freeing of trade is generally less beneficial than reciprocity, it can trigger "sequential" reciprocity through example or by encouraging lobbies abroad to favor trade expansion.
Download or read book Trade Reciprocity written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on International Trade and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book FREE TRADE THE TARIFF AND RECIPROCITY written by F. W. TAUSSIG and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free Trade the Tariff and Reciprocity Classic Reprint written by F. W. Taussig and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Free Trade, the Tariff and Reciprocity Bitterness of trade rivalry. Foreign trade enriches a country not by bringing in money, but through the exchange of ex ports for imports - The mechanism Of international trade and the effects on it of the war. The fundamental factor for promoting exports is the effectiveness Of labor and capital. -four devices for promoting export trade, (1) export bounties, (2) special transportation rates for export busi ness, (3) special prices by producers on export sales, (4) con cessions in rates of duty secured from foreign countries. Attitude of the United States in international trade and inter national politics. The open door. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Free Trade Versus Reciprocity written by Samuel Smith and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-04-29 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1881.
Download or read book Reciprocity U S Trade Policy and the GATT Regime written by Carolyn Rhodes and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free Trade Almanac written by and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book FREE TRADE THE TARIFF RECIPR written by Frank William 1859 Taussing and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Reciprocal Trade written by United States Tariff Commission. Library and published by . This book was released on 1937 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Annexation Preferential Trade and Reciprocity written by Cephas D. Allin and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-10-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1873.
Download or read book Reciprocal Trade and Market Access Legislation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Trade and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book List of References on Reciprocity written by Library of Congress. Division of Bibliography and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reciprocity in the Foreign Trade Policy of the United States written by Bernard Francis Landuyt and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
