Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging of in Vivo Breast Tumors written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this dissertation is to perform quantitative ultrasound imaging (QUS) of in vivo breast tumors in order to provide new tools to differentiate benign from malignant breast masses. The studies outlined in Chapters 3-4 demonstrate that attenuation and backscatter coefficients (BSC) of phantoms can be estimated from the radiofrequency echo data acquired by a clinical ultrasound imaging system, when a well-calibrated reference phantom is used to account for dependencies of echo signals on system settings and transducer properties. Chapter 5 presents attenuation and backscatter coefficients for an animal breast tumor model and demonstrates the feasibility of producing accurate QUS parameters regardless of imaging system used. The study in Chapter 5 was validated in Chapter 6 using a phantom that mimics scanning conditions encountered in the animal model study. A least squares method (LSM) was introduced to estimate attenuation over inhomogeneous paths between an ultrasound transducer and a mass and was verified using phantoms. The LSM was also applied in QUS studies of human breast masses. Preliminary data on attenuation, BSCs, and effective scatterer diameters (ESD) within human breast masses were derived from a subject population undergoing breast biopsies. The attenuation in the mass was estimated from the product of the attenuation coefficient and antero-posterior dimension and was compared to relative acoustic shadowing criteria reported as "posterior echo features" in the BI-RADS lexicon. The BSC averaged over frequency (ABSC) provides information of the echogenicity of an object. The ABSC was compared to the "echo pattern" descriptor of the BI-RADS and showed a potential to quantify the echogenicity within masses. A plot of the ABSC and attenuation coefficient showed potential to differentiate between fibroadenomas and carcinomas with a linear discriminant. In addition, most fibroadenomas exhibited a wider distribution of ESD estimates over the ROI than carcinomas. Chapter 9 presents an assessment of accuracy of attenuation measurements by the reference phantom method when the tissue sound speed differs from that of the reference. These results demonstrate that a great progress has been made in the effort to develop QUS technology to improve breast ultrasound specificity

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound in Soft Tissues written by Jonathan Mamou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to parallel advances in signal processing and computer hardware in the last 15 years, quantitative ultrasound techniques have reached maturity, allowing for the construction of quantitative maps or images of soft tissues. This book will focus on 5 modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound of soft tissues: - Spectral-based methods for tissue characterization, tissue typing, cancer detection, etc.; - Envelope statistics analysis as a means of quantifying and imaging tissue properties; - Ultrasound elastography for quantifying elastic properties of tissues (several clinical ultrasound scanners now display elastography images); - Scanning acoustic microscopy for forming images of mechanical properties of soft tissues with micron resolution (desktop size scanners are now available); and - Ultrasound computer tomography for breast cancer imaging (new ultrasound tomography systems have been developed and are currently under evaluation clinically).

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging During Shear Wave Propagation for Application Related to Breast Cancer Diagnosis written by Marzieh Alavi Dorcheh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 2D 3D Quantitative Ultrasound of the Breast written by Haidy Gerges Nasief and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death of women in the United States, so breast cancer screening for early detection is common. The purpose of this dissertation is to optimize quantitative ultrasound (QUS) methods to improve the specificity and objectivity of breast ultrasound. To pursue this goal, the dissertation is divided into two parts: 1) to optimize 2D QUS, and 2) to introduce and validate 3D QUS. Previous studies had validated these methods in phantoms. Applying our QUS analysis on subcutaneous breast fat demonstrated that QUS parameter estimates for subcutaneous fat were consistent among different human subjects. This validated our in vivo data acquisition methods and supported the use of breast fat as a clinical reference tissue for ultrasound BI-RADS® assessments. Although current QUS methods perform well for straightforward cases when assumptions of stationarity and diffuse scattering are well-founded, these conditions often are not present due to the complicated nature of in vivo breast tissue. Key improvements in QUS algorithms to address these challenges were: 1) applying a "modified least squares method (MLSM)" to account for the heterogeneous tissue path between the transducer and the region of interest, ROI; 2) detecting anisotropy in acoustic parameters; and 3) detecting and removing the echo sources that depart from diffuse and stationary scattering conditions. The results showed that a Bayesian classifier combining three QUS parameters in a biased pool of high-quality breast ultrasound data successfully differentiated all fibroadenomas from all carcinomas. Given promising initial results in 2D, extension to 3D acquisitions in QUS provided a unique capability to test QUS for the entire breast volume. QUS parameter estimates using 3D data were consistent with those found in 2D for phantoms and in-vivo data. Extensions of QUS technology from 2D to 3D can improve the specificity of breast ultrasound, and thus, could lead to improved screening with this modality.

Download or read book Research and Development in Breast Ultrasound written by E. Ueno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-20 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was planned in order to announce the contents discussed in the 13th International Congress on the Ultrasound Examination of the Breast. Breast ultrasound has become a indispensable method for the diagnosis of cancer of the breast. Breast ultrasound will become more convenient and precise diagnostic method according to the development of the device. In addition, application to breast screening or medical check has started, on the other hand the interventional method has also developed.

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Vitro and in Vivo written by Roxana Magdalena Vlad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical oncology and experimental therapeutics, changes in tumour growth rate or volume have been traditionally the first indication of treatment response. These changes typically occur late in the course of therapy. Currently, no routinely available imaging modality is capable of assessing tumour response to cancer treatment within hours or days after delivery of radiation treatment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to develop the use of ultrasound imaging and ultrasound characterization methods with frequencies of 10 to 30 MHz to assess non-invasively tumour response to radiotherapy, early, within hours to days after delivery of radiotherapy.Responses to radiotherapy were characterized initially in vitro in a well-controlled environment using cell samples. It was demonstrated experimentally that the changes in ultrasound integrated backscatter and spectral slopes were the direct consequences of cell and nuclear morphological changes associated with cell death. The research in vitro provided a basis for the in vivo research that characterized responses to radiotherapy in cancer mouse models. The results from mouse tumour models indicated that quantitative ultrasound could detect the regions in a tumour that corresponded in histology to areas of cell death.In order to understand the cellular morphological changes responsible for ultrasound scattering at these frequencies and assist in the interpretation of experimental data, numerical simulations of ultrasound scattering from four different cell lines exposed to radiotherapy were conducted and compared to experimental results. It was concluded that the increases measured in ultrasound backscatter could in part be explained by the increase in the randomization of cell nuclei resulting from the increase in the variance of cell sizes following cell death.In this thesis, it is demonstrated that ultrasound imaging and quantitative ultrasound methods were able to detect non-invasively early responses to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism behind this detection was linked to changes in the acoustic properties of nuclei and changes in the spatial organization of cells and nuclei following cell death. This provides the groundwork for future investigations regarding the use of ultrasound in cancer patients to individualize treatments non-invasively based on their responses to specific interventions.

Download or read book Quantitative Imaging Study of Breast Cancer written by Gurpreet Singh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volumetric measurement using the mammography has been done in the work which can help significantly for evaluating therapeutic response. The ability to accurately calculate the in vivo volume of tumors also has been achieved in this work. In vivo tumor volume measurement using mammography is the main strength of this study. The volume using the mammography will have been the advantage as a response evaluation tool. It can be routinely used in clinical oncology practice. Tumor volume is a more representative quantity of three dimensional tumor mass which is generally of irregular shape and size. The present study underlines the use of Doppler as its cheap examine tool for evaluation the chemotherapy response. It is another significant contribution to the existing literature. Restivity Index (RI), Pulsatility Index (PI) and peak systolic velocity are the Doppler parameters for evaluation of the drug response in cancer patients. Clinical study of the various antioxidant levels like r-SOD, r-GPx, r-catalase and FRAP observed at respective intervals after various cycles of chemotherapy and mastectomy in case of breast cancer has been done.

Download or read book In Vivo Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging and Scatter Assessments written by Zheng Feng Lu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Vitro and in Vivo written by Roxana Magdalena Vlad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical oncology and experimental therapeutics, changes in tumour growth rate or volume have been traditionally the first indication of treatment response. These changes typically occur late in the course of therapy. Currently, no routinely available imaging modality is capable of assessing tumour response to cancer treatment within hours or days after delivery of radiation treatment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to develop the use of ultrasound imaging and ultrasound characterization methods with frequencies of 10 to 30 MHz to assess non-invasively tumour response to radiotherapy, early, within hours to days after delivery of radiotherapy. Responses to radiotherapy were characterized initially in vitro in a well-controlled environment using cell samples. It was demonstrated experimentally that the changes in ultrasound integrated backscatter and spectral slopes were the direct consequences of cell and nuclear morphological changes associated with cell death. The research in vitro provided a basis for the in vivo research that characterized responses to radiotherapy in cancer mouse models. The results from mouse tumour models indicated that quantitative ultrasound could detect the regions in a tumour that corresponded in histology to areas of cell death. In order to understand the cellular morphological changes responsible for ultrasound scattering at these frequencies and assist in the interpretation of experimental data, numerical simulations of ultrasound scattering from four different cell lines exposed to radiotherapy were conducted and compared to experimental results. It was concluded that the increases measured in ultrasound backscatter could in part be explained by the increase in the randomization of cell nuclei resulting from the increase in the variance of cell sizes following cell death. In this thesis, it is demonstrated that ultrasound imaging and quantitative ultrasound methods were able to detect non-invasively early responses to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism behind this detection was linked to changes in the acoustic properties of nuclei and changes in the spatial organization of cells and nuclei following cell death. This provides the groundwork for future investigations regarding the use of ultrasound in cancer patients to individualize treatments non-invasively based on their responses to specific interventions.

Download or read book Breast Elastography written by Richard G. Barr and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference covers the principles and techniques used in performing breast elastography, an innovative imaging technology that can dramatically reduce the need for biopsies. The book begins with an introduction of the techniques, followed by sections on how to perform each technique and methods of interpretation, and concludes with more than 60 detailed case studies. Key Features: Includes case studies covering a wide range of breast pathologies and illustrating the use of all available elastography techniques to help radiologists obtain the best images for each pathology Covers all methods of breast elastography, including sheer wave and strain wave Contains more than 200 high-quality color images that demonstrate how to perform each technique Breast Elastography is an essential reference for all radiologists, residents and fellows, and sonographers involved in breast imaging and evaluation.

Download or read book Molecular Imaging in Oncology written by Otmar Schober and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-27 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the most significant recent advances in oncological molecular imaging, covering the full spectrum from basic and preclinical research to clinical practice. The content is divided into five sections, the first of which is devoted to standardized and emerging technologies and probe designs for different modalities, such as PET, SPECT, optical and optoacoustic imaging, ultrasound, CT, and MRI. The second section focuses on multiscale preclinical applications ranging from advanced microscopy and mass spectroscopy to whole-body imaging. In the third section, various clinical applications are presented, including image-guided surgery and the radiomic analysis of multiple imaging features. The final two sections are dedicated to the emerging, crucial role that molecular imaging can play in the planning and monitoring of external and internal radiotherapy, and to future challenges and prospects in multimodality imaging. Given its scope, the handbook will benefit all readers who are interested in the revolution in diagnostic and therapeutic oncology that is now being brought about by molecular imaging.

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound in Soft Tissues written by Jonathan Mamou and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) continues to mature as a research field and is primed to make a swift transition to routine preclinical and clinical applications. This book will serve two main purposes: Advanced education in QUS by providing a complete and thorough review of all theoretical, physical, and engineering aspects of QUS. Review of recent development of QUS by lead contributors in the research field. This 2nd edition will focus on 6 modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound of soft tissues: Spectral-based methods for tissue characterization, tissue typing, cancer detection, etc. Attenuation estimation for tissue characterization and improving spectral based methods Envelope statistics analysis as a means of quantifying and imaging tissue properties. Ultrasound computed tomography for preclinical and clinical imaging. Scanning acoustic microscopy for forming images of mechanical properties of soft tissues with micron resolution. Phantoms for quantitative ultrasound.

Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound written by Thomas Fuerst PhD and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-13 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound is quickly becoming the technique of choice in the measurement of bone density. Proving cheaper and more portable than previous techniques, and also having the advantage of not using ionizing radiation, it is likely that the use of various ultrasound systems will become increasingly widespread in clinical practice. This book is a comprehensive review of the systems currently available, preceded by a summary of the basic science of ultrasound and concluding with a section on clinical studies, trials and experience in a number of countries. Likely future developments are also discussed, bringing the book completely up to date.

Download or read book Mammography and Beyond written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 180,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed in women in the U.S. If cancer is detected when small and local, treatment options are less dangerous, intrusive, and costly-and more likely to lead to a cure. Yet those simple facts belie the complexity of developing and disseminating acceptable techniques for breast cancer diagnosis. Even the most exciting new technologies remain clouded with uncertainty. Mammography and Beyond provides a comprehensive and up-to-date perspective on the state of breast cancer screening and diagnosis and recommends steps for developing the most reliable breast cancer detection methods possible. This book reviews the dramatic expansion of breast cancer awareness and screening, examining the capabilities and limitations of current and emerging technologies for breast cancer detection and their effectiveness at actually reducing deaths. The committee discusses issues including national policy toward breast cancer detection, roles of public and private agencies, problems in determining the success of a technique, availability of detection methods to specific populations of women, women's experience during the detection process, cost-benefit analyses, and more. Examining current practices and specifying research and other needs, Mammography and Beyond will be an indispensable resource to policy makers, public health officials, medical practitioners, researchers, women's health advocates, and concerned women and their families.

Download or read book Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging written by Hideyuki Hasegawa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Ultrafast Ultrasound Imaging" that was published in Applied Sciences

Download or read book Ultrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine written by Ivan Z. Nenadic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-25 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine Ivan Z. Nenadic, Matthew W. Urban, James F. Greenleaf, Mayo Clinic Ultrasound Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, USA Jean-Luc Gennisson, Miguel Bernal, Mickael Tanter, Institut Langevin – Ondes et Images, ESPCI ParisTech CNRS, France Covers all major developments and techniques of Ultrasound Elastography and biomedical applications The field of ultrasound elastography has developed various techniques with the potential to diagnose and track the progression of diseases such as breast and thyroid cancer, liver and kidney fibrosis, congestive heart failure, and atherosclerosis. Having emerged in the last decade, ultrasound elastography is a medical imaging modality that can noninvasively measure and map the elastic and viscous properties of soft tissues. Ultrasound Elastography for Biomedical Applications and Medicine covers the basic physics of ultrasound wave propagation and the interaction of ultrasound with various media. The book introduces tissue elastography, covers the history of the field, details the various methods that have been developed by research groups across the world, and describes its novel applications, particularly in shear wave elastography. Key features: Covers all major developments and techniques of ultrasound elastography and biomedical applications. Contributions from the pioneers of the field secure the most complete coverage of ultrasound elastography available. The book is essential reading for researchers and engineers working in ultrasound and elastography, as well as biomedical engineering students and those working in the field of biomechanics.

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Elastography written by Sudhakar K. Venkatesh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to cover the groundbreaking development and clinical applications of Magnetic Resonance Elastography, this book is essential for all practitioners interested in this revolutionary diagnostic modality. The book is divided into three sections. The first covers the history of MRE. The second covers technique and clinical applications of MRE in the liver with respect to fibrosis, liver masses, and other diseases. Case descriptions are presented to give the reader a hands-on approach. The final section presents the techniques, sequence and preliminary results of applications in other areas of the body including muscle, brain, lung, heart, and breast.