Download or read book Quantum Tools for Macroscopic Systems written by Fabio Bagarello and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-24 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how complex systems from a variety of fields can be modeled using quantum mechanical ideas; from biology and ecology, to sociology and decision-making. Quantum mechanics is traditionally associated with microscopic systems; however, quantum concepts have also been successfully applied to a wide range of macroscopic systems both within and outside physics. The mathematical basis of these models is covered in detail, providing a self-contained and consistent approach. This book provides unique insight into the dynamics of these macroscopic systems and opens new interdisciplinary research frontiers. The authors present an essential resource for researchers in applied mathematics or theoretical physics who are interested in applying quantum mechanics to complex systems in the social, biological or ecological sciences. Describes how complex systems from a variety of fields can be modeled using quantum mechanical ideas Provides insight into the dynamics of macroscopic systems and opens new interdisciplinary research frontiers Introduces quantum tools needed for the analysis of the dynamical behavior of macroscopic systems

Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major advances in the quantum theory of macroscopic systems, in combination with stunning experimental achievements, have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Today, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book OCo originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 as an enlarged second edition OCo delves much deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods, and applications of quantum dissipative systems, including the most recent developments. In this third edition, 26 chapters from the second edition contain additional material and several chapters are completely rewritten. It deals with the phenomena and theory of decoherence, relaxation, and dissipation in quantum mechanics that arise from the interaction with the environment. In so doing, a general path integral description of equilibrium thermodynamics and nonequilibrium dynamics is developed. Sample Chapter(s). Introduction (262 KB). Contents: General Theory of Open Quantum Systems; Few Sample Applications; Quantum Statistical Decay; The Dissipative Two-State System; The Dissipative Multi-State System. Readership: Advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in quantum-statistical and condensed matter physics, quantum/classical mechanics, quantum information and computation, and quantum optics."

Download or read book Quantum Dissipative Systems written by Ulrich Weiss and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting from first principles, this book introduces the fundamental concepts and methods of dissipative quantum mechanics and explores related phenomena in condensed matter systems. Major experimental achievements in cooperation with theoretical advances have brightened the field and brought it to the attention of the general community in natural sciences. Nowadays, working knowledge of dissipative quantum mechanics is an essential tool for many physicists. This book -- originally published in 1990 and republished in 1999 and and 2008 as enlarged second and third editions -- delves significantly deeper than ever before into the fundamental concepts, methods and applications of quantum dissipative systems.This fourth edition provides a self-contained and updated account of the quantum mechanics of open systems and offers important new material including the most recent developments. The subject matter has been expanded by about fifteen percent. Many chapters have been completely rewritten to better cater to both the needs of newcomers to the field and the requests of the advanced readership. Two chapters have been added that account for recent progress in the field. This book should be accessible to all graduate students in physics. Researchers will find this a rich and stimulating source.

Download or read book Quantum Opto Mechanics with Micromirrors written by Simon Gröblacher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-16 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum effects in macroscopic systems have long been a fascination for researchers. Over the past decade mechanical oscillators have emerged as a leading system of choice for many such experiments. The work reported in this thesis investigates the effects of the radiation-pressure force of light on macroscopic mechanical structures. The basic system studied is a mechanical oscillator that is highly reflective and part of an optical resonator. It interacts with the optical cavity mode via the radiation-pressure force. Both the dynamics of the mechanical oscillation and the properties of the light field are modified through this interaction. The experiments use quantum optical tools (such as homodyning and down-conversion) with the goal of ultimately showing quantum behavior of the mechanical center of mass motion. Of particular value are the detailed descriptions of several novel experiments that pave the way towards this goal and are already shaping the field of quantum optomechanics, in particular optomechanical laser cooling and strong optomechanical coupling.

Download or read book Topics on the Information Theoretic Limits of Quantum Information Processing and Its Implementation written by Sadegh Raeisi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in quantum technologies enabled us to make large quantum states and pushed towards examining quantum theory at the macroscopic level. However observation of quantum e ects at a macroscopic level still remains a demanding task. In this thesis we try to address one of the challenges and propose and explore some new solutions. One of the obstacles for observation of macroscopic quantum e ects is the sensitivity to the measurement resolution. For many different cases, it has been observed that the precision requirement for measuring quantum effects increases with the system size. We formalize this as a conjecture that for observation of macroscopic quantum effects, either the outcome precision or the control precision of the measurements has to increase with system size. This indicates that the complexity of macroscopic quantum measurement increases with the system size and sheds some lights on the quantum-to-classical transition at the macroscopic level. We also introduce a technique to go around the sensitivity problem for observation of micro-macro entanglement. We propose that using a unitary deamplification process, one can bring the system back to the microscopic level where the measurements are less demanding and quantum effects are easier to verify. As the unitary processes do not change the entanglement, this serves as a verification tool for micro-macro entanglement. We also explored the connection between quantum effects and thermodynamics of macroscopic quantum systems for two specific cases. For one, we investigated the effect of entanglement in composite bosons and Bose-Einstein condensation. We showed that as the state of the composite boson approaches a maximally entangled state, the condensation rate also approaches one. The other case we considered was heat-bath algorithmic cooling. We found the cooling limit of this class of thermodynamic transformations and showed that it decreases exponentially with the number of qubits. We also developed an entropic version of Mermin's inequality. Here the idea is to develop a tool to reveal the entanglement in many-body quantum systems based on the entropy of the measurement outcomes. We introduce a new inequality that holds for locally realistic models, yet can be violated with quantum measurements. One of the nice features of this inequality is that it can be violated maximally with quantum measurements. This resembles the GHZ paradox but for entropies of the measurement outcomes.

Download or read book Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics and System of Systems Design Approach written by and published by Radha Rasbihari Das. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics written by Kristof T. Schütt and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-03 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing molecules and materials with desired properties is an important prerequisite for advancing technology in our modern societies. This requires both the ability to calculate accurate microscopic properties, such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles of specific configurations, as well as efficient sampling of potential energy surfaces to obtain corresponding macroscopic properties. Tools that can provide this are accurate first-principles calculations rooted in quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics, respectively. Unfortunately, they come at a high computational cost that prohibits calculations for large systems and long time-scales, thus presenting a severe bottleneck both for searching the vast chemical compound space and the stupendously many dynamical configurations that a molecule can assume. To overcome this challenge, recently there have been increased efforts to accelerate quantum simulations with machine learning (ML). This emerging interdisciplinary community encompasses chemists, material scientists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, joining forces to contribute to the exciting hot topic of progressing machine learning and AI for molecules and materials. The book that has emerged from a series of workshops provides a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. It contains tutorial material explaining the relevant foundations needed in chemistry, physics as well as machine learning to give an easy starting point for interested readers. In addition, a number of research papers defining the current state-of-the-art are included. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary that puts the respective parts into a broader scientific context.

Download or read book Classical Systems in Quantum Mechanics written by Pavel Bóna and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates two possibilities for describing classical-mechanical physical systems along with their Hamiltonian dynamics in the framework of quantum mechanics.The first possibility consists in exploiting the geometrical properties of the set of quantum pure states of "microsystems" and of the Lie groups characterizing the specific classical system. The second approach is to consider quantal systems of a large number of interacting subsystems – i.e. macrosystems, so as to study the quantum mechanics of an infinite number of degrees of freedom and to look for the behaviour of their collective variables. The final chapter contains some solvable models of “quantum measurement" describing dynamical transitions from "microsystems" to "macrosystems".

Download or read book Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling written by Shin Takagi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A coherent and self-contained account of macroscopic quantum phenomena for graduate students and researchers.

Download or read book An Introduction to Macroscopic Quantum Phenomena and Quantum Dissipation written by A. O. Caldeira and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-20 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops the basic material necessary to understand the quantum dynamics of macroscopic variables. Ideal for graduate students and researchers.

Download or read book The Quantum Theory of Measurement written by Paul Busch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present treatise is concerned with the quantum mechanical theory of measurement. Since the development of quantum theory in the 1920s the measuring process has been considered a very important problem. A large number of articles have accordingly been devoted to this subject. In this way the quantum mechanical measurement problem has been a source of inspiration for physical, mathematical and philo sophical investigations into the foundations of quantum theory, which has had an impact on a great variety of research fields, ranging from the physics of macroscopic systems to probability theory and algebra. Moreover, while many steps forward have been made and much insight has been gained on the road towards a solution of the measurement problem, left open nonetheless are important questions, which have in duced several interesting developments. Hence even today it cannot be said that the measurement process has lost its topicality and excite ment. Moreover, research in this field has made contact with current advances in high technology, which provide new possibilities for per forming former Gedanken experiments. For these reasons we felt that the time had come to develop a systematic exposition of the quantum theory of measurement which might serve as a basis and reference for future research into the foundations of quantum mechanics. But there are other sources of motivation which led us to make this effort. First of all, in spite of the many contributions to measurement theory there is still no generally accepted approach.

Download or read book Quantum Information Outside Quantum Information written by Alejandro Pozas Kerstjens and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum theory, as counter-intuitive as a theory can get, has turned out to make predictions of the physical world that match observations so precisely that it has been described as the most accurate physical theory ever devised. Viewing quantum entanglement, superposition and interference not as undesirable necessities but as interesting resources paved the way to the development of quantum information science. This area studies the processing, transmission and storage of information when one accounts that information is physical and subjected to the laws of nature that govern the systems it is encoded in. The development of the consequences of this idea, along with the great advances experienced in the control of individual quantum systems, has led to what is now known as the second quantum revolution, in which quantum information science has emerged as a fully-grown field. As such, ideas and tools developed within the framework of quantum information theory begin to permeate to other fields of research.This Ph.D. dissertation is devoted to the use of concepts and methods akin to the field of quantum information science in other areas of research. In the same way, it also considers how encoding information in quantum degrees of freedom may allow further development of well-established research fields and industries. This is, this thesis aims to the study of quantum information outside the field of quantum information. Four different areas are visited.A first question posed is that of the role of quantum information in quantum field theory, with a focus in the quantum vacuum. It is known that the quantum vacuum contains entanglement, but it remains unknown whether it can be accessed and exploited in experiments. We give crucial steps in this direction by studying the extraction of vacuum entanglement in realistic models of light-matter interaction, and by giving strict mathematical conditions of general applicability that must be fulfilled for extraction to be possible at all.Another field where quantum information methods can offer great insight is in that of quantum thermodynamics, where the idealizations made in macroscopic thermodynamics break down. Making use of a quintessential framework of quantum information and quantum optics, we study the cyclic operation of a microscopic heat engine composed by a single particle reciprocating between two finite-size baths, focusing on the consequences of the removal of the macroscopic idealizations.One more step down the stairs to applications in society, we analyze the impact that encoding information in quantum systems and processing it in quantum computers may have in the field of machine learning. A great desideratum in this area, largely obstructed by computational power, is that of explainable models which not only make predictions but also provide information about the decision process that triggers them. We develop an algorithm to train neural networks using explainable techniques that exploits entanglement and superposition to execute efficiently in quantum computers, in contrast with classical counterparts. Furthermore, we run it in state-of-the-art quantum computers with the aim of assessing the viability of realistic implementations.Lastly, and encompassing all the above, we explore the notion of causality in quantum mechanics from an information-theoretic point of view. While it is known since the work of John S. Bell in 1964 that, for a same causal pattern, quantum systems can generate correlations between variables that are impossible to obtain employing only classical systems, there is an important lack of tools to study complex causal effects whenever a quantum behavior is expected. We fill this gap by providing general methods for the characterization of the quantum correlations achievable in complex causal patterns. Closing the circle, we make use of these tools to find phenomena of fundamental and experimental relevance back in quantum information.

Download or read book The Quantum Matrix written by Gershon Kurizki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Henry Bar, physicist and the first quantum superhero, guides the reader through the amazing quantum world. His hair-raising adventures in his perilous struggle for quantum coherence are graphically depicted by comics and thoroughly explained to the lay reader. Behind each adventure lies a key concept in quantum physics. These concepts range from the basic quantum coherence and entanglement through tunnelling and the recently discovered quantum decoherence control, to the principles of the emerging technologies of quantum communication and computing. The explanations of the concepts are accessible, but nonetheless rigorous and detailed. They are followed by an account of the broader context of these concepts, their historic perspective, current status and forthcoming developments. Finally, thought-provoking philosophical and cultural implications of these concepts are discussed. The mathematical appendices of all chapters cover in a straightforward manner the core aspects of quantum physics at the level of a university introductory course. The Quantum Matrix presents an entertaining, popular, yet comprehensive picture of quantum physics . It can be read as a light-hearted illustrated tale, a philosophical treatise, or a textbook. Either way, the book lets the reader delve deeply into the wondrous quantum world from diverse perspectives and obtain glimpses into the quantum technologies that are about to reshape our lives. This book offers the reader an enjoyable and rewarding voyage through the quantum world.

Download or read book Quantum Effects in Biology written by Masoud Mohseni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the role of quantum mechanics in biology for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics, biology and chemistry.

Download or read book Methods of Statistical Physics written by A. I. Akhiezer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods of Statistical Physics is an exposition of the tools of statistical mechanics, which evaluates the kinetic equations of classical and quantized systems. The book also analyzes the equations of macroscopic physics, such as the equations of hydrodynamics for normal and superfluid liquids and macroscopic electrodynamics. The text gives particular attention to the study of quantum systems. This study begins with a discussion of problems of quantum statistics with a detailed description of the basics of quantum mechanics along with the theory of measurement. An analysis of the asymptotic behavior of universal quantities is also explained. Strong consideration is given to the systems with spontaneously broken system. Theories such as the kinetic theory of gases, the theory of Brownian motion, the theory of the slowing down of neutrons, and the theory of transport phenomena in crystals are discussed. The book will be a useful tool for physicists, mathematicians, students, and researchers in the field of statistical mechanics.

Download or read book Physics in a New Era written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-15 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics at the beginning of the twenty-first century has reached new levels of accomplishment and impact in a society and nation that are changing rapidly. Accomplishments have led us into the information age and fueled broad technological and economic development. The pace of discovery is quickening and stronger links with other fields such as the biological sciences are being developed. The intellectual reach has never been greater, and the questions being asked are more ambitious than ever before. Physics in a New Era is the final report of the NRC's six-volume decadal physics survey. The book reviews the frontiers of physics research, examines the role of physics in our society, and makes recommendations designed to strengthen physics and its ability to serve important needs such as national security, the economy, information technology, and education.

Download or read book The Physics of Quantum Mechanics written by James Binney and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title gives students a good understanding of how quantum mechanics describes the material world. The text stresses the continuity between the quantum world and the classical world, which is merely an approximation to the quantum world.