Download or read book R le de la m moire de travail dans la compr hension de phrase written by François Rigalleau and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE TRAVAIL PRESENTE EXAMINE D'ABORD DANS QUELLE MESURE UN DEFICIT DE MEMOIRE A COURTTERME PHONOLOGIQUE (DMCT) PEUT DETERMINER DES TROUBLES DE COMPREHENSION DE PHRASE. QUATRE EXPERIENCES EMPLOIENT UNE METHODE DE PAROLE A NEGLIGER POUR SAVOIR SI DES LECTEURS NORMAUX ACTIVENT LA REPRESENTATION PHONOLOGIQUE D'UN MOT PENDANT LA LECTURE D'UN TEXTE. UNE PAROLE BISYLLABIQUE SANS SIGNIFICATION EST ENTENDUE OU NON PENDANT LA LECTURE. ELLE EST PLUS OU MOINS PROCHE PHONOLOGIQUEMENT D'UN MOT DU TEXTE DEJA LU. POUR UNE PAROLE PROCHE, UN RALENTISSEMENT SPECIFIQUE DE LA LECTURE EST OBSERVE SI LE TEXTE CONTIENT DES NOMS PROPRES OU UNE IMPASSE LEXICALE. CES DEUX CAS CORRESPONDENT A DES OPERATIONS DEFICIENTES CHEZ CERTAINS CEREBRO-LESES SOUFFRANT D'UN DMCT PHONOLOGIQUE SELON CAPLAN ET WATERS (1990). UNE SECONDE PARTIE EXAMINE DANS QUELLE MESURE LES TROUBLES DE COMPREHENSION SYNTAXIQUE D'APHASIQUES SONT DUS A UN DEFICIT D'AUTOMATICITE DE LEURS TRAITEMENTS MORPHOSYNTAXIQUES. UNE SERIE D'EXPERIENCES MONTRE QUE TROIS PATIENTS SOUFFRANT DE COMPREHENSION ASYNTAXIQUE PARVIENNENT A TRAITER LE GENRE D'UN PRONOM SEULEMENT SI LE CONTEXTE INCITE A FOCALISER SON ATTENTION SUR LE GENRE DU PRONOM. ENFIN DEUX EXPERIENCES DE DOUBLE TACHE, CONDUITES CHEZ DES SUJETS NORMAUX, ECHOUENT A MONTRER UN EFFET D'INTERFERENCE SPECIFIQUE LORSQUE CES DEUX TACHES IMPLIQUENT DES TRAITEMENTS DE PHRASE. CETTE ABSENCE DE COMPETITION EST EN FAVEUR D'UNE AUTOMATICITE DES PROCESSUS SYNTAXIQUES CHEZ LES NORMAUX. LES RESULTATS SONT DISCUTES EN S'ATTACHANT A LEURS IMPLICATIONS NEUROPSYCHOLOGIQUES, ET A LEUR COMPATIBILITE AVEC LES MODELES RECENTS DU TRAITEMENT PRONOMINAL.
Download or read book L influence des limitations de la m moire de travail sur les effets de complexit lors de la lecture des phrases written by Manuel Gimenes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le rôle de la mémoire de travail en compréhension de phrase. Dans une première partie, plusieurs facteurs (complexité syntaxique, notation, degré d'indépendance entre traitement et stockage) sont manipulés dans une tâche d'empan de lecture. Les résultats suggèrent que les composantes de traitement et de stockage sont en compétition pour un même réservoir de ressources cognitives. Dans la deuxième partie, nous montrons que les lecteurs peuvent devenir sensibles en temps réel à l'omission d'un verbe dans une phrase très complexe si le statut référentiel des noms est modifié ou si un traitement syntaxique approfondi est demandé. La dernière partie montre que l'omission d'un verbe diminue l'effet d'une pré-charge sur les performances. En conclusion, l'ensemble des résultats montre que la mémoire de travail a un rôle en compréhension de phrase, et que l'être humain peut comprendre des structures récursives complexes sous certaines conditions
Download or read book R le de la m moire de travail dans la composition de textes argumentatifs par des adultes et des enfants written by Myriam Ferréol-Barbey and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'objectif principal de ce travail est de determiner l'effet de la longueur du texte sur la recomposition d'un texte argumentatif par des participants ayant des caracteristiques fonctionnelles specifiques. Pour cela, des adultes et des enfants de 1011 ans ont effectue une recomposition de texte assistee par ordinateur. Le paradigme utilise a permis un recueil de donnees en temps reel et apres coup. Les variables dependants retenues etaient le temps d'insertion d'une phrase, la qualite du texte et le nombre de revisions. Les deux premieres experiences ont ete realisees aupres d'adultes. Elles etaient centrees sur l'effet de la capacite mnesique des participants et celle de la charge en memoire imposee par la longueur du texte argumentatif recompose. L'objectif de l'experience 2 etait d'evaluer plus particulierement l'investissement des redacteurs pendant la realisation de la tache, a cette fin, une tache secondaire a ete utilisee. Les experiences 3 et 4 etaient, quant a elles, realisees aupres d'enfants de 10-11 ans, l'experience 3 etait similaire a l'experience 1. L'experience 4 a constitue le moyen de tester l'hypothese de l'influence du niveau de comprehension en lecture sur la recomposition du texte. Les resultats de cette these montrent que les redacteurs adultes et enfants sont sensibles a une augmentation de la quantite d'informations a planifier. Chez les adultes, la realisation d'une tache secondaire consomme des ressources diminuant du meme coup le montant des ressources necessaires a la recomposition de texte. Cette diminution des ressources attentionnelles disponibles pour la recomposition a implique des performances moindres. Chez les enfants, la qualite du texte recompose est liee au niveau de comprehension en lecture.
Download or read book Bulletin signal tique written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implication de la m moire de travail dans la compr hension syntaxique chez des enfants avec troubles de la cognition math matique written by Flora Granados and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Certains enfants avec troubles de la cognition mathématique présenteraient un déficit de la mémoire de travail. Or, ce système mnésique est sollicité dans la compréhension syntaxique orale, notamment pour les phrases complexes. L’objectif principal de notre étude est donc d’analyser, chez des enfants avec troubles de la cognition mathématique, la part d’implication des capacités de mémoire de travail verbale dans la compréhension syntaxique orale. Nos objectifs secondaires sont d’examiner les phrases induisant le plus d’erreurs de compréhension chez des enfants dyscalculiques, et d’identifier les fonctions exécutives les plus altérées chez ces sujets. Nous avons donc administré à 9 enfants dyscalculiques, âgés de 8 ans 11 mois à 10 ans 9 mois, des épreuves mnésiques, exécutives et de compréhension syntaxique. En réponse à notre problématique, nos résultats mettent en évidence que la capacité de la mémoire de travail verbale, évaluée par la MTVE, est le prédicteur le plus significatif de la compréhension syntaxique orale de phrases complexes. De plus, nos analyses descriptives montrent que la compréhension est altérée, par rapport à la norme, pour les phrases avec adjectifs ordinaux, les phrases relatives complexes et les phrases relatives en « que » renversables. Enfin, nos résultats mettent en évidence que la fonction exécutive de Mise à jour est la plus déficitaire dans notre échantillon, surtout en modalité visuelle. Notre étude a pour but principal d’approfondir la recherche sur les troubles de la cognition mathématique, peu étudiés mais aussi répandus que les dyslexies.
Download or read book Working Memory and Learning written by Susan Gathercole and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Tracy Alloway has been awarded the prestigious Joseph Lister Award from the British Science Association. ′The authors have written a guide for practitioners that is both highly practical, and yet based upon sound theoretical principles....This book achieves a successful, yet often elusive, link between theory, research and practice, and deserves to have a high readership. I will have no hesitation in recommending it to a range of readers′ - Jane Mott, Support for Learning ′This book fulfils its aim to explain working memory and the limits it places on children′s classroom learning. For teachers it gives a very clear guide and fills a gap in understanding that can only lead to more child-centred approaches to teaching and learning′ - Lynn Ambler, Support for Learning ′A clear and accessible account of current theory and research, which is then applied to children′s learning in the classroom....The range of strategies...are well grounded in theory derived from research and sit within a coherent conceptual model′ - The Psychologist ′An easy to read yet informative book that explains the concepts clearly and offers practitioners ways to support those with poor working memory in the classroom′ - SNIP `The topic of working memory nowadays tends to dominate discussions with teachers and parents, and both groups can helpfully be directed to this easy-to-read but serious text ... (it) is likely to prove a turning-point in the management and facilitation of hard-to-teach children. In a situation muddied by ever-multiplying syndromes and disorders, this book delivers a clarifying and reassuring isolation of the major cognitive characteristic that cuts across all the boundaries and leaves the class teacher and SENCO empowered. I think very highly of the book and shall be recommending it steadily′ - Martin Turner, Child Center for Evaluation and Teaching, Kuwait Susan Gathercole is winner of the British Psychological Society′s President′s Award for 2007 A good working memory is crucial to becoming a successful learner, yet there is very little material available in an easy-to-use format that explains the concept and offers practitioners ways to support children with poor working memory in the classroom. This book provides a coherent overview of the role played by working memory in learning during the school years, and uses theory to inform good practice. Topics covered include: - the link between working memory skills and key areas of learning (such as literacy & numeracy) - the relationship between working memory and children with developmental disorders - assessment of children for working memory deficits - strategies for supporting working memory in under-performing children This accessible guide will help SENCOs, teachers, teaching assistants, speech and language therapists and educational psychologists to understand and address working memory in their setting.
Download or read book Trust in Numbers written by Theodore M. Porter and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A foundational work on historical and social studies of quantification What accounts for the prestige of quantitative methods? The usual answer is that quantification is desirable in social investigation as a result of its successes in science. Trust in Numbers questions whether such success in the study of stars, molecules, or cells should be an attractive model for research on human societies, and examines why the natural sciences are highly quantitative in the first place. Theodore Porter argues that a better understanding of the attractions of quantification in business, government, and social research brings a fresh perspective to its role in psychology, physics, and medicine. Quantitative rigor is not inherent in science but arises from political and social pressures, and objectivity derives its impetus from cultural contexts. In a new preface, the author sheds light on the current infatuation with quantitative methods, particularly at the intersection of science and bureaucracy.
Download or read book The General Factor of Intelligence written by Robert J. Sternberg and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2002-05 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book takes a refreshing approach on a classic topic of intelligence, inviting proponents of opposite viewpoints to debate pros & cons of the general factor of intelligence. For graduate & professionl level scholars in cog psy, educatn & indiv differences
Download or read book Remembering written by Fergus Craik and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Memory is typically thought of as a set of neural representations - 'memory traces' - that must be found and reactivated in order to be experienced. It is often suggested that 'memory traces' are represented by a hierarchically organized system of analyzers, modified, sharpened and differentiated by encounters with successive events. Remembering: An activity of mind and brain is the magnum opus of one of the leading figures in the psychology of memory. It sets out Fergus Craik's current view of human memory as a dynamic activity of mind and brain. The author argues that remembering should be understood as a system of active cognitive processes, similar to (perhaps identical to) the processes underlying attending, perceiving and thinking. Thus, encoding processes are essentially viewed as the mental activities involved in perceiving and understanding, and retrieval is described as the partial reactivation of these same processes. This account proposes that episodic and semantic memory should be thought of as levels in a continuum of specificity rather than as separate systems of memory. In addition, the book presents Craik's views on working memory and on age-related memory impairments. In the latter case the losses are attributed largely to a difficulty with the self-initiation of appropriate encoding and retrieval operations compensated, when needed, by support from the external environment. The development of these ideas is discussed throughout the book and illustrated substantially by experiments from the author's lab, but also by empirical and theoretical contributions from other researchers. A broad account of current ideas and findings in contemporary memory research, but viewed from the author's personal theoretical standpoint, Remembering: An activity of mind and brain will be essential for researchers, graduate and postdoctoral students working in the field of human memory.
Download or read book Didactics of Mathematics as a Scientific Discipline written by Rolf Biehler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Didactics of Mathematics as a Scientific Discipline describes the state of the art in a new branch of science. Starting from a general perspective on the didactics of mathematics, the 30 original contributions to the book, drawn from 10 different countries, go on to identify certain subdisciplines and suggest an overall structure or `topology' of the field. The book is divided into eight sections: (1) Preparing Mathematics for Students; (2) Teacher Education and Research on Teaching; (3) Interaction in the Classroom; (4) Technology and Mathematics Education; (5) Psychology of Mathematical Thinking; (6) Differential Didactics; (7) History and Epistemology of Mathematics and Mathematics Education; (8) Cultural Framing of Teaching and Learning Mathematics. Didactics of Mathematics as a Scientific Discipline is required reading for all researchers into the didactics of mathematics, and contains surveys and a variety of stimulating reflections which make it extremely useful for mathematics educators and teacher trainers interested in the theory of their practice. Future and practising teachers of mathematics will find much to interest them in relation to their daily work, especially as it relates to the teaching of different age groups and ability ranges. The book is also recommended to researchers in neighbouring disciplines, such as mathematics itself, general education, educational psychology and cognitive science.
Download or read book RSSI written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PASCAL explore written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neganthropocene written by Daniel Ross and published by Saint Philip Street Press. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the essays and lectures here titled Neganthropocene, Stiegler opens an entirely new front moving beyond the dead-end "banality" of the Anthropocene. Stiegler stakes out a battleplan to proceed beyond, indeed shrugging off, the fulfillment of nihilism that the era of climate chaos ushers in. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Download or read book A Century of Artists Books written by Riva Castleman and published by ABRAMS. This book was released on 1997-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published to accompany the 1994 exhibition at The Museum of Modern Art, New York, this book constitutes the most extensive survey of modern illustrated books to be offered in many years. Work by artists from Pierre Bonnard to Barbara Kruger and writers from Guillaume Apollinarie to Susan Sontag. An importnt reference for collectors and connoisseurs. Includes notable works by Marc Chagall, Henri Matisse, and Pablo Picasso.
Download or read book Attention and Memory written by Nelson Cowan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-01-15 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention and Memory brings together and assesses past and present research on information processing, to formulate a model of this entire system.
Download or read book Canadian Labour written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
