Download or read book Real time Smoke Particulate Sampling written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Real time Smoke Particulate Monitors written by Anthony Trent and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the results of tests of new instruments that can be used to measure the particulate concentrations from forest fire smoke in real time. These instruments use the optical properties of light passed through air samples or other properties of sampled air to estimate particulate levels in real time. The new instruments included two samplers by MetOne Instruments, Inc., the E-BAM and the E-Sampler, and one by MIE, an improved version of the DataRAM4 monitor. All the instruments being tested were mounted side-by-side alongside a Federal Reference Method gravimetric sampler that was the standard all machines were judged against. Gravimetric samplers capture particulate that can be weighed to determine particulate concentration. Smoke was generated by burning beds of white pine needles in the burn chamber of the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory in Missoula. The E-BAM samplers overestimated smoke particulate by 13 percent compared to the Federal Reference Method sampler, but the four E-BAM samplers, results were within 12 percent of each other. The E-Samplersgas results were similar to each other. The new MIE DataRAM4 monitor has a particulate-size correction feature that should be enabled for the most accurate results. The DataRAM4 monitor overestimated particulate concentrations by 172 percent, but the results of the two machines tested were within 11 percent of each other. Earlier studies (Laboratory Evaluation of Two Optical Instruments for Real-Time Particulate Monitoring, 9925-2806-MTDC, and Evaluation of Optical Instruments for Real-Time Continuous Monitoring of Smoke Particulates, 0025-2860-MTDC) tested older instruments in the laboratory. Results of field tests of older instruments are reported in Real-Time Smoke Particulate Sampling, Fire Storm 2000 (0125-2832-MTDC).
Download or read book REAL TIME SMOKE PARTICULATE SAMPLING written by ANDY. TRENT and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Optical Instruments for Real time Continuous Monitoring of Smoke Particulates written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of Real time Smoke Particulate Monitors with a Federal Reference Method Sampler written by Mary Ann Davies and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents findings on the accuracy of real-time smoke particulate monitors when compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Federal Reference Method (FRM) gravimetric sampler. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Technology and Development Program (T&D), performed the last evaluation on real-time smoke particulate monitors during 2006. Since that time, the manufacturers have refined and upgraded many of the real-time smoke monitors T&D evaluated. The Forest Service Air Resource Management Program asked T&D to performa market search for new, portable, real-time smoke particulate monitors and provide an update on their accuracy when compared with an FRM gravimetric sampler. This paper provides information on the accuracy of Met One Instruments Inc., E-Samplers and E-BAMs and a TSI Inc., DustTrak DRX Aerosol Monitor 8533 when compared with an FRM sampler.
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Two Optical Instruments for Real time Particulate Monitoring of Smoke written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Remote Telemetry System for Particulate Monitoring written by Andy Trent and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the use of a satellite modem to relay data from a DataRam unit measuring smoke particulate to a Web site where the data can be viewed. Applied Digital Security, Inc., developed the satellite telemetry system with guidance from the USDA Forest Service's Missoula Technology and Development Center. Without the telemetry system, someone must drive to the DataRam unit to download data to a PC or to view the instantaneous reading on the DataRam's screen (which may not reflect trends or conditions over the longer term). With the telemetry system, anyone interested in viewing the data can go to the Describes the use of a satellite modem to relay data from a DataRam unit measuring smoke particulate to a Web site where the data can be viewed. Applied Digital Security, Inc., developed the satellite telemetry system with guidance from the USDA Forest Service's Missoula Technology and Development Center. Without the telemetry system, someone must drive to the DataRam unit to download data to a PC or to view the instantaneous reading on the DataRam's screen (which may not reflect trends or conditions over the longer term). With the telemetry system, anyone interested in viewing the data can go to the Web site http://www.satguard.com/usfs/. The home page shows a picture of the United States with red or green dots. The dots indicate the last reporting location of a unit. Green means the units are operating. Red means they are not. For operating units, the Web site shows the current and past particulate concentrations, internal temperatures, and internal relative humidities. The telemetry system itself is known as the AQD4-2000 MK II. It weighs just 16 pounds and comes in a case about the size of a 6-inch-thick laptop computer.
Download or read book Airborne Fine Particulate Matter Pollution in Casinos written by Ruoting Jiang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) has been associated with a number of health outcomes including cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary malfunction, lung cancer, and mortality. To protect public health, over 100 countries have adopted comprehensive or partial legislations against smoking. In the United States, California was the first state to enact a statewide ban on smoking in indoor workplaces in 1994. However, due to the sovereign nation status of California Indian tribes, smoking is still allowed and exposure to SHS continues in nearly all California Indian casinos. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major component of SHS pollution, and has been implicated as a risk factor for a range of chronic and acute diseases. The EPA's reference method for quantifying PM2.5 mass concentrations uses filter-based gravimetric samplers, which must be operated for many hours to collect enough sample. Since the gravimetric approach cannot measure short-term variations in PM2.5 levels, many personal exposure and environmental monitoring studies have employed real-time monitors for measuring PM2.5 concentrations. However, real-time monitors require proper calibration to accurately represent particle mass concentrations. This study characterized PM2.5 concentrations with real-time SidePak particle monitors in a large sample of California Indian casinos, spanning all sizes and distributed widely across the state. By comparing the SidePak measurements with the standard gravimetric method, we first calibrated the SidePak monitors for different types of aerosols commonly encountered indoors and outdoors, including SHS. We then modeled the response of SidePak monitors to SHS for a range of relative humidity levels. Finally, we designed a systematic casino monitoring protocol, using the calibrated real-time monitors, to examine PM2.5 concentrations in a field survey of 36 California Indian casinos and 8 Reno casinos.
Download or read book Indoor Pollutants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses pollution from tobacco smoke, radon and radon progeny, asbestos and other fibers, formaldehyde, indoor combustion, aeropathogens and allergens, consumer products, moisture, microwave radiation, ultraviolet radiation, odors, radioactivity, and dirt and discusses means of controlling or eliminating them.
Download or read book Health Risks of Indoor Exposure to Particulate Matter written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines PM as a mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets comprising a number of components, including "acids (such as nitrates and sulfates), organic chemicals, metals, soil or dust particles, and allergens (such as fragments of pollen and mold spores)". The health effects of outdoor exposure to particulate matter (PM) are the subject of both research attention and regulatory action. Although much less studied to date, indoor exposure to PM is gaining attention as a potential source of adverse health effects. Indoor PM can originate from outdoor particles and also from various indoor sources, including heating, cooking, and smoking. Levels of indoor PM have the potential to exceed outdoor PM levels. Understanding the major features and subtleties of indoor exposures to particles of outdoor origin can improve our understanding of the exposureâ€"response relationship on which ambient air pollutant standards are based. The EPA's Indoor Environments Division commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to hold a workshop examining the issue of indoor exposure to PM more comprehensively and considering both the health risks and possible intervention strategies. Participants discussed the ailments that are most affected by particulate matter and the attributes of the exposures that are of greatest concern, exposure modifiers, vulnerable populations, exposure assessment, risk management, and gaps in the science. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Wildland Fires and Air Pollution written by Andrzej Bytnerowicz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-06 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction between smoke and air pollution creates a public health challenge. Fuels treatments proposed for National Forests are intended to reduce fuel accumulations and wildfire frequency and severity, as well as to protect property located in the wild land-urban interface. However, prescribed fires produce gases and aerosols that have instantaneous and long-term effects on air quality. If fuels treatment are not conducted, however, then wild land fires become more severe and frequent causing worse public health and wellfare effects. A better understanding of air pollution and smoke interactions is needed in order to protect the public health and allow for socially and ecologically acceptable use of fire as a management tool. Wildland Fires and Air Pollution offers such an understanding and examines innovative wide-scale monitoring efforts (field and remotely sensed), and development of models predicting spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution and smoke resulting from forests fires and other sources. Collaborative effort of an international team of scientists High quality of invited chapters Full colour
Download or read book Measurement of Community and Laboratory generated Airborne Particulates Using a New Sampling Method written by Laura Farina and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: This project resulted from an alleged dust problem affecting the residents in a Florida community. The residents claimed that there were elevated dust levels caused by a rock quarry adjacent to their homes. The purpose of this work was to assess total particulate, respirable particulate, and the coarse content of the sampled particles through traditional NIOSH methods, and using a new, real-time instrument known as the EPAM 5000. Data from the EPAM and NIOSH methods were compared to the EPA's particulate matter standards and the OSHA permissible exposure limits for total and respirable dust. Dust levels using the NIOSH methods were below the limit of detection. There were measurable dust levels in all three size fractions (PM10, PM[subscript 2.5], PM1) for the EPAM. Due to the undetectable levels of the NIOSH method sampling, further sampling in a laboratory environment was conducted in order to compare NIOSH methods with the EPAM 5000 method. The project continued into an aerosol chamber in the USF College of Public Health Breath Lab for further data collection in order to compare results using traditional NIOSH methods with the results obtained from the EPAM 5000. The chamber was associated with a dust generator that released a steady flow of fly ash particulate at a specific revolution per minute (rpm). Each run of data collection sampled approximately 1 m3 of air and persisted for six to seven hours. Four separate runs were conducted, each at a different generation rate of fly ash. There were measurable dust levels using the NIOSH total dust and NIOSH respirable dust methods. There were also measurable dust levels in all three size fractions (PM10, PM[subscript 2.5], PM1) for the EPAM. The results of all methods were compared. The PM[subscript 2.5] and PM1 sampling heads of the EPAM 5000 were compared to the NIOSH respirable dust sampling results. The PM10 sampling head of the EPAM was compared to the NIOSH total dust sampling results. NIOSH 0500 concentration results were within 10% of the EPAM PM10 concentration.
Download or read book Implications of the California Wildfires for Health Communities and Preparedness written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: California and other wildfire-prone western states have experienced a substantial increase in the number and intensity of wildfires in recent years. Wildlands and climate experts expect these trends to continue and quite likely to worsen in coming years. Wildfires and other disasters can be particularly devastating for vulnerable communities. Members of these communities tend to experience worse health outcomes from disasters, have fewer resources for responding and rebuilding, and receive less assistance from state, local, and federal agencies. Because burning wood releases particulate matter and other toxicants, the health effects of wildfires extend well beyond burns. In addition, deposition of toxicants in soil and water can result in chronic as well as acute exposures. On June 4-5, 2019, four different entities within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop titled Implications of the California Wildfires for Health, Communities, and Preparedness at the Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing at the University of California, Davis. The workshop explored the population health, environmental health, emergency preparedness, and health equity consequences of increasingly strong and numerous wildfires, particularly in California. This publication is a summary of the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Download or read book Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.
Download or read book Smoke Particulate Monitors 2006 Update written by Andy Trent and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Smoke management guide for prescribed and wildland fire written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
