Download or read book Recent Results in the Development of Fast Neutron Imaging Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are continuing with the development of fast ((almost equal to) 12 MeV) neutron imaging techniques for use in NDE applications. Our goal is to develop a neutron imaging system capable of detecting sub-mm-scale cracks, cubic-mm-scale voids and other structural defects in heavily-shielded low-Z materials within thick sealed objects. The final system will be relatively compact (suitable for use in a small laboratory) and capable of acquiring both radiographic and full tomographic image sets. The design of a prototype imaging detector will be reviewed and results from several recent imaging experiments will be presented. The concurrent development of an intense, accelerator-driven neutron source suitable for use with the final production imaging system will also be discussed.
Download or read book Neutron Imaging and Applications written by Ian S. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Imaging and Applications offers an introduction to the basics of neutron beam production in addition to the wide scope of techniques that enhance imaging application capabilities. An instructional overview of neutron sources, detectors, optics and spin-filters allows readers to delve more deeply into the discussions of radiography, tomography and prospective applications available in neutron holography techniques. A section devoted to current applications describes imaging single grains in polycrystalline materials, neutron imaging of geological materials and other materials science and engineering areas. Coverage of thermal neutron imaging of biological tissues, plant physiology, Homeland Security and contraband detection explore the future prospects of this cutting-edge research. Written by key experts in the field, researchers and engineers involved with imaging technologies will find Neutron Imaging and Applications a valuable reference.
Download or read book Exploring Fast Neutron Computed Tomography for Non destructive Evaluation of Additive Manufactured Parts written by Ibrahim Oksuz and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron imaging is one of the most powerful non-invasive investigation modalities that finds many applications in various fields such as nuclear industry, homeland security, battery research, and archeology. It provides information about the internal structures of an object as neutrons are absorbed and transmitted at different levels in the object in question. It is complementary to X-ray imaging due to the different interaction mechanisms of X-ray and neutrons with materials. Neutron imaging applications can employ neutrons with different energies. Fast (MeV) neutrons have some advantages such as causing less radioactive transmutation in samples and providing deeper penetration which allows for exploring thicker and denser samples. It also provides good contrast images of objects made of a mix of hydrogenous and metallic elements. With the advent of the CCD technology, new opportunities have become available to perform neutron radiography, which provides 2D images of objects, and tomography, which yields information about objects in 3D, more efficiently. Digital neutron radiography allows the collection and storage the information in a digital environment, which enables a better and quicker data analysis. However, performing neutron imaging requires a well-characterized neutron source and a proper neutron imager, especially if fast neutrons are utilized as their interaction cross sections with materials are relatively smaller. This work explores the advancement of the fast neutron radiograph and tomography. The work includes studies comprising characterizing neutron detectors for fast imaging application, characterizing a fast neutron beam facility, performing fast neutron tomography using various imaging phantoms, and investigating spatial resolution in a fast neutron imaging system. In one study, Polyvinyl Toluene (PVT) (C9H10) based plastic scintillators with different dimensions and flours were investigated in terms of their relative light outputs and spatial resolutions. Due to high hydrogen concentration, PVT scintillators would be a suitable candidate since fast neutrons deposit higher energy as they interact mainly via elastic scattering reactions. This study resulted that thicker scintillators yield higher light output due to a higher amount of scintillation materials whereas they performed worse in spatial resolution because of more neutrons and light scattering. Another study was related to characterizing the Ohio State University Research Reactor (OSURR)’ recently built fast neutron beam facility. Models of the beamline and beam stop were created, and Monte-Carlo simulations were performed to determine the neutron energy spectrum, neutron, and gamma-ray flux, and dose rate distributions. Various thermal neutron filters were investigated, and Cadmium ratios that they provide were experimentally determined. Gamma-ray content in the beam was obtained using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimeters. Another study investigates fast neutron computed tomography (nCT) using custom-made multi-material complex objects. Total nCT data collection time was as low as 2 hours for some objects. Various materials were resolved in 3D reconstructed images of the objects. Low-Z materials comprising the objects were revealed while being shielded behind high-Z materials. The last study in this work is about the investigation of the possible effects on the system's spatial resolution in a fast neutron imaging system. Results showed that the thicker imaging objects deteriorate the spatial resolution due to the neutron scattering. Simulations provided that the neutron interaction kinematics in PVTs would also degrade the spatial resolution.
Download or read book Neutron Imaging written by Dinesh K. Aswal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively presents the concepts of neutron physics and imaging including neutron properties, neutron matter interaction, neutron imaging, comparison with X-ray and physics and design of neutron sources. It discusses how neutron imaging has gained importance as a powerful non-destructive technique to understand the internal structures of materials/engineered components in wide range of industries by increasing their applicability and efficiency. The book also covers the topics of neutron optics and detectors, basic principles of neutron radiography and tomography, related standards, safety, metrology and regulations in neutron imaging. The book presents applications of neutron imaging in the areas of aerospace industry, nuclear power and manufacturing industry, materials science and engineering, geomechanics, national security, biological, and medical domain. Given its scope, the book will be highly beneficial for postgraduate students, researchers and industry professionals working in the area of engineering and physics, especially non-destructive testing and non-destructive evaluation through neutron imaging.
Download or read book Neutron Radiography written by Garbe,U. and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron radiography represents a powerful non-destructive testing technique that is still very much in development. The book reveals the amazing diversity of scientific and industrial applications of this technique, the advancements of the state-of-art neutron facilities, the latest method developments, and the expected future of neutron imaging.
Download or read book Kurt Konrad el eco de gran otubre en el mundo ibero americano written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fast Neutron Radiography written by John J. Antal and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fast neutron radiography system described is in an early state of development, but the results obtained to date suggest that it could become a truly useful nondestructive testing technique. It has the potential for competing with thermal neutron radiography in its ability to image hydrogen-containing materials such as phenolics and plastics, and appears to be of general radiographic use in the same manner as x-radiography while retaining good penetrating ability. The use of californium-252 as a source of neutrons provides radiation emitted in all directions allowing simultaneous exposures to be made over the full surface of a sphere surrounding the source, thereby increasing its efficiency many-fold. (Author).
Download or read book Development and Characterization of a Fast Neutron Imaging Telescope FNIT for 1 20 MeV Neutrons From the Sun and Nuclear Material written by Richard S. Woolf and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-07-02 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special volume of Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics details the current theory, experiments, and applications of neutron and x-ray optics and microscopy for an international readership across varying backgrounds and disciplines. Edited by Dr. Ted Cremer, these volumes attempt to provide rapid assimilation of the presented topics that include neutron and x-ray scatter, refraction, diffraction, and reflection and their potential application. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Download or read book Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA Radiation Technology Repo. This book was released on 2012 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.
Download or read book Status of Fast Reactor Research and Technology Development written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Based on a recommendation from the Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors, this publication is a regular update of previous publications on fast reactor technology. The publication provides comprehensive and detailed information on the technology of fast neutron reactors. The focus is on practical issues that are useful to engineers, scientists, managers, university students and professors. The main issues of discussion are experience in design, construction, operation and decommissioning, various areas of research and development, engineering, safety and national strategies, and public acceptance of fast reactors. In the summary the reader will find national strategies, international initiatives on innovative (i.e. Generation IV) systems and an assessment of public acceptance as related to fast reactors."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
Download or read book Advanced Neutron Imaging for Nuclear Engineering Applications written by Adrian S. Losko and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing demand for electrical power presents one of the major challenges for the well-being of future generations. For the foreseeable future, it seems highly unlikely that the projected energy needs can be met by fossil and/or alternative energy sources alone; therefore, nuclear power will continue to play a significant role in power generation. Neutrons can be used to study a wide range of problems related to these efforts, providing a unique probe ranging from crystal chemistry of nuclear fuels to engineering diffraction of structural materials used in nuclear reactors. Traditionally, most experimental investigations with neutrons invoke diffraction techniques. However, recent advances in neutron detection resulted in new capabilities of material characterization using neutron imaging, which provides unparalleled opportunities particularly for nuclear materials, where heavy elements (e.g., uranium) need to be imaged together with light elements (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen). The inherent energy sorting of the neutrons at pulsed sources permits performing isotope-specific studies through selected settings of the contrast to a particular isotope (via neutron resonances). Moreover, the application of state-of-the-art tomographic reconstruction algorithms allows reconstructing, in 3D, the spatial distribution in cm-sized samples of quantities derived from these effects, in particular element or isotope distributions. None of this is currently possible with X-ray or reactor neutron radiography, and at present this technique is only possible at pulsed neutron sources at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Spallation Neutron Source at Oak-Ridge National Laboratory, ISIS in the United Kingdom, and at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) in Japan, of which only the J-PARC facility has a dedicated beam line for this technique. In this dissertation, I present the results of spatially-resolved neutron imaging and diffraction experiments (including texture measurements) on non-irradiated nuclear fuels. Furthermore, I present absolute isotopic areal density measurements with a two-dimensional detector and a pixel size of 55[mu]m using the time-structured LANSCE neutron beam applied to some nuclear-engineering application for the first time. More specifically, I introduce a novel, energy-resolved neutron imaging technique that utilizes the physical properties of neutron cross sections by analyzing nuclear resonances with the SAMMY code, which was developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the analysis of cross section data in the resolved and unresolved resonance regions. To the best of my knowledge, this work presents the first applications beyond demonstration experiments of absorption based energy-resolved neutron imaging by applying this technique to characterize the isotope distributions in nuclear fuel and study the diffusion of ions dissolved in aquaeous solution into cement. My dissertation emphasizes the benefits of neutron radiography as a non-destructive characterization method to guide future experiments on post-irradiated nuclear fuels, enabling the quantification of isotope concentrations for a variety of imaging problems.
Download or read book Progress Report on Neutron Radiography written by H. Berger and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential advantages of neutron radiography as an inspection method are discussed along with a historical review and discussions of neutron sources and detectors. The results of the current investigation of neutron-image detectors are discussed in regard to photographic speed, relative neutron-gamma response, and resolution comparisons.
Download or read book Development of a High Frame Rate Bright Flash Neutron Imaging Method for Rapid Transient Processes written by Chad Lani and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this work was to design and assess a novel digital high-speed imaging system in conjunction with neutron pulses from the Penn State Breazeale Reactor (PSBR) called bright flashes. These pulses are tens of milliseconds long with a peak power up to 761.0 12.44 MW. This technique is like x-ray imaging by being capable of imaging items that cannot be capture with visual imaging but separates itself because the contrast is not dependent on material density but rather hydrogen content. The imaging system is capable of acquiring images up to 4000 frames per second (fps) frame rates and is thus capable of capturing rapid transient processes without motion blur. The process used to test the bright flash neutron imaging technique was air-water two-phase flow contained in a bubbler. To determine and to put into context the capabilities of this bright flash imaging system, the data acquired from Penn State were compared to images that were taken by using a continuous neutron source, at the CG-1D beamline of the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Images acquired ranged from acquisition speeds of 60 fps to 4,000 fps. The images were evaluated based on calculating the signal-to-noise and the contrast-to-noise ratios to determine their quality. The quality for the bright flash images was on average four to five times greater than that of the HFIR images and was determined that at higher frame rates bright flash imaging is more beneficial. Bright flash imaging has a limit on the duration of the acquisition being limited to tens of milliseconds of the pulse duration, nevertheless this is no limitation for short, rapid transient processes. In conclusion, both imaging methods have applications for numerous scenarios, but for rapid transient processes and frame rates greater than 500 fps the bright flash imaging is a superior method.
Download or read book Handbook of Fast Neutron Generators Volume I written by Julius Csikai and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1987-09-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook reviews those problems and methods of science and technology where the neutrons produced in the 3H/d, N/4He, and 2H/d, n/3He reactions play the main role. This two-volume set: Discusses possible applications of these small generators as thermal neutron sources Enables suitable topics to be selected for education and training, provides a wide range of experiments with the detection of neutrons and charged particles, including the study of shielding and the generator technology itself Gives a review of important operational characteristics of neutron generators and the necessary instruments connected with these applications Provides an account of recent results of fast neutron activation analysis in various fields.
Download or read book Development of High energy Neutron Imaging for Use in NDE Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are currently developing a high-energy (10 - 15 MeV) neutron imaging system for use in NDE applications. Our goal is to develop an imaging system capable of detecting cubic-mm-scale voids or other structural defects in heavily-shielded low-Z materials within thick sealed objects. The system will be relatively compact (suitable for use in a small laboratory) and capable of acquiring tomographic image data sets. The design of a prototype imaging detector and multi-axis staging system will be discussed and selected results from recent imaging experiments will be presented. The development of an intense, accelerator-driven neutron source suitable for use with the imaging system will also be discussed. Keywords: neutron imaging, neutron radiography, computed tomography, non-destructive inspection, neutron sources.
Download or read book Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-11 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly 20 million nuclear medicine procedures are carried out each year in the United States alone to diagnose and treat cancers, cardiovascular disease, and certain neurological disorders. Many of the advancements in nuclear medicine have been the result of research investments made during the past 50 years where these procedures are now a routine part of clinical care. Although nuclear medicine plays an important role in biomedical research and disease management, its promise is only beginning to be realized. Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation highlights the exciting emerging opportunities in nuclear medicine, which include assessing the efficacy of new drugs in development, individualizing treatment to the patient, and understanding the biology of human diseases. Health care and pharmaceutical professionals will be most interested in this book's examination of the challenges the field faces and its recommendations for ways to reduce these impediments.
