Download or read book Prospectives for Bio oil Upgrading Via Esterification Over Zeolite Catalysts written by Maria Milina and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Catalysts for Biomass Upgrading written by Mark Crocker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference to the use of innovative catalysts and processes to turn biomass into value-added chemicals Chemical Catalysts for Biomass Upgrading offers detailed descriptions of catalysts and catalytic processes employed in the synthesis of chemicals and fuels from the most abundant and important biomass types. The contributors?noted experts on the topic?focus on the application of catalysts to the pyrolysis of whole biomass and to the upgrading of bio-oils. The authors discuss catalytic approaches to the processing of biomass-derived oxygenates, as exemplified by sugars, via reactions such as reforming, hydrogenation, oxidation, and condensation reactions. Additionally, the book provides an overview of catalysts for lignin valorization via oxidative and reductive methods and considers the conversion of fats and oils to fuels and terminal olefins by means of esterification/transesterification, hydrodeoxygenation, and decarboxylation/decarbonylation processes. The authors also provide an overview of conversion processes based on terpenes and chitin, two emerging feedstocks with a rich chemistry, and summarize some of the emerging trends in the field. This important book: -Provides a comprehensive review of innovative catalysts, catalytic processes, and catalyst design -Offers a guide to one of the most promising ways to find useful alternatives for fossil fuel resources -Includes information on the most abundant and important types of biomass feedstocks -Examines fields such as catalytic cracking, pyrolysis, depolymerization, and many more Written for catalytic chemists, process engineers, environmental chemists, bioengineers, organic chemists, and polymer chemists, Chemical Catalysts for Biomass Upgrading presents deep insights on the most important aspects of biomass upgrading and their various types.
Download or read book Zeolites in Catalysis written by Jiří Čejka and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accessible references for researchers and industrialists in this exciting field, covering both developments and applications of catalysis.
Download or read book Thermochemical Processing of Biomass written by Robert C. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive examination of the large number of possible pathways for converting biomass into fuels and power through thermochemical processes Bringing together a widely scattered body of information into a single volume, this book provides complete coverage of the many ways that thermochemical processes are used to transform biomass into fuels, chemicals and power. Fully revised and updated, this new edition highlights the substantial progress and recent developments that have been made in this rapidly growing field since publication of the first edition and incorporates up-to-date information in each chapter. Thermochemical Processing of Biomass: Conversion into Fuels, Chemicals and Power, 2nd Edition incorporates two new chapters covering: condensed phased reactions of thermal deconstruction of biomass and life cycle analysis of thermochemical processing systems. It offers a new introductory chapter that provides a more comprehensive overview of thermochemical technologies. The book also features fresh perspectives from new authors covering such evolving areas as solvent liquefaction and hybrid processing. Other chapters cover combustion, gasification, fast pyrolysis, upgrading of syngas and bio-oil to liquid transportation fuels, and the economics of thermochemically producing fuels and power, and more. Features contributions by a distinguished group of European and American researchers offering a broad and unified description of thermochemical processing options for biomass Combines an overview of the current status of thermochemical biomass conversion as well as engineering aspects to appeal to the broadest audience Edited by one of Biofuels Digest’s "Top 100 People" in bioenergy for six consecutive years Thermochemical Processing of Biomass: Conversion into Fuels, Chemicals and Power, 2nd Edition will appeal to all academic researchers, process chemists, and engineers working in the field of biomass conversion to fuels and chemicals. It is also an excellent book for graduate and advanced undergraduate students studying biomass, biofuels, renewable resources, and energy and power generation.
Download or read book Green Chemistry for Sustainable Biofuel Production written by Veera Gnaneswar Gude and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable fuel research and process development requires interdisciplinary approaches involving chemists and physicists from both scientific and engineering backgrounds. Here is an important volume that emphasizes green chemistry and green engineering principles for sustainable process development from an interdisciplinary point of view. It creates an enriching knowledge base on green chemistry of biofuel production, sustainable process development, and green engineering principles for renewable fuel production. This book includes chapters contributed by both research scientists and research engineers with significant experience in biofuel chemistry and processes. The book offers an abundance of scientific experimental methods and analytical procedures and interpretation of the results that capture the state-of-the-art knowledge in this field. The wide range of topics make this book a valuable resource for academicians, researchers, industrial practitioners and scientists, and engineers in various renewable energy fields. Key features: • Emphasizes green chemistry and green engineering principles for sustainable process development for biofuel production • Discusses a wide array of biofuels from algal biomass to waste-to-energy technologies and wastewater treatment and activated sludge processes • Presents advances and developments in biofuel green chemistry and green engineering, including process intensification (microwaves/ultrasound), ionic liquids, and green catalysis • Looks at environmental assessment and economic impact of biofuel production
Download or read book Biodiesel Fuels written by Ozcan Konur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first volume of the Handbook of Biodiesel and Petrodiesel Fuels presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of biodiesel fuels in general. Part I provides an overview of the research field on both biodiesel and petrodiesel fuels highlighting primary and secondary research fronts in these fields. Part II presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of biooils covering major research fronts. The research on the biooils is a fundamental part of the research on the biodiesel fuels. The research in this field has intensified in recent years with the application of advanced catalytic technologies and nanotechnologies in both production and upgrading of biooils. It covers pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, and upgrading, and characterization and properties of biooils besides an overview of the research field. Part III presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of biodiesel fuels in general covering major research fronts. The research in this field has progressed in the lines of production, properties, and emissions of biodiesel fuels. As in the case of biooils, catalysts and additives play a crucial role for the biodiesel fuels. It covers biomass-based catalyst-assisted biodiesel production, enzymatic biodiesel production, additives in biodiesel production, properties, characterization, performance, and policies of biodiesel fuels besides an overview of the research field. Part IV presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of glycerol, biodiesel waste, covering major research fronts. The research in this field has intensified in recent years with the increasing volume of biodiesel fuels, creating eco-friendly solutions for these wastes of biodiesel fuels for producing valuable biofuels and biochemicals from glycerol. It covers biohydrogen and propanediol production from glycerol as a case study for bioenergy and biochemicals, respectively. This book will be useful to academics and professionals in the fields of Energy Fuels, Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Sciences, and Thermodynamics. Ozcan Konur is both a materials scientist and social scientist by training. He has published around 200 journal papers, book chapters, and conference papers. He has focused on the bioenergy and biofuels in recent years. In 2018, he edited Bioenergy and Biofuels, which brought together the work of over 30 experts in their respective field. He also edited the Handbook of Algal Science, Technology, and Medicine with a strong section on the algal biofuels in 2020.
Download or read book Biorefinery of Alternative Resources Targeting Green Fuels and Platform Chemicals written by Sonil Nanda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent advances in the processing of waste biomass resources to produce biofuels and biochemicals. Worldwide interest in clean energy sources, environmental protection, and mitigating global warming is rapidly gaining momentum and spurring on the search for alternative energy sources, especially for the transportation and industrial sectors. This book reviews the opportunities presented by low-cost organic waste materials, discussing their suitability for alternative fuel and fine chemical production, physicochemical characterization, conversion technologies, feedstock and fuel chemistry, refining technologies, fuel upgrading, residue management, and the circular economy. In addition, it explores applied aspects of biomass conversion by highlighting several significant thermochemical, hydrothermal and biological technologies. In summary, the book offers comprehensive and representative descriptions of key fuel processing technologies, energy conversion and management, waste valorization, eco-friendly waste remediation, biomass supply chain, lifecycle assessment, techno-economic analysis and the circular bioeconomy.
Download or read book Biorefinery written by Juan-Rodrigo Bastidas-Oyanedel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the biorefinery of biomass feedstocks. In-depth chapters highlight the scientific and technical aspects and present a techno-economic analysis of such systems. By using a TEA approach, the authors present feasible pathways for conversion of biomass (both residual biomass, energy crops and algae biomass), showing the different possibilities for the production of biochemical materials, biofuels, and fertilizers. The concepts presented in this book will link companies, investors, and governments by providing a framework that will help reduce pollutants and create a biomass related economy that incorporates the newest developments and technologies in the area.
Download or read book Innovations in Thermochemical Technologies for Biofuel Processing written by Sonil Nanda and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in Thermochemical Technologies for Biofuel Processing broadly covers current technologies in alternate fuels and chemical production, a few of which include biomass-to-liquid, biomass-to-gas and gas-to-liquid biomass conversion technologies. The topics in this book include elaborative discussions on biomass feedstocks, biomass-to-liquid technologies (liquefaction, pyrolysis and transesterification), biomass-to-gas technologies (gasification), gas-to-liquid technologies (syngas fermentation and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis), co-processing technologies, fuel upgrading technologies (hydrotreating and reforming), novel catalyst development for biorefining, biorefining process optimization, unit operations, reaction kinetics, artificial neural network, and much more. The book comprehensively discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of notable biofuels (e.g., bio-oil, biocrude oil, biodiesel, bioethanol, biobutanol, bio-jet fuels, biohydrogen, biomethane, synthesis gas, hydrocarbon fuels, etc.). - Addresses solutions for clean fuel, energy security, waste management, waste valorization, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, carbon capture and sequestration, circular economy and climate change mitigation - Includes applications of thermochemical conversion and reforming technologies for waste biomass to biofuels - Covers current technologies in alternate fuels and chemicals production, a few of which include conversion technologies (i.e., liquefaction, gasification, pyrolysis, torrefaction, transesterification, organic transformation, carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions, oxidation, and reforming processes, etc.), hydrotreating technologies (i.e., hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodearomatization and hydrodemetalization) and catalytic processes.
Download or read book Catalytic Co pyrolysis of Biomass and Waste Polymers Using Zeolite Catalysts for Upgrading Bio oils written by Andrew Colin Dyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ceramic Catalysts written by Manju Kurian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic Catalysts: Materials, Strategies and Applications focuses on synthesis techniques and applications of ceramic materials in heterogenous catalysis. In order to enable an affordable, sustainable, low-carbon economy, research activities have been intensified in this area over recent years. The rapid accumulation of results has been evaluated and summarized by recognized experts working in their respective fields in the form of separate and complementary chapters. The first part of the book is dedicated to synthesis and catalytic applications of different categories of ceramics that include both porous ceramics and ceramic composites. Catalytic applications of ceramics mainly involving waste-water treatment, combustion reactions, and fine chemical synthesis are also discussed. Use of ceramics as catalyst supports is also given importance in the book. The book is intended to act as a valuable reference resource for both researchers and postgraduate students with key emphasis on the following areas of research: Recent techniques for the synthesis of different ceramics; specific characteristics of each type of ceramics for catalytic applications; different types of catalyzed reactions based on inherent chemical characteristics and sustainable technologies based on ceramic catalysts.The book will be an essential reference resource for industrial and academic researchers, materials scientists, chemists, and environmental scientists. - Provides an extensive overview of ceramic materials involved in catalysis - Presents the current state of art as tremendous progress has been achieved over recent years - Contributors are at the forefront of research - Provides an evaluation and comparison of the different types of ceramic materials available, including structure, properties and performance
Download or read book Catalytic and Noncatalytic Upgrading of Oils written by Ajay K. Dalai and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is about Catalytic and Noncatalytic Upgrading of Oils"--
Download or read book Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability written by K. K. Pant and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is part of a two-volume work that offers a unique blend of information on realistic evaluations of catalyst-based synthesis processes using green chemistry principles and the environmental sustainability applications of such processes for biomass conversion, refining, and petrochemical production. The volumes provide a comprehensive resource of state-of-the-art technologies and green chemistry methodologies from researchers, academics, and chemical and manufacturing industrial scientists. The work will be of interest to professors, researchers, and practitioners in clean energy catalysis, green chemistry, chemical engineering and manufacturing, and environmental sustainability. This volume focuses on the potentials, recent advances, and future prospects of catalysis for biomass conversion and value-added chemicals production via green catalytic routes. Readers are presented with a mechanistic framework assessing the development of product selective catalytic processes for biomass and biomass-derived feedstock conversion. The book offers a unique combination of contributions from experts working on both lab-scale and industrial catalytic processes and provides insight into the use of various catalytic materials (e.g., mineral acids, heteropolyacid, metal catalysts, zeolites, metal oxides) for clean energy production and environmental sustainability.
Download or read book Zeolites in Catalysis written by Jiří Čejka and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the breadth of zeolite chemistry and catalysis, this book provides the reader with a complete introduction to field, covering synthesis, structure, characterisation and applications. Beginning with the history of natural and synthetic zeolites, the reader will learn how zeolite structures are formed, synthetic routes, and experimental and theoretical structure determination techniques. Their industrial applications are covered in-depth, from their use in the petrochemical industry, through to fine chemicals and more specialised clinical applications. Novel zeolite materials are covered, including hierarchical zeolites and two-dimensional zeolites, showcasing modern developments in the field. This book is ideal for newcomers who need to get up to speed with zeolite chemistry, and also experienced researchers who will find this a modern, up-to-date guide.
Download or read book Catalytic Upgrading of Bio oil Using 1 octene and 1 butanol Over Sulfonic Acid Resin Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raw bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of biomass must be refined before it can be used as a transporation fuel, a petroleum refinery feed or for many other fuel uses. Raw bio-oil was upgraded with the neat model olefin, 1-octene, and with 1-octene/1-butanol mixtures over sulfonic acid resin catalysts frin 80 to 150 degrees celisus in order to simultaneously lower water content and acidity and to increase hydrophobicity and heating value. Phase separation and coke formation were key factors limiting the reaction rate during upgrading with neat 1-octene although octanols were formed by 1-octene hydration along with small amounts of octyl acetates and ethers. GC-MS analysis confirmed that olefin hydration, carboxylic acid esterification, acetal formation from aldehydes and ketones and O- and C-alkylations of phenolic compounds occurred simultaneously during upgrading with 1-octene/1-butanol mixtures. Addition of 1-butanol increased olefin conversion dramatically be reducing mass transfer restraints and serving as a cosolvent or emulsifying agent. It also reacted with carboxylic acids and aldehydes/ketones to form esters, and acetals, respectively, while also serving to stabilize bio-oil during heating. 1-Butanol addition also protected the catalysts, increasing catalyst lifetime and reducing or eliminationg coking. Upgrading sharply increased ester content and decreased the amounts of levoglucosan, polyhydric alcohols and organic acids. Upgrading lowered acidity (pH value rise from 2.5 to>3.0), removed the uppleasant ordor and increased hydrocarbon solubility. Water content decreased from 37.2% to
Download or read book Characterization and Stability of Bio oils Upgraded by Esterification and Olefination written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raw bio-oil is produced by fast pyrolysis of biomass. The high level of oxygen content in bio-oil causes negative properties of polymerization over time, high acidity, pungent odor and low heating value relative to petroleum fuels. The objective of this study was to develop and identify upgrading processes to produce a boiler fuel with reduced acid value, reduced polymerization over time and increased higher heating value. By one upgrading method, raw bio-oil was upgraded by esterification over acid catalyst by batch reaction; a second approach was an in-reactor reaction, produced by injecting methanol or 1-butanol with acid catalyst into the pyrolysis vapor stream. An olefination reaction method combined with an alcoholation reaction was also studied. The resulting fuel produced from in-reactor esterification fuel was compared in terms of physical and chemical properties with esterifed bio-oil produced by the batch method. The olefination reaction was examined in terms of higher heating value, acid value, viscosity, and water content. The influence of reaction conditions such as reaction time, reaction temperature, and catalyst content relative to upgraded bio-oil properties were examined, and optimal conditions were identified. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and empirical analysis was utilized to analyze the difference in physical and chemical properties between treatment groups.
Download or read book Catalytic Hydro cracking of Bio oil to Bio fuel written by Amir Ahmad Forghani and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last hundred years, the fossil fuels consumption is increasing dramatically and this lead to a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, the depletion of natural reserves of fossil fuels and increase the fuel production cost. Consequently, renewable and sustainable fuel sources such as bio-oil are receiving increased attention. In bio-based oil such as micro-algae oil, triglycerides and fatty acids are sustainable resources with high energy densities that can be converted into liquid hydrocarbon fuels, efficiently. One of the efficient ways for bio-oil conversion to applicable fuels is hydro-cracking. Hydro-cracking with acidic catalysts is a single step and energy efficient process for bio-oil upgrading towards bio-fuels. Zeolitic structures such as ZSM-5 and beta-zeolite are prevalent acidic catalysts in hydro-treating processes due to their strong acidity, their crystalline porous structure and their high hydrothermal stability. The aim of this research is checking the feasibility of hydro-cracking synthesis towards the light (LC) and middle (MC) range of hydrocarbons over the zeolite based catalysts. Two different types of zeolite catalysts, ZSM-5 and beta-zeolite, were chosen and they were impregnated with Ni (NO3)2.6H2O and calcined at 500 °C. The prepared catalysts were tested with oleic acid which is the main component of plant-derived oil. The catalysts were injected in a lab-scale trickle bed reactor in certain operating conditions. The oleic acid conversion over beta-zeolite was greater than ZSM-5 due to higher pore size distribution and acidity of beta-zeolite compared with ZSM-5. Also the reaction rate constant and Arrhenius equations for beta-zeolite and ZSM-5 were identified. The second step of this research is investigating the hydro-cracking performance with performing a mathematical modelling. The model predictions showed reasonable correlation with experimental data and conversion rates. The total conversion for the hydrocracking reactor model was 82.54 % for 4 major classes of hydrocarbons (light [LC], middle [MC], heavy [HC] and oligomerised [OC]). In addition, the concentration distribution and temperature profile along the reactor were investigated. At the end, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis was performed to analyse the hydro-cracking reactor performance.
