Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Ambush at XT 686576 written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 17 October 1967, two companies of the 2d Battalion, 28th Infantry, were searching an area in the vicinity of the Long Nguyen Secret Base Area, a heavily jungled sector southeast of the Michelin Rubber Plantation in Binh Duong Province. The 1st Infantry had very reliable information that the 271st Main Force Regiment, 9th VC Division, was in the area. The 271st had been engaged by American forces in Operations EL PASO, ATTLEBORO, and JUNCTION CITY, It had a reputation for being especially adept at conducting double play ambushes, against an exposed force and against the reaction force sent out to assist. At 1015 hours on the morning of the 17th, the 271st, from preplanned and exceptionally well camouflaged jungle positions, savagely attacked searching columns of A and D Companies, 2d Battalion/28th at coordinates XT 686576. The attack, which lasted about two hours, resulted in 57 Americans killed, 63 wounded, and two missing. This classical enemy ambush emphasized one of the most difficult problems facing the U.S. in its war against the Viet Cong, How do you bring superior firepower to support friendlies in jungle areas which are suddenly hit from enemy positions only a few meters away?

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Joint Personnel Recovery in Southeast Asia written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than a decade of direct American military action in Indochina without a significant pause. for an exchange of prisoners or search for those missing in action ended in January 1973 with the repatriation of American prisoners of war held by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) and the Provisional Revolutionary Government (PRG) of South Vietnam (Viet Cong). In the wake of Operation Homecoming, however, 2,409 Americans, including 21 civilians remained unaccounted for. The total was divided almost equally between those listed as missing in action (MIA) and those labeled presumed dead but body not recovered (BNR). The number included 977 Air Force (MIA = 690, BNR = 287), 706 Army (MIA = 347, BNR = 359), 409 Navy (MIA = 132, BNR = 277), and 296 Marine (MIA = 105, BNR = 191) personnel, and 21 US civilians (MIA = 13, BNR = 8). Seventy-eight percent of all MIA/BNR incidents were connected with crash sites. The large Air Force total suggested a major difficulty in any proposed casualty resolution (CR) operations: the need to locate and examine crash sites scattered over remote sections of Indochina. Most BNR status Army, Navy, and Marine personnel were also connected with aircraft crashes.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Short Rounds written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "short round," of artillery inception, described a shell which fell short of its target. In Air Force employment, this term is somewhat altered: "A short round incident is defined as the air delivery of ordnance which results in injury or death to friendly military forces or noncombatants." This CHECO report depicts those short rounds delivered by fixed-wing aircraft, specifically those under the operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This report encompasses "short round" incidents reported from January through December 1971. It emphasizes a narrative of each incident with the factors leading up to the incident, the investigating officer's conclusions and recommendations, and the efforts made by commanders to minimize the recurrence of the accidental release of air-delivered ordnance on friendly military forces or noncombatants. A review of the authenticated "short rounds" in CHECO reports of previous years revealed that these incidents basically followed a general pattern of primary and contributing causes: pilot error, poor weather conditions, troop location unknown, weapon system malfunction, wrong target hit due to ground personnel error, poor communications, change in the ground situation, and inaccurate target marking. However, it was also noted that in a troops-in-contact situation the chance of a short round must be weighed against the possibility of heavy losses if close air support is not provided.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Short Rounds and Related Incidents 1 Jun 69 to 31 Dec 70 written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U.S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report USAF Support of Special Forces in SEA written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first Air Commando units arrived in Vietnam in November 1961, and since then the USAF has become an integral component in supplying Special Forces Camps with tactical airpower, airland/airdrop replenishment of supplies and instant guidance, as well as short reaction airpower to ground reconnaissance teams. In its special Seventh Air Force/5th Special Forces (SF) partnership, three primary roles of the U.S. Air Force are recounted. First, when vulnerable Special Forces Camps came under attack, it was USAF firepower that provided the heavy counterblows in their defense. More than one camp owes its continued existence to the quick and devastating reaction of the USAF. Second, Special Forces Camps have been almost entirely dependent upon airlift for their logistical support and this, too, has been a vital mission of the Air Force. Finally, in 1965, the U.S. Air Force began an association with Special Forces ground reconnaissance teams; it has produced some of the most efficient and effective ground missions of the war. The expanding role of Air Force Forward Air Controllers in Special Forces operations--an expansion strongly urged by SF commanders throughout the Republic of Vietnam--is addressed in Chapter V.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Air Response to the Tet Offensive 30 January 29 February 1968 written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report traces the 1968 Communist Tet Offensive in Vietnam. Significant events which had an impact on airpower, and the application and responsiveness of air, are examined during this period of extremely heightened military activity. Air response ranged across the entire spectrum of air capability, from tactical airstrikes to the ground defense of air installations. Close support of ground troops in cities, air base defense, VNAF performance, emergency airlift, and civic responsiveness are all examined in this report.

Download or read book Operation Attleboro Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U. S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report USAF Tactical Reconnaissance in Southeast Asia July 69 June 71 written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with a single C-47 Gooneybird in 1961, the USAF reconnaissance effort in Southeast Asia (SEA) has steadily expanded to keep pace with the increasing U.S. military role in the conflict. While the two previous CHECO reports on this subject examined USAF SEA tactical air reconnaissance from 1961 through June 1969, this report describes new equipment, technology, tactics, the relocation and deactivation of principal units, and the modernization of the VNAF aerial reconnaissance program. Although this report deals only with USAF efforts, the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, and U.S. Marine forces have been important elements of tactical reconnaissance in SEA.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Interdiction in Route Package One 1968 written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the April 1968 bombing halt above 190 North latitude in North Vietnam, the Air Force Southwest Monsoon Campaign for 1968 shifted to Route Package I. For the first time, a reasonably large strike force could be dedicated to the lower North Vietnamese panhandle. The key idea during this campaign was round-the-clock bombing of a few, strategic, highly vulnerable choke points, and seeding of water crossings with magnetic mines. A significant reduction in truck traffic resulted.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Operation HICKORY written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scenario of Operation HICKORY called for a multipronged assault into the DMZ, with forces of the 3rd Marine Division and Vietnamese Army (ARVN) units striking north into the heart of the lowland area, and a Marine landing force sweeping in from the eastern coast. Air support for the Marine units, including the landing force (SLF Alpha), was to be provided by the Marine tactical air arm, while close support for ARVN forces was to be provided by the 7AF TACS. On the day prior to the operation, the TACS was to provide USAF aircraft for preparatory strikes immediately north of the DMZ, with the Marines conducting air strikes inside the zone. The TACS was to provide continuous suppression strikes north of the attacking forces throughout the course of the operation. Obviously, in a multi-force operation of this nature, joint planning and close coordination were key tactical prerequisities. In the early phases of Operation HICKORY, however, several situations arose which indicated an inadequacy in-joint planning. Breakdowns in the system of-coordination on air requirements, on at least two occasions, jeopardized friendly forces. Had airpower been applied under a system of centralized control, it is likely these breakdowns could have-been avoided.

Download or read book Joint Personnel Recovery in Southeast Asia U written by Edward Brynn and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of an organization and the conduct of operations designed to determine the status of American military and civilian personnel who were missing in action, or otherwise lost, who died in combat or in captivity is the subject of this paper.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Airmunitions in SEAsia written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Airmunitions in SEA' discusses the supply of air-delivered munitions to USAF units in Southeast Asia (SEA). Tracing the development of the supply system from 1965 to late 1969, it includes the problems which arose and actions taken to alleviate them. It addresses the storage, handling, and loading of airmunitions in RVN. Also included are selected problem areas confronting air- munitions personnel--quality control, manning, handling equipment, explosive safety--and the continuing effort to correct deficiencies.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Operation Birmingham written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question that has been raised in this report on "Operation Birmingham" is not new. The honest differences of opinion that exist on the part of the ground commander and the air commander at the Tactical Air Control Center (TACC), concerning how much pre-planned air support should be provided, have occurred in past exercises and campaigns. In this operation, stated requirements exceeded the pre-planned sorties provided, except during the last several days of the operation. If Battle Damage Assessment (BDA) is to be used as a yardstick for effectiveness, the amount of the tactical air support provided was not justified by the tangible results. If, however, the fact that the 1st Infantry Division was able to move at will through the heart of a Viet Cong-controlled area with relatively few casualties is considered, the close air support provided may have been the deciding factor, regardless of BDA. Joint doctrine requires that the Senior Ground Force Commander establish requirements by priority for tactical air support within stated air capabilities. In the event of disagreement between the ground commander and the air commander, the joint commander should resolve the allocation of tactical air resources. Because of the existing command structure in South Vietnam, the Air Force Component Commander must make the required decisions on the relative priorities for allocation of air support, except when specific direction is received from COMUSMACV. He must balance requests for pre-planned air support against requirements for other in-country operations of equal or greater importance. From the study, it is clear that additional pre-planned sorties could, and would, have been provided if the initial Viet Cong resistance had been greater. The allocation of pre-planned sorties, although less than requested, appear correct in terms of the overall results of the operation.

Download or read book Ambush at XT 686576 written by Kenneth Sams and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report LINEBACKER Overview of the First 120 Days written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inevitably, comparisons will be drawn--and have been drawn--between Rolling Thunder, the bombing and interdiction campaign over North Vietnam between 1965 and 1968, and Linebacker, the campaign launched over the North on 9 May 1972. This study addresses the similarities and differences between the two campaigns, the concepts and rationale behind each, and the degree of success-of-aims achieved in the two overall plans. Ample documentation of Rolling Thunder exists in previous histories, operational reports, and Project CHECO Reports, as well as other sources, and these are drawn upon in this volume. Classified and unclassified statements by high-level officials of both periods are cited in an attempt to achieve the best possible perspective. This report documents the chronology of events, including the introduction of new tactics and technologies, their effect on the prosecution of the Linebacker campaign, and the concomitant reshaping of political constraints. It addresses the change in political climate, the significance of the GCI-ECM-MIG-SAM envelope, and briefly, the effect of Linebacker upon the North Vietnamese invasion of the South. The differing politico-military considerations and the changes in the Rules of Engagement are also mentioned because they contributed sharply to the differences of effectiveness of Linebacker and Rolling Thunder. Weather cannot be ignored, because it influenced large differences in tactics and weaponry. This study, however, cannot be construed as the final, in-depth analysis of any Rolling Thunder-Linebacker comparison, since it must concern itself primarily with the actions taken and immediate effects of the first four months of the latter campaign.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Operation Hawthorne written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following Special Report, Operation HAWTHORNE, describes a significant air-ground operation in the Vietnam conflict. The results of this action demonstrate the effectiveness of tactical air power in providing immediate air sorties on an unplanned basis when an emergency arises. The report also provides a significant evaluation of the effectiveness of a B-52 mission as reflected in interviews, official correspondence, and reports.

Download or read book Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report Short Rounds June 1968 May 1969 written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the parlance of artillerymen, a "Short Round" is a shell that falls short of the enemy and inflicts casualties on friendly troops. The expression is so starkly descriptive and brief that it has come to be used as a convenient label for most incidents wherein friendly ordnance causes friendly casualties. This report is concerned with air-delivered Short Rounds--specifically, those involving the fixed-wing aircraft under operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This third CHECO report On "Short Rounds" covers occurrences from June 1968 through May 1969. It emphasizes rates and trends, interesting corollaries, lessons learned, and recent attempts to eliminate Short Rounds. This study also examines several Short Round incidents to illustrate some of the problems encountered by ground commanders, forward air controllers (FACs), and strike aircraft commanders in their joint efforts to conduct close air support. Ground and air commanders at all levels are deeply concerned about the tragic results of Short Round incidents, and Strenuous efforts have been made to reduce the probability of such occurrences. To have achieved absolute immunity from Short Rounds, the ground forces would have had to sacrifice the benefits of air support whenever they were closely engaged with the enemy. These were hard choices to make, but nearly all of the situations dictated accepting the risk of Short Rounds to diminish the certain lethality of hostile fire.