Download or read book Quantum Effects in the Dynamics of Deeply Supercooled Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of its simple chemical structure, water remains one of the most puzzling liquids with many anomalies at low temperatures. Combining neutron scattering and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, we show that quantum fluctuations are not negligible in deeply supercooled water. Our dielectric measurements reveal the anomalously weak temperature dependence of structural relaxation in vapor-deposited water close to the glass transition temperature Tg~136K. We demonstrate that this anomalous behavior can be explained well by quantum effects. In conclusion, these results have significant implications for our understanding of water dynamics.

Download or read book Water in Confining Geometries written by V. Buch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts in the field, this book gives a wide-ranging and coherent treatment of water in confining geometries. It compiles and relates interdisciplinary work on this hot topic of research important in many areas of science and technology.

Download or read book Quantum Effects in Liquid Water written by Xinhui Guo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Properties of Water from Numerical and Experimental Perspectives written by Fausto Martelli and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-10-20 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the most important liquid in our life and one of the most abundant molecules in the universe, water is the least understood substance with a very rich phase diagram (at least 18 crystalline forms and two liquids) and more that 60 dynamical/thermodynamic anomalies whose origins are still under debate. Properties of Water from Numerical and Experimental Perspectives gathers together leading scientists and experts in the field of water. By merging the theoretical/computational point of view with experimental approaches, it presents a state-of-the-art description of the properties of water, enlightening the source of the anomalies of water and describing how such anomalies actively affect the functioning of biological substances.

Download or read book Modern Problems of the Physics of Liquid Systems written by Leonid A. Bulavin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of selected reviews from PLMMP 2018 that address modern problems in the fields of liquids, solutions and confined systems, critical phenomena, as well as colloidal and biological systems. The papers focus on state-of-the-art developments in the contemporary physics of liquid matter, and are divided into four parts: (i) water and water systems, (ii) physical–chemical properties of liquid systems, (iii) aggregation in liquid systems, and (iv) biological aspects of liquid systems, irradiation influences on liquid systems. Taken together, they cover the latest developments in the broader field of liquid states, including interdisciplinary problems.

Download or read book Novel Approaches to the Structure and Dynamics of Liquids Experiments Theories and Simulations written by Jannis Samios and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unique behavior of the "liquid state", together with the richness of phenomena that are observed, render liquids particularly interesting for the scientific community. Note that the most important reactions in chemical and biological systems take place in solutions and liquid-like environments. Additionally, liquids are utilized for numerous industrial applications. It is for these reasons that the understanding of their properties at the molecular level is of foremost interest in many fields of science and engineering. What can be said with certainty is that both the experimental and theoretical studies of the liquid state have a long and rich history, so that one might suppose this to be essentially a solved problem. It should be emphasized, however, that although, for more than a century, the overall scientific effort has led to a considerable progress, our understanding of the properties of the liquid systems is still incomplete and there is still more to be explored. Basic reason for this is the "many body" character of the particle interactions in liquids and the lack of long-range order, which introduce in liquid state theory and existing simulation techniques a number of conceptual and technical problems that require specific approaches. Also, many of the elementary processes that take place in liquids, including molecular translational, rotational and vibrational motions (Trans. -Rot. -Vib. coupling), structural relaxation, energy dissipation and especially chemical changes in reactive systems occur at different and/or extremely short timescales.

Download or read book Effects of Confinement on the Thermodynamics of Supercooled Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The main focus of this thesis is to understand how confinement alters the phase diagram of supercooled liquid water by employing methods of statistical mechanics and numerical simulations.Water is very complex and anomalous when compared to simple liquids. For example, experimental data for liquid water reveals the presence of a temperature of maximum density (TMD) below which the density decreases under isobaric cooling. Another anomaly is the hypothesized liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) between two types of liquid water with different densities. In this thesis we study how confinement affects such anomalies as TMD and LLPT in supercooled liquid water.This thesis is separated into three parts: (i) Monte Carlo simulations of a 2D coarse-grained model of a water layer confined in a fixed disordered matrix of hydrophobic nanoparticles, (ii) molecular dynamics simulations of a Jagla ramp model of liquid confined in fixed ordered and disordered matrices of hydrophobic nanoparticles, and (iii) all-atom simulations of trehalose and maltose in aqueous solution of lysozyme.In Part (i), we perform Monte Carlo simulations and find that a nanoparticle concentration as small as 2.4% is enough to destroy the LLPT for pressure P > 0.14 GPa. Moreover, we find a substantial (more than 90%) decrease of compressibility, thermal expansion coefficient and specific heat at high P and low temperature T upon increase of nanoparticle concentration from 0% to 25%.In Part (ii), we ask how, for single component systems interacting via a soft-core isotropic potential with two characteristic length scales, the geometry of hydrophobic confinement affects the phase diagram. We use molecular dynamics simulations to study particles interacting through a ramp potential and a shoulder potential, each confined in a fixed matrix of nanoscopic particles with a fixed volume fraction. We find a substantial weakening of the LLPT and the disappearance of TMD upon the increase of disorder in the confining geometry.In Part (iii), we study aqueous systems with all-atom simulations. We are currently investigating the mechanism of water-trehalose-protein and water-maltose-protein interaction upon supercooling for its relevance to bioprotection.

Download or read book Complex Materials in Physics and Biology written by F. Mallamace and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising connections which have developed between physics and various fields as diverse as biology and economics now constitute the fascinating research area known as complex materials and systems. The study of complex materials and processes is rapidly expanding, and many important experimental and theoretical discoveries have been made in recent years. Statistical physics is key to exploring this new and expanding field, enabling an understanding of real-world phenomena compromised of complex materials or exhibiting complex processes. This book includes lectures presented at the CLXXVI International School of Physics “Enrico Fermi”, held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2010. The school focused on recent advances and developing perspectives in the study of complex materials and processes, as related to physics and biology. The book provides both an introduction and a complete presentation of recent theoretical and experimental developments for each topic. Topics addressed include: scaling and universality, supra-molecular systems and solutions, polymer systems, static and dynamics of liquid water, arrested dynamics and jamming, dynamics of out of equilibrium systems, physics of confined liquids, granular matter, physics of biological and medical systems, networks in physical and social sciences, turbulence in physics, biology and economics and finally, switching phenomena in biology and economics. The book provides reviews of these cutting edge topics by leading authorities and will be a reference work useful to both advanced research professionals and beginning graduate students.

Download or read book Abridged Thermodynamic and Thermochemical Tables written by Frederick Douglas Hamblin and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1968 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of amyloidosis has attracted the attention of numerous researchers for two main reasons: (1) it involves unexpected changes in protein conformation (without chemical intervention) and (2) has practical implications, such as elucidating the mechanisms which drive neurodegenerative diseases carries. In particular, understanding the process of amyloidosis is a fundamental prerequisite in the search for new, effective drugs and therapies targeting the key area of neurodegenerative diseases. The book proposes a model and a mechanism which explain protein misfolding. The concepts presented are based on a model originally intended to show how proteins attain their native conformations. The model is quantitative in nature and founded upon arguments derived from information theory. It facilitates prediction and simulation of the amyloid fibrillation process. It also identifies progressive changes which occur in native proteins, leading to the emergence of amyloid aggregations.

Download or read book Water in Biology Chemistry and Physics written by G. Wilse Robinson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central theme, which threads through the entire book, concerns computational modeling methods for water. Modeling results for pure liquid water, water near ions, water at interfaces, water in biological microsystems, and water under other types of perturbations such as laser fields are described. Connections are made throughout the book with statistical mechanical theoretical methods on the one hand and with experimental data on the other. The book is expected to be useful not only for theorists and computer analysts interested in the physical, chemical, biological and geophysical aspects of water, but also for experimentalists in these fields.

Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relaxation Dynamics of Confined Supercooled Water written by Johan Hedström and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book From Globular Proteins to Amyloids written by Irena Roterman-Konieczna and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Globular Proteins to Amyloids proposes a model and mechanism for explaining protein misfolding. Concepts presented are based on a model originally intended to show how proteins attain their native conformations. This model is quantitative in nature and founded upon arguments derived from information theory. It facilitates prediction and simulation of the amyloid fibrillation process, also identifying the progressive changes that occur in native proteins that lead to the emergence of amyloid aggregations. Introduces basic rules for protein folding, along with the conditions that result in misfolding Presents research that lies in treating the aqueous environment as a continuum rather than a set of individual water molecules (i.e. the classic representation) Provides practical applications for helping the prevention of amyloidosis and improving drug design

Download or read book Publications of the National Bureau of Standards Catalog written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Structure and Dynamics of Supercooled Water and Other Glassy Materials written by Piero Baglioni and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Molecular Dynamics Studies of Supercooled Water Using a Monatomic Model written by Emily Brooke Moore and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cooperative Motions in Supercooled Liquids and Glasses written by Jacob D. Stevenson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why glasses behave like solids in the absence of their having any long range structural order, is a fundamental problem of statistical physics, one that has been actively researched for more than 80 years. Supported by the mean field theory of supercooled liquids and a deep connection to mean field spin glasses with one step replica symmetry breaking, the random first order transition theory offers a solution to the glass problem based on assuming proximity to an underlying ideal glass transition. In the deeply supercooled liquid the free energy landscape is dominated by metastable structural basins separated by large free energy barriers. The rate of inter-conversion between these structural states is ultimately driven by the entropic cost of remaining confined to one basin, a cost which is quantified by the configurational entropy. Both the activation free energy barrier and the number of cooperatively moving particles required to overcome the barrier diverge as the ideal glass transition is approached. The cooperative nature of the dynamics in the deeply supercooled liquid regime has been confirmed by experiments and simulations and has been the subject of intense study in recent years. In the following we explore the implications of cooperative dynamics in the random first order transition theory with particular focus on the expected behavior at the ideal glass transition temperature and at the dynamical crossover, the temperature where activated motions first become important. We also show how the general features of secondary relaxation can be recovered by adding local fluctuations to the equations describing cooperative reconfiguration. Finally, we describe how cooperatively rearranging regions modify dynamics near the surface of glasses, reducing the apparent viscosity by several orders of magnitude.