Download or read book Providing Easy to Use and Fast Programming Support for Non Volatile Memories written by Amirsaman Memaripour and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies, such as 3D XPoint, offer DRAM-like performance and byte-addressable access to persistent data. NVMs promise an opportunity for fast, persistent data structures, and a wide range of applications stand to benefit from the performance potential of these technologies. These potential benefits are greatest when applications access NVM directly via load/store instructions rather than conventional file-based interfaces. Directly accessing NVM presents several challenges. In particular, applications need guaranteed consistency and safety semantics to protect their data structures in the face of system failures and programming errors. Implementing data structures that meet these requirements is challenging and error-prone. Existing methods for building persistent data structures require either in-depth code changes to an existing data structure or rewriting the data structure from scratch. Unfortunately, both of these methods are labor-intensive and error-prone. Failure-atomicity libraries and programming language extensions can simplify this task. However, all the proposed solutions either require pervasive changes to existing software or incur unacceptable overheads to runtime performance. As a result, porting legacy applications to leverage NVM is likely to be prohibitively difficult and time-consuming. This dissertation first presents Breeze, an NVM toolchain that minimizes the changes necessary to enable legacy code to reap the benefits of directly accessing NVM. In contrast to PMDK and NVM-Direct, Breeze reduces the programming effort of porting Memcached and MongoDB by up to 2.8×, while providing equal or superior performance. Second, it introduces NVHooks, a compiler that automatically annotates NVM accesses and avoids disruptive and error-prone changes to programs. NVHooks reduces the cost of these annotations by applying novel, NVM-specific optimizations to their placement. For our tested benchmarks, NVHooks matches the performance of hand-annotated code while minimizing programmer effort. Finally, it presents Pronto, a new NVM library that reduces the programming effort required to add persistence to volatile data structures. Pronto uses asynchronous semantic logging (ASL) to allow adding persistence to the existing volatile data structure (e.g., C++ Standard Template Library containers) with minor programming effort. ASL moves most durability code off the critical path. Our evaluation shows Pronto data structures outperform highly-optimized NVM data structures by a large margin.

Download or read book Providing Fast and Safe Access to Next generation Non volatile Memories written by Joel Dylan Coburn and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging non-volatile memory technologies such as phase change memory, spin-torque transfer memory, and the memristor, will provide many orders of magnitude decrease in latency compared to disk and flash memory, dramatic increases in bandwidth, and a byte-addressable interface similar to DRAM. These new memories will offer enormous performance gains and intuitive abstractions for storage, but fully realizing these benefits requires us to rid software of disk-centric optimizations, design decisions, and architectures that limit performance and ignore bottlenecks previously hidden by the poor performance of disk. The algorithms that storage and database systems use to enforce strong consistency guarantees are critical to performance, and current solutions are deeply tied to conventional disk technology. This dissertation addresses the problem of providing transactional support for fast, non-volatile memories that exploits their raw performance and makes programming easy. First, we present a prototype PCIe-based storage array that targets fast, non-volatile memories and provides hardware support for multi-part atomic write operations. Multi-part atomic writes atomically and durably commit groups of writes to storage. Unlike previous approaches for flash-based SSDs, multi-part atomic write support makes logging scalable and transparent, providing a strong foundation for flexible ACID transactions. Using multi-part atomic writes, existing transactions mechanisms such as ARIES-style write-ahead logging can be redesigned to make optimal use of these memories, providing up to 3.7x the performance of the baseline version of ARIES. Second, we address the problem of providing strong consistency guarantees for storage that is directly accessible via the processor's memory bus. We present NV-heaps, a persistent object store which provides a familiar programming interface and protects against application and system failures by avoiding familiar programmer errors as well as new errors that only arise with persistent objects. Compared to Berkeley DB and Stasis, two persistent object stores designed for disk, NV-heaps improves performance by 32x and 244x, respectively, for operations on a variety of persistent data structures. To further improve safety, we present programming language support for NV-heaps. We introduce a Java-like language that provides the features NV-heaps require, along with a new static dependent type system that enforces the invariants that make NV-heaps safe.

Download or read book Programming Persistent Memory written by Steve Scargall and published by Apress. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning and experienced programmers will use this comprehensive guide to persistent memory programming. You will understand how persistent memory brings together several new software/hardware requirements, and offers great promise for better performance and faster application startup times—a huge leap forward in byte-addressable capacity compared with current DRAM offerings. This revolutionary new technology gives applications significant performance and capacity improvements over existing technologies. It requires a new way of thinking and developing, which makes this highly disruptive to the IT/computing industry. The full spectrum of industry sectors that will benefit from this technology include, but are not limited to, in-memory and traditional databases, AI, analytics, HPC, virtualization, and big data. Programming Persistent Memory describes the technology and why it is exciting the industry. It covers the operating system and hardware requirements as well as how to create development environments using emulated or real persistent memory hardware. The book explains fundamental concepts; provides an introduction to persistent memory programming APIs for C, C++, JavaScript, and other languages; discusses RMDA with persistent memory; reviews security features; and presents many examples. Source code and examples that you can run on your own systems are included. What You’ll Learn Understand what persistent memory is, what it does, and the value it brings to the industry Become familiar with the operating system and hardware requirements to use persistent memory Know the fundamentals of persistent memory programming: why it is different from current programming methods, and what developers need to keep in mind when programming for persistence Look at persistent memory application development by example using the Persistent Memory Development Kit (PMDK)Design and optimize data structures for persistent memoryStudy how real-world applications are modified to leverage persistent memoryUtilize the tools available for persistent memory programming, application performance profiling, and debugging Who This Book Is For C, C++, Java, and Python developers, but will also be useful to software, cloud, and hardware architects across a broad spectrum of sectors, including cloud service providers, independent software vendors, high performance compute, artificial intelligence, data analytics, big data, etc.

Download or read book Constrained Codes and Signal Processing for Non Volatile Memories written by Minghai Qin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-volatile memories (NVMs) have attracted considerable attention as data storage media because of their fast read/write speed, high data throughput, large capacity, and low power consumption. They are widely used in mobile, embedded, and mass-storage applications. The research goal of this dissertation is to model NVM systems in a mathematical manner and to design constrained codes and signal processing techniques that improve the performance of NVM systems. Our main contribution of this research dissertation is the invention of constrained codes for different NVM systems. For the most widely-used flash memory systems, we manage to use inter-cell interference (ICI) free codes to mitigate the coupling effect of adjacent cells during write operations, to use balanced codes to tolerate charge leakage effects during read operations, and to use write-once memory (WOM) codes to enlarge the lifetime capacity of devices for several practical scenarios. On the other hand, we also manage to use time-space constrained codes to eliminate cross-talk and to reduce heat accumulation for phase-change memories (PCMs), which is one of the emerging technologies that could potentially replace flash memories as the building block for the next generation of NVM systems. We derive the capacity (or bounds on the capacity) for each constraint and provide explicit code constructions with low encoding and decoding complexities. Furthermore, the optimization of programming flash memory systems is studied by signal processing tools. Flash memories use the amount of charge trapped in cells to represent the data and the cells can have multiple levels . One of the most prominent features of programming flash memory cells is the asymmetry in programming and erasing, namely, the cell levels can only be increased during programming and cell erasure must be done at the block level. In order to achieve high programming speed and precision, we solve optimization problems that either minimize the programming time or the number of programming errors, subject to the constraint of unidirectional incrementing of cell levels.

Download or read book Programming Languages and Systems written by Stephanie Weirich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Primer on Memory Persistency written by Gogte Vaibhav and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to emerging persistent memory (PM) technologies that promise the performance of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) with the durability of traditional storage media, such as hard disks and solid-state drives (SSDs). Persistent memories (PMs), such as Intel's Optane DC persistent memories, are commercially available today. Unlike traditional storage devices, PMs can be accessed over a byte-addressable load-store interface with access latency that is comparable to DRAM. Unfortunately, existing hardware and software systems are ill-equipped to fully avail the potential of these byte-addressable memory technologies as they have been designed to access traditional storage media over a block-based interface. Several mechanisms have been explored in the research literature over the past decade to design hardware and software systems that provide high-performance access to PMs.Because PMs are durable, they can retain data across failures, such as power failures and program crashes. Upon a failure, recovery mechanisms may inspect PM data, reconstruct state and resume program execution. Correct recovery of data requires that operations to the PM are properly ordered during normal program execution. Memory persistency models define the order in which memory operations are performed at the PM. Much like memory consistency models, memory persistency models may be relaxed to improve application performance. Several proposals have emerged recently to design memory persistency models for hardware and software systems and for high-level programming languages. These proposals differ in several key aspects; they relax PM ordering constraints, introduce varying programmability burden, and introduce differing granularity of failure atomicity for PM operations.This primer provides a detailed overview of the various classes of the memory persistency models, their implementations in hardware, programming languages and software systems proposed in the recent research literature, and the PM ordering techniques employed by modern processors.

Download or read book EDN written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microcontrollers written by D. S. Yadav and published by New Age International. This book was released on 2006 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book InfoWorld written by and published by . This book was released on 1989-11-27 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: InfoWorld is targeted to Senior IT professionals. Content is segmented into Channels and Topic Centers. InfoWorld also celebrates people, companies, and projects.

Download or read book Contemporary High Performance Computing written by Jeffrey S. Vetter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary High Performance Computing: From Petascale toward Exascale, Volume 3 focuses on the ecosystems surrounding the world’s leading centers for high performance computing (HPC). It covers many of the important factors involved in each ecosystem: computer architectures, software, applications, facilities, and sponsors. This third volume will be a continuation of the two previous volumes, and will include other HPC ecosystems using the same chapter outline: description of a flagship system, major application workloads, facilities, and sponsors. Features: Describes many prominent, international systems in HPC from 2015 through 2017 including each system’s hardware and software architecture Covers facilities for each system including power and cooling Presents application workloads for each site Discusses historic and projected trends in technology and applications Includes contributions from leading experts Designed for researchers and students in high performance computing, computational science, and related areas, this book provides a valuable guide to the state-of-the art research, trends, and resources in the world of HPC.

Download or read book Web and Big Data written by Wenjie Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Data Intensive Storage Services for Cloud Environments written by Kyriazis, Dimosthenis and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the evolution of digitized data, our society has become dependent on services to extract valuable information and enhance decision making by individuals, businesses, and government in all aspects of life. Therefore, emerging cloud-based infrastructures for storage have been widely thought of as the next generation solution for the reliance on data increases. Data Intensive Storage Services for Cloud Environments provides an overview of the current and potential approaches towards data storage services and its relationship to cloud environments. This reference source brings together research on storage technologies in cloud environments and various disciplines useful for both professionals and researchers.

Download or read book Chilton s I C S written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Indexing on Non Volatile Memory written by Kaisong Huang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-28 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on online transaction processing indexes designed for scalable, byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) and provides a systematic review and summary of the fundamental principles and techniques as well as an outlook on the future of this research area. In this book, the authors divide the development of NVM indexes into three “eras”— pre-Optane, Optane and post-Optane—based on when the first major scalable NVM device (Optane) became commercially available and when it was announced to be discontinued. The book will analyze the reasons for the slow adoption of NVM and give an outlook for indexing techniques in the post-Optane era. The book assumes only basic undergraduate-level understanding on indexing (e.g., B+-trees, hash tables) and database systems in general. It is otherwise self-contained with the necessary background information, including an introduction to NVM hardware and software/programming issues, a detailed description of different indexes in highly concurrent systems for non-experts and new researchers to get started in this area.

Download or read book Applied Computing and Information Technology written by Roger Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book presents scientific results of the 4th International Conference on Applied Computing and Information Technology (ACIT 2016) which was held on December 12–14, 2016 in Las Vegas, USA. The aim of this conference was to bring together researchers and scientists, businessmen and entrepreneurs, teachers, engineers, computer users, and students to discuss the numerous fields of computer science and to share their experiences and exchange new ideas and information in a meaningful way. The aim of this conference was also to bring out the research results about all aspects (theory, applications and tools) of computer and information science, and to discuss the practical challenges encountered along the way and the solutions adopted to solve them. The conference organizers selected the best papers from those papers accepted for presentation at the conference. The papers were chosen based on review scores submitted by members of the Program Committee, and underwent further rigorous rounds of review. This book captures 11 of the conference’s most promising papers, and the readers impatiently await the important contributions that they know these authors are going to bring to the field of computer and information science.

Download or read book Computerworld written by and published by . This book was released on 1982-03-08 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 40 years, Computerworld has been the leading source of technology news and information for IT influencers worldwide. Computerworld's award-winning Web site (Computerworld.com), twice-monthly publication, focused conference series and custom research form the hub of the world's largest global IT media network.

Download or read book Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructures Volume 1 written by Jerome P. Lynch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-26 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensors are used for civil infrastructure performance assessment and health monitoring, and have evolved significantly through developments in materials and methodologies. Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure Volume I provides an overview of sensor hardware and its use in data collection. The first chapters provide an introduction to sensing for structural performance assessment and health monitoring, and an overview of commonly used sensors and their data acquisition systems. Further chapters address different types of sensor including piezoelectric transducers, fiber optic sensors, acoustic emission sensors, and electromagnetic sensors, and the use of these sensors for assessing and monitoring civil infrastructures. Developments in technologies applied to civil infrastructure performance assessment are also discussed, including radar technology, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nanotechnology. Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure provides a standard reference for structural and civil engineers, electronics engineers, and academics with an interest in the field. Describes sensing hardware and data collection, covering a variety of sensors Examines fiber optic systems, acoustic emission, piezoelectric sensors, electromagnetic sensors, ultrasonic methods, and radar and millimeter wave technology Covers strain gauges, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), multifunctional materials and nanotechnology for sensing, and vision-based sensing and lasers