Download or read book Quantum Electrodynamics Atoms Lasers And Gravity written by Ulrich D Jentschura and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to a variety of topics surrounding quantum field theory, notably its role in bound states, laser physics, and the gravitational coupling of Dirac particles. It discusses some rather sophisticated concepts based on detailed derivations which cannot be found elsewhere in the literature.It is suitable for undergraduates, graduates, and researchers working on general relativity, relativistic atomic physics, quantum electrodynamics, as well as theoretical laser physics.

Download or read book Elements of Quantum Optics written by Pierre Meystre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book grew out of a 2-semester graduate course in laser physics and quantum optics. It requires a solid understanding of elementary electro magnetism as well as at least one, but preferably two, semesters of quantum mechanics. Its present form resulted from many years of teaching and research at the University of Arizona, the Max-Planck-Institut fiir Quanten optik, and the University of Munich. The contents have evolved signifi cantly over the years, due to the fact that quantum optics is a rapidly chang ing field. Because the amount of material that can be covered in two semes ters is finite, a number of topics had to be left out or shortened when new material was added. Important omissions include the manipulation of atomic trajectories by light, superradiance, and descriptions of experiments. Rather than treating any given topic in great depth, this book aims to give a broad coverage of the basic elements that we consider necessary to carry out research in quantum optics. We have attempted to present a vari ety of theoretical tools, so that after completion of the course students should be able to understand specialized research literature and to produce original research of their own. In doing so, we have always sacrificed rigor to physical insight and have used the concept of "simplest nontrivial exam ple" to illustrate techniques or results that can be generalized to more com plicated situations.

Download or read book Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields written by Walter Greiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental goal of physics is an understanding of the forces of nature in their simplest and most general terms. Yet there is much more involved than just a basic set of equations which eventually has to be solved when applied to specific problems. We have learned in recent years that the structure of the ground state of field theories (with which we are generally concerned) plays an equally funda mental role as the equations of motion themselves. Heisenberg was probably the first to recognize that the ground state, the vacuum, could acquire certain prop erties (quantum numbers) when he devised a theory of ferromagnetism. Since then, many more such examples are known in solid state physics, e. g. supercon ductivity, superfluidity, in fact all problems concerned with phase transitions of many-body systems, which are often summarized under the name synergetics. Inspired by the experimental observation that also fundamental symmetries, such as parity or chiral symmetry, may be violated in nature, it has become wide ly accepted that the same field theory may be based on different vacua. Practical ly all these different field phases have the status of more or less hypothetical models, not (yet) directly accessible to experiments. There is one magnificent ex ception and this is the change of the ground state (vacuum) of the electron-posi tron field in superstrong electric fields.

Download or read book Photons and Atoms written by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Quantum Electronics written by H. G. Unger and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Quantum Electronics is based on a one-semester lecture of electrical engineering for German students. The book is an introduction to the fundamentals of lasers and masers and a presentation of the principles of physics, their theory, and methods of analysis that seek to analyze, explain, and quantify related important phenomena. The properties of a laser is then discussed, the author comparing it to the properties of the maser. Although masers are based on the same physical properties as that of the lasers, masers amplify microwaves by induced emission. How the laser is amplified, its power and frequency of oscillation, and which media are suitable for lasers are analyzed. Descriptions of the laser take more emphasis as it is considered to have more technical applications than the maser. An example given is the operation of the gas laser, because it exhibits coherence in time and space, considered as the most important quality of laser beams. Physicists, students, and academicians in the field of electrical engineering and quantum electronics will find that this book addresses many of their interests.

Download or read book Quantum Electrodynamics and Quantum Optics written by A. O. Barut and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984-10-31 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The borderline of quantum electrodynamics and quantum optics offer spectacular results and problems concerning the foundations of radiation theory. Perhaps the major new viewpoint that has emerged from recent investigations is that one can now work inside a time-dependent quantum process, whereas up to now all elementary quantum processes were either stationary, or one worked with asymptotic in-and out-states, i.e. an S-matrix approach. In the-rirst part of this volume, the Quantum Electrodynamics, the present status of the main approaches to this most accurate of all physical theories are discussed: the Hamiltonian approach, the Green's function approach with particular emphasis to bound state problems, and the newer, nonperturbative approach. The latest numerical results on radiative corrections, Lamb shifts and anomalous magnetic moments are reviewed with new results for high Z atoms. Also discussed are different theoretical interpretations of the radiative phenomena as due to quantized field vacuum fluctuations or due to self energy. A small group of contributions are devoted to the physics and mathematical description of decaying or unstable states in quantum theory. This remarkable phenomenon of quantum theory still needs complete clarification, it is a time-dependent phenomenon, which can be described also by asymptotic S-matrix methods, but with complex energies.

Download or read book Optical Trapping And Manipulation Of Neutral Particles Using Lasers A Reprint Volume With Commentaries written by Arthur Ashkin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006-12-29 with total page 941 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important volume contains selected papers and extensive commentaries on laser trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using radiation pressure forces. Such techniques apply to a variety of small particles, such as atoms, molecules, macroscopic dielectric particles, living cells, and organelles within cells. These optical methods have had a revolutionary impact on the fields of atomic and molecular physics, biophysics, and many aspects of nanotechnology.In atomic physics, the trapping and cooling of atoms down to nanokelvins and even picokelvin temperatures are possible. These are the lowest temperatures in the universe. This made possible the first demonstration of Bose-Einstein condensation of atomic and molecular vapors. Some of the applications are high precision atomic clocks, gyroscopes, the measurement of gravity, cryptology, atomic computers, cavity quantum electrodynamics and coherent atom lasers.A major application in biophysics is the study of the mechanical properties of the many types of motor molecules, mechanoenzymes, and other macromolecules responsible for the motion of organelles within cells and the locomotion of entire cells. Unique in vitro and in vivo assays study the driving forces, stepping motion, kinetics, and efficiency of these motors as they move along the cell's cytoskeleton. Positional and temporal resolutions have been achieved, making possible the study of RNA and DNA polymerases, as they undergo their various copying, backtracking, and error correcting functions on a single base pair basis.Many applications in nanotechnology involve particle and cell sorting, particle rotation, microfabrication of simple machines, microfluidics, and other micrometer devices. The number of applications continues to grow at a rapid rate.The author is the discoverer of optical trapping and optical tweezers. With his colleagues, he first demonstrated optical levitation, the trapping of atoms, and tweezer trapping and manipulation of living cells and biological particles.This is the only review volume covering the many fields of optical trapping and manipulation. The intention is to provide a selective guide to the literature and to teach how optical traps really work.

Download or read book Molecular Quantum Electrodynamics written by D. P. Craig and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-contained, systematic introduction examines application of quantum electrodynamics to interpretation of optical experiments on atoms and molecules and explains the quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation and its interaction with matter.

Download or read book Quantum Radiation in Ultra Intense Laser Pulses written by K. Felix Mackenroth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances and several technical breakthroughs have led to a remarkable increase in available laser intensities over the past decades. In available ultra-intense laser fields, photon fluxes may become so high that free charge carriers interact coherently with several of the field's photons. In this thesis such nonlinear interactions are investigated for the prime example of radiation emission by electrons scattered from intense laser pulses of arbitrary temporal structure. To this end, nonlinear quantum field theory is employed taking the interaction with the laser into account exactly. After an in-depth introduction to classical particle dynamics as well as quantum field theory in nonlinearly intense laser fields the emission of one and two photons is explicitly analyzed. The results are then translated to viable technical applications, such as a scheme for the determination of the carrier-envelope phase of ultra-intense laser pulses and a proposal for detecting the strongly suppressed two-photon signal.

Download or read book Foundations of Molecular Quantum Electrodynamics written by R. Guy Woolley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive account of molecular quantum electrodynamics from the perspectives of physics and theoretical chemistry. The first part of the book establishes the essential concepts underlying classical electrodynamics, using the tools of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics. The second part focuses on the fundamentals of quantum mechanics, particularly how they relate to, and influence, chemical and molecular processes. The special case of the Coulomb Hamiltonian (including the celebrated Born-Oppenheimer approximation) is given a modern treatment. The final part of the book is devoted to non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics and describes in detail its impact upon our understanding of atoms and molecules, and their interaction with light. Particular attention is paid to the Power-Zienau-Woolley (PZW) representations, and both perturbative and non-perturbative approaches to QED calculation are discussed. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in chemical and molecular physics, quantum chemistry, and theoretical chemistry.

Download or read book Physics of Strained Quantum Well Lasers written by John P. Loehr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When this publisher offered me the opportunity to \\Tite a book, some six years ago, I did not hesitate to say yes. I had just spent the last four years of graduate school struggling to understand the physics of strained quantum well lasers, and it seemed to me the whole experience was much more difficult that it should have been. For although many of the results I needed were easy to locate, the underlying physical premises and intervening steps were not. If only I had a book providing the derivations, I could have absorbed them and gone on my way. Such a book lies before you. It provides a unified and self-contained descrip tion of the essential physics of strained quantum well lasers, starting from first principles whenever feasible. The presentation I have chosen requires only the standard introductory background in quantum mechanics, solid state physics, and electromagnetics expected of entering graduate students in physics or elec trical engineering. A single undergraduate course in each of these subjects should be more than sufficient to follow the text. :'Iore advanced material on quantum mechanics is developed and collected in the first chapter. \Vhen pos sible, I have presented the results in a general setting and have later applied them to specific cases of interest. I find this the most satisfying way to ap proach the subject, and it has the additional benefit of solving many problems once and for all.

Download or read book Quantum Optics of Confined Systems written by M. Ducloy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few years it was seen the emergence of various new quantum phenomena specifically related with electronic or optical confinement on a sub-wavelength-size. Fast developments simultaneously occurred in the field of Atomic Physics, notably through various regimes of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics, and in Solid State Physics, with advances in Quantum Well technology and Nanooptoelectronics. Simultaneously, breakthroughs in Near-Field Optics provided new tools which should be widely applicable to these domains. However, the key concepts used to describe these new and partly related effects are often very different and specific of the Community involved in a given development. It has been the ambition of the Meeting held at "Centre de Physique des Houches" to give an opportunity to specialists of different Communities to deepen their understanding of advances more or less intimately related to their own field, while presenting the basic concepts of these different fields through pedagogical Introductions. The audience comprised advanced students, postdocs and senior scientists, with a balanced participation of Atomic Physicists and Solid State Physicists, and had a truly international character. The considerable efforts of the lecturers, in order to present exciting new results in a language accessible to the whole audience, were the essential ingredients to achieve successfully what was the main goal of this School.

Download or read book Laser Physics written by Murray, Iii Sargent and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats the interaction of radiation with matter, particular attention being paid to the laser. Knowledge is assumed of the usual half-year introduction of quantum mechanics found in undergraduate physics curricula. The material can be covered in two semesters, or, alternatively, the first part (Chaps 1-13) can be used as a one-semester course in which quantum mechanical aspects of the electromagnetic field are ignored. Each chapter is accompanied by problems that illustrate the text and give useful (occasionally new) results. Existing laser media are intrinsically quantum mechanical and are most easily studied with the quantum theory. Understanding the laser along these lines enlivens one's understanding of quantum mechanics itself. In fact, the material constitutes a viable, applied alternative for the usual second and third semesters of quantum mechanics.

Download or read book Laser Physics written by Murray, Iii Sargent and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1978-01-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats the interaction of radiation with matter, particular attention being paid to the laser. Knowledge is assumed of the usual half-year introduction of quantum mechanics found in undergraduate physics curricula. The material can be covered in two semesters, or, alternatively, the first part (Chaps 1-13) can be used as a one-semester course in which quantum mechanical aspects of the electromagnetic field are ignored. Each chapter is accompanied by problems that illustrate the text and give useful (occasionally new) results. Existing laser media are intrinsically quantum mechanical and are most easily studied with the quantum theory. Understanding the laser along these lines enlivens one's understanding of quantum mechanics itself. In fact, the material constitutes a viable, applied alternative for the usual second and third semesters of quantum mechanics.

Download or read book Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics written by Sergio M. Dutra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-05-27 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens to light when it is trapped in a box? Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics addresses a fascinating question inphysics: what happens to light, and in particular to itsinteraction with matter, when it is trapped inside a box? With theaid of a model-building approach, readers discover the answer tothis question and come to appreciate its important applications incomputing, cryptography, quantum teleportation, andopto-electronics. Instead of taking a traditional approach thatrequires readers to first master a series of seemingly unconnectedmathematical techniques, this book engages the readers' interestand imagination by going straight to the point, introducing themathematics along the way as needed. Appendices are provided forthe additional mathematical theory. Researchers, scientists, and students of modern physics can referto Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics and examine the field thoroughly.Several key topics covered that readers cannot find in any otherquantum optics book include: * Introduction to the problem of the "vacuum catastrophe" and thecosmological constant * Detailed up-to-date account of cavity QED lasers andthresholdless lasing * Examination of cavities with movable walls * First-principles discussion about cavity QED in opencavities * Pedagogical account of microscopic quantization indielectrics Complementing the coverage of the most advanced theory andtechniques, the author provides context by discussing thehistorical evolution of the field and its discoveries. In thatspirit, "recommended reading," provided in each chapter, leadsreaders to both contemporary literature as well as key historicalpapers. Despite being one of many specialties within physics, cavityquantum electrodynamics serves as a window to many of thefundamental issues of physics. Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics willserve as an excellent resource for advanced undergraduate quantummechanics courses as well as for graduate students, researchers,and scientists who need a comprehensive introduction to the field.

Download or read book Concepts of Quantum Optics written by P. L. Knight and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts of Quantum Optics is a coherent and sequential coverage of some real insight into quantum physics. This book is divided into six chapters, and begins with an overview of the principles and concepts of radiation and quanta, with an emphasis on the significance of the Maxwell's electromagnetic theory of light. The next chapter describes first the properties of the radiation field in a bounded cavity, showing how each cavity field mode has the characteristics of a simple harmonic oscillator and how each can be quantized using known results for the quantum harmonic oscillator. This chapter also deals with the quantum fluctuations of the radiation field and the interpretation of a photon as an occupation of a normal mode of the system. These topics are followed by discussions of the radiation absorption and emission and the principles of coherent state and coherence functions. The final chapter considers the concept of semi-classical theory and its connection to quantum electrodynamics. This book is of value to undergraduate and postgraduate students who are starting research in laser physics or quantum optics.

Download or read book Quantum Optics and Laser Experiments written by Sergiy Lyagushyn and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book embraces a wide spectrum of problems falling under the concepts of "Quantum optics" and "Laser experiments". These actively developing branches of physics are of great significance both for theoretical understanding of the quantum nature of optical phenomena and for practical applications. The book includes theoretical contributions devoted to such problems as providing a general approach to describe electromagnetic field states with correlation functions of different nature, nonclassical properties of some superpositions of field states in time-varying media, photon localization, mathematical apparatus that is necessary for field state reconstruction on the basis of restricted set of observables, and quantum electrodynamics processes in strong fields provided by pulsed laser beams. Experimental contributions are presented in chapters about some quantum optics processes in photonic crystals - media with spatially modulated dielectric properties - and chapters dealing with the formation of cloud of cold atoms in magneto optical trap. All chapters provide the necessary basic knowledge of the phenomena under discussion and well-explained mathematical calculations.