Download or read book Reasoning for Intelligence Analysts written by Noel Hendrickson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of Reasoning for Intelligence Analysts is to address the three distinct dimensions of an analyst’s thinking: the person of the analyst (their traits), the processes they use (their techniques), and the problems they face (their targets). Based on a decade of academic research and university teaching in a program for aspiring intelligence analysts, this multidimensional approach will help the reader move beyond the traditional boundaries of accumulating knowledge or critical thinking with techniques to assess the unique targets of reasoning in the information age. This approach is not just a set of techniques, but covers all elements of reasoning by discussing the personal, procedural, and problem-specific aspects. It also addresses key challenges, such as uncertain data, irrelevant or misleading information, indeterminate outcomes, and significance for clients through an extensive examination of hypothesis development, causal analysis, futures exploration, and strategy assessment. Both critical and creative thinking, which are essential to reasoning in intelligence, are integrated throughout. Structured around independently readable chapters, this text offers a systematic approach to reasoning a long with an extensive toolkit that will serve the needs of both students and intelligence professionals.
Download or read book Critical Thinking and Intelligence Analysis written by David T. Moore and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) How Do People Reason?; (2) What is Critical Thinking?; (3) What Can Be Learned from the Past?: Thinking Critically about Cuba: Deploying the Missiles; Assessing the Implications; Between Dogmatism and Refutation; Lacking: Disconfirmation; The Roles of Critical Thinking in the Cuban Crisis; Winners and Losers: The Crisis in Context; Ten Years Later, They Meet Again; Judgment; (4) How Can Intelligence Analysts Employ Critical Thinking?; (5) How Can Intelligence Analysts be Taught to Think Critically?; (6) How Does Critical Thinking Transform?; (7) What Other Points of View Exist?; (8) What Does the Future Hold?; (9) NSA¿s Critical Thinking and Structured Analysis Class Syllabus. Charts and tables.
Download or read book Intelligence Analysis as Discovery of Evidence Hypotheses and Arguments written by Gheorghe Tecuci and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-30 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a flexible software system, this book teaches evidential and inferential issues used in drawing conclusions from masses of evidence.
Download or read book Intelligence Analysis written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. intelligence community (IC) is a complex human enterprise whose success depends on how well the people in it perform their work. Although often aided by sophisticated technologies, these people ultimately rely on their own intellect to identify, synthesize, and communicate the information on which the nation's security depends. The IC's success depends on having trained, motivated, and thoughtful people working within organizations able to understand, value, and coordinate their capabilities. Intelligence Analysis provides up-to-date scientific guidance for the intelligence community (IC) so that it might improve individual and group judgments, communication between analysts, and analytic processes. The papers in this volume provide the detailed evidentiary base for the National Research Council's report, Intelligence Analysis for Tomorrow: Advances from the Behavioral and Social Sciences. The opening chapter focuses on the structure, missions, operations, and characteristics of the IC while the following 12 papers provide in-depth reviews of key topics in three areas: analytic methods, analysts, and organizations. Informed by the IC's unique missions and constraints, each paper documents the latest advancements of the relevant science and is a stand-alone resource for the IC's leadership and workforce. The collection allows readers to focus on one area of interest (analytic methods, analysts, or organizations) or even one particular aspect of a category. As a collection, the volume provides a broad perspective of the issues involved in making difficult decisions, which is at the heart of intelligence analysis.
Download or read book Counterfactual Reasoning written by Ph D. Noel Hendrickson and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011-09-16 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterfactual reasoning evaluates conditional claims about alternate possibilities and their consequences (i.e., ?What If? statements). Counterfactuals are essential to intelligence analysis. The process of counterfactual reasoning has three stages. First, one must establish the particular way in which the alternate possibility comes to be (i.e., develop its ?back-story?). Second, one must evaluate the events that occur between the time of the alternate possibility and the time for which one is considering its consequences. And third, one must examine the possible consequences of the alternate possibility's back-story and the events that follow it. In doing so, an analyst must connect conclusions to speci
Download or read book Evidence and Inference for the Intelligence Analyst written by David A. Schum and published by Evidence & Inference for the I. This book was released on 1987 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, divided into two volumes, is intended to bring intelligence analysts and others abreast of current scholarship, from many disciplines, on the process of drawing conclusions from a mass of incomplete, inconclusive, and unreliable evidence. Volume I contains seventeen chapters on various evidential and inferential issues; though they contain some symbols and diagrams, the chapters in this volume contain almost no mathematics.
Download or read book Counterfactual Reasoning written by Noel Hendrickson and published by . This book was released on 2008-10-15 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Counterfactual reasoning is the process of evaluating conditional claims about alternate possibilities and their consequences (i.e., "What If" statements). These alternatives can be either past possibilities or future possibilities. Counterfactuals are essential to intelligence analysis because they are implicit in all strategic assessments. The process of counterfactual reasoning has three stages. The ?rst two of these are somewhat counterintuitive and are easily ignored by analysts. First, one must establish the particular way in which the alternate possibility comes to be (i.e., develop its "back-story"). Second, one must evaluate the events that occur between the time of the alternate possibility and the time for which one is considering its consequences. And third, one must examine the possible consequences of the alternate possibility's back-story and the events that follow it. In doing so, an analyst must connect their conclusion to the speci?c type of strategic assessment the counterfactual will be used to support: decision making under risk or decision making under uncertainty. Includes notes, glossary and references. Noel Hendrickson is Director of the Institute for National Security Analysis.
Download or read book Psychology of Intelligence Analysis written by Richards J Heuer and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this seminal work, published by the C.I.A. itself, produced by Intelligence veteran Richards Heuer discusses three pivotal points. First, human minds are ill-equipped ("poorly wired") to cope effectively with both inherent and induced uncertainty. Second, increased knowledge of our inherent biases tends to be of little assistance to the analyst. And lastly, tools and techniques that apply higher levels of critical thinking can substantially improve analysis on complex problems.
Download or read book Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis written by Richards J. Heuer Jr. and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2014-05-28 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Second Edition of Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis, authors Richards J. Heuer Jr. and Randolph H. Pherson showcase fifty-five structured analytic techniques—five new to this edition—that represent the most current best practices in intelligence, law enforcement, homeland security, and business analysis.
Download or read book Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis written by Randolph H. Pherson and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Third Edition of Structured Analytic Techniques for Intelligence Analysis by Randolph H. Pherson and Richards J. Heuer Jr showcases sixty-six structured analytic techniques—nine new to this edition—that represent the most current best practices in intelligence, law enforcement, homeland security, and business analysis. With more depth, detail, and utility than existing handbooks, each technique is clearly and systematically explained. Logically organized and richly illustrated, and with spiral binding and tabs that separate techniques into categories, this book is an easy-to-use, comprehensive reference.
Download or read book Critical Thinking and Intelligence Analysis written by David T. Moore and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Scientific Methods of Inquiry for Intelligence Analysis written by Hank Prunckun and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exponential growth in the intelligence field in the last few years, the profession has grown much larger and its mission more complex. Government and private sector security agencies have recruited intelligence analysts to process what has become a voluminous amount of raw information flowing into these agencies' data collection systems. Unfortunately, there is an unmet need for analysts who are able to process these data. For this reason there are a growing number of colleges and universities that offer intelligence training so that candidates for analyst positions can take-up their duties without protracted on-the-job instruction. Handbook of Scientific Methods of Inquiry for Intelligence Analysis offers students in such courses a way of gaining the analytic skills essential to undertake intelligence work. This book acquaints students and analysts with how intelligence fits into the larger research framework. It covers not only the essentials of applied research but also explains the function, structure, and operational methods specifically involved in intelligence work. It looks at how analysts work with classified information in a security conscious environment, as well as obtaining data via covert methods. Students are left with little doubt about what intelligence is and how it is developed using scientific methods of inquiry.
Download or read book National Defense Intelligence College Paper written by Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and informative paper was produced by the National Intelligence University / National Defense Intelligence College. Analysts and analysts alone create intelligence. Although technological marvels assist analysts by cataloguing and presenting data, information and evidence in new ways, they do not do analysis. To be most effective, analysts need an overarching, reflective framework to add structured reasoning to sound, intuitive thinking. "Critical thinking" provides such a framework and goes further, positively influencing the entire intelligence analysis process. Analysts who adopt critical thinking stand to improve their analyses. This paper defines critical thinking in the context of intelligence analysis, explains how it influences the entire intelligence process, explores how it toughens the art of intelligence analysis, suggests how it may be taught, and deduces how analysts can be persuaded to adopt this habit. Topics and subjects include: Inductive, deductive, and abductive reasoning; noosphere, Cuban missile crisis, Cassandrian approach; Penkosky, Sherman Kent; Fidel Castro; John F. Kennedy; Nikita Khrushchev; Evidentiary assessment; NSA. Contents: Introduction: How Do People Reason * What Is Critical Thinking? * Defining Critical Thinking * Standards for Critical Thinking * Skill-Based Definitions * A Disposition to Think Critically * The Role of Questions * Pseudo-Critical Thinking * What Can Be Learned from the Past? * Thinking Critically about Cuba * Deploying the Missiles * Assessing the Implications * Between Dogmatism and Refutation * Lacking: Disconfirmation * The Roles of Critical Thinking in the Cuban Crisis * Winners and Losers: The Crisis in Context * Ten Years Later, They Meet Again * Judgment: Critical Thinking Would Have Made a Difference * How Can Intelligence Analysts Employ Critical Thinking? * The Poor Record * Assessing Evidence * Facilitating Evidentiary Assessment * Embracing a Methodology * Creating Better Inferences * Producing Intelligence * How can Analysts be Taught to Think Critically? * Critical Thinking Education * Outside the Intelligence Community * Critical Thinking Education * Inside the Intelligence Community * Implications of Teaching Critical Thinking * Evaluating Teaching Models * Encouraging Analysts to Think Critically * Persuading to Improve Analysis * How Does Critical Thinking Transform? * Transforming Intelligence Corporations * Learning from Early Adopters * The Costs and Benefits of Thinking Critically * Validation * What Other Points of View Exist? * What Does the Future Hold? * Conclusion The world in which intelligence analysts work has changed dramatically over the 67 years since the beginning of the Second World War. Adversaries have shifted from large armies arrayed on battlefields to individuals lurking in the shadows or in plain sight. Further, plagues and pandemics, as well as floods and famines, pose threats not only to national stability but even to human existence. To paraphrase a Chinese curse, we certainly live in interesting times. Our times demand fresh, critical reasoning on the part of those tasked to assess and warn about threats as well as those tasked to act on those threats. Education in the bases and practices of intelligence foraging and sensemaking - often called intelligence collection and analysis - is a means by which this can be accomplished. Indeed, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 legislates improved education for intelligence analysis. But, that education is not specifically defined. This volume provides a framework for one area of the act's educational requirement: improving how analysts think - and by extension, how policymakers act. It asserts that people who are skilled critical thinkers are better able to cope with interesting times than those who are not.
Download or read book Quantitative Intelligence Analysis written by Edward Waltz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Intelligence Analysis describes the model-based method of intelligence analysis that represents the analyst’s mental models of a subject, as well as the analyst’s reasoning process exposing what the analyst believes about the subject, and how they arrived at those beliefs and converged on analytic judgments. It includes: Specific methods of explicitly representing the analyst’s mental models as computational models; dynamic simulations and interactive analytic games; the structure of an analyst’s mental model and the theoretical basis for capturing and representing the tacit knowledge of these models explicitly as computational models detailed description of the use of these models in rigorous, structured analysis of difficult targets; model illustrations and simulation descriptions; the role of models in support of collection and operations; case studies that illustrate a wide range of intelligence problems; And a recommended curriculum for technical analysts.
Download or read book Methods of Inquiry for Intelligence Analysis written by Hank Prunckun and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook offers a way of gaining the analytic skills essential to undertake intelligence work. It acquaints students and analysts with how intelligence fits into the larger research framework. It covers not only the essentials of applied research, but also the function, structure, and operational methods specifically involved in intelligence work. It looks at how analysts work with classified information in a security conscious environment as well as obtain data via covert methods.
Download or read book Interactive Decision Analysis Aids for Intelligence Analysts written by Scott Barclay and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One strategy to improve the effectiveness of intelligence analysis is to provide decision makers with intelligence products which have been derived from a formal methodology such as decision analysis, and which include the logic of the methodology so that decision makers will better understand the reasoning of the intelligence analysis as well as their conclusions. In order to implement this strategy, however, methodological aids must be developed which are transparent to the analyst, and easy for him to use. The research described here represents an attempt to provide effective and easy to use decision analysis aids through the use of an interactive graphics computer. A series of prototype procedures have been developed which allow an intelligence analyst to make direct or indirect assessments of continuous probabilities, to calibrate his assessments with respect to discrete probabilities, to analyze the effects of future changes in force compositions on the strategic arms balance, and to discover the implications of intelligence information on policy decisions. Since the success fo these prototype procedures cannot be judged until intelligence analysts have had an opportunity to use them in their daily work, it is recommended that they be calculated in an operating environment. (Author).
Download or read book An Introduction to Intelligence Research and Analysis written by Jerome Clauser and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the September 11 terrorist attacks on U.S. soil, the intelligence community has been scrutinized. Consequently, the 9/11 Commission recommended how to improve the quality of intelligence analysis. Those recommendations and the United States' involvement in the war in Iraq have spawned additional charges of the politicization of intelligence. In turn, the intelligence community has reconfigured itself with newly created departments supported by an expanded and inexperienced workforce that was not envisioned when intelligence agencies were formally established in 1947.
