Download or read book Program Reliability Through Algorithmic Design and Analysis written by Roopsha Samanta and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Software systems are ubiquitous in today's world and yet, remain vulnerable to the fallibility of human programmers as well as the unpredictability of their operating environments. The overarching goal of this dissertation is to develop algorithms to enable automated and efficient design and analysis of reliable programs. In the first and second parts of this dissertation, we focus on the development of programs that are free from programming errors. The intent is not to eliminate the human programmer, but instead to complement his or her expertise, with sound and efficient computational techniques, when possible. To this end, we make contributions in two specific domains. Program debugging --- the process of fault localization and error elimination from a program found to be incorrect --- typically relies on expert human intuition and experience, and is often a lengthy, expensive part of the program development cycle. In the first part of the dissertation, we target automated debugging of sequential programs. A broad and informal statement of the (automated) program debugging problem is to suitably modify an erroneous program, say P, to obtain a correct program, say P'. This problem is undecidable in general; it is hard to formalize; moreover, it is particularly challenging to assimilate and mechanize the customized, expert programmer intuition involved in the choices made in manual program debugging. Our first contribution in this domain is a methodical formalization of the program debugging problem, that enables automation, while incorporating expert programmer intuition and intent. Our second contribution is a solution framework that can debug infinite-state, imperative, sequential programs written in higher-level programming languages such as C. Boolean programs, which are smaller, finite-state abstractions of infinite-state or large, finite-state programs, have been found to be tractable for program verification. In this dissertation, we utilize Boolean programs for program debugging. Our solution framework involves two main steps: (a) automated debugging of a Boolean program, corresponding to an erroneous program P, and (b) translation of the corrected Boolean program into a correct program P'. Shared-memory concurrent programs are notoriously difficult to write, verify and debug; this makes them excellent targets for automated program completion, in particular, for synthesis of synchronization code. Extant work in this domain has focused on either propositional temporal logic specifications with simplistic models of concurrent programs, or more refined program models with the specifications limited to just safety properties. Moreover, there has been limited effort in developing adaptable and fully-automatic synthesis frameworks that are capable of generating synchronization at different levels of abstraction and granularity. In the second part of this dissertation, we present a framework for synthesis of synchronization for shared-memory concurrent programs with respect to temporal logic specifications. In particular, given a concurrent program composed of synchronization-free processes, and a temporal logic specification describing their expected concurrent behaviour, we generate synchronized processes such that the resulting concurrent program satisfies the specification. We provide the ability to synthesize readily-implementable synchronization code based on lower-level primitives such as locks and condition variables. We enable synchronization synthesis of finite-state concurrent programs composed of processes that may have local and shared variables, may be straight-line or branching programs, may be ongoing or terminating, and may have program-initialized or user-initialized variables. We also facilitate expression of safety and liveness properties over both control and data variables by proposing an extension of propositional computation tree logic. Most program analyses, verification, debugging and synthesis methodologies target traditional correctness properties such as safety and liveness. These techniques typically do not provide a quantitative measure of the sensitivity of a computational system's behaviour to unpredictability in the operating environment. We propose that the core property of interest in reasoning in the presence of such uncertainty is robustness --- small perturbations to the operating environment do not change the system's observable behavior substantially. In well-established areas such as control theory, robustness has always been a fundamental concern; however, the techniques and results therein are not directly applicable to computational systems with large amounts of discretized, discontinuous behavior. Hence, robustness analysis of software programs used in heterogeneous settings necessitates development of new theoretical frameworks and algorithms. In the third part of this dissertation, we target robustness analysis of two important classes of discrete systems --- string transducers and networked systems of Mealy machines. For each system, we formally define robustness of the system with respect to a specific source of uncertainty. In particular, we analyze the behaviour of transducers in the presence of input perturbations, and the behaviour of networked systems in the presence of channel perturbations. Our overall approach is automata-theoretic, and necessitates the use of specialized distance-tracking automata for tracking various distance metrics between two strings. We present constructions for such automata and use them to develop decision procedures based on reducing the problem of robustness verification of our systems to the problem of checking the emptiness of certain automata. Thus, the system under consideration is robust if and only if the languages of particular automata are empty.
Download or read book Analysis and Design of Algorithms written by Amrinder Arora and published by . This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and Design of Algorithms provides a structured view of algorithm design techniques in a concise, easy-to-read manner. The book was written with an express purpose of being easy - to understand, read, and carry. It presents a pioneering approach in the teaching of algorithms, based on learning algorithm design techniques, and not merely solving a collection of problems. This allows students to master one design technique at a time and apply it to a rich variety of problems. Analysis and Design of Algorithms covers the algorithmic design techniques of divide and conquer, greedy, dynamic programming, branch and bound, and graph traversal. For each of these techniques, there are templates and guidelines on when to use and not to use each technique. Many sections contain innovative mnemonics to aid the readers in remembering the templates and key takeaways. Additionally, the book covers NP-completeness and the inherent hardness of problems. The third edition includes a new section on polynomial multiplication, as well as additional exercise problems, and an updated appendix. Written with input from students and professionals, Analysis and Design of Algorithms is well suited for introductory algorithm courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The structured organization of the text makes it especially appropriate for online and distance learning.
Download or read book Algorithms written by Jeff Erickson and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algorithms are the lifeblood of computer science. They are the machines that proofs build and the music that programs play. Their history is as old as mathematics itself. This textbook is a wide-ranging, idiosyncratic treatise on the design and analysis of algorithms, covering several fundamental techniques, with an emphasis on intuition and the problem-solving process. The book includes important classical examples, hundreds of battle-tested exercises, far too many historical digressions, and exaclty four typos. Jeff Erickson is a computer science professor at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; this book is based on algorithms classes he has taught there since 1998.
Download or read book Data Structures and Network Algorithms written by Robert Endre Tarjan and published by SIAM. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an explosive growth in the field of combinatorial algorithms. These algorithms depend not only on results in combinatorics and especially in graph theory, but also on the development of new data structures and new techniques for analyzing algorithms. Four classical problems in network optimization are covered in detail, including a development of the data structures they use and an analysis of their running time. Data Structures and Network Algorithms attempts to provide the reader with both a practical understanding of the algorithms, described to facilitate their easy implementation, and an appreciation of the depth and beauty of the field of graph algorithms.
Download or read book Algorithm Design written by Michael T. Goodrich and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Goodrich and Roberto Tamassia, authors of the successful, Data Structures and Algorithms in Java, 2/e, have written Algorithm Engineering, a text designed to provide a comprehensive introduction to the design, implementation and analysis of computer algorithms and data structures from a modern perspective. This book offers theoretical analysis techniques as well as algorithmic design patterns and experimental methods for the engineering of algorithms. Market: Computer Scientists; Programmers.
Download or read book The Algorithm Design Manual written by Steven S Skiena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-05 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly expanded and updated second edition of the best-selling classic continues to take the "mystery" out of designing algorithms, and analyzing their efficacy and efficiency. Expanding on the first edition, the book now serves as the primary textbook of choice for algorithm design courses while maintaining its status as the premier practical reference guide to algorithms for programmers, researchers, and students. The reader-friendly Algorithm Design Manual provides straightforward access to combinatorial algorithms technology, stressing design over analysis. The first part, Techniques, provides accessible instruction on methods for designing and analyzing computer algorithms. The second part, Resources, is intended for browsing and reference, and comprises the catalog of algorithmic resources, implementations and an extensive bibliography. NEW to the second edition: • Doubles the tutorial material and exercises over the first edition • Provides full online support for lecturers, and a completely updated and improved website component with lecture slides, audio and video • Contains a unique catalog identifying the 75 algorithmic problems that arise most often in practice, leading the reader down the right path to solve them • Includes several NEW "war stories" relating experiences from real-world applications • Provides up-to-date links leading to the very best algorithm implementations available in C, C++, and Java
Download or read book The Design and Analysis of Algorithms written by Dexter C. Kozen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are my lecture notes from CS681: Design and Analysis of Algo rithms, a one-semester graduate course I taught at Cornell for three consec utive fall semesters from '88 to '90. The course serves a dual purpose: to cover core material in algorithms for graduate students in computer science preparing for their PhD qualifying exams, and to introduce theory students to some advanced topics in the design and analysis of algorithms. The material is thus a mixture of core and advanced topics. At first I meant these notes to supplement and not supplant a textbook, but over the three years they gradually took on a life of their own. In addition to the notes, I depended heavily on the texts • A. V. Aho, J. E. Hopcroft, and J. D. Ullman, The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, 1975. • M. R. Garey and D. S. Johnson, Computers and Intractibility: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness. w. H. Freeman, 1979. • R. E. Tarjan, Data Structures and Network Algorithms. SIAM Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics 44, 1983. and still recommend them as excellent references.
Download or read book Design and Analysis of Algorithms written by Sandeep Sen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on the interplay between algorithm design and the underlying computational models.
Download or read book An Introduction to the Analysis of Algorithms written by Michael Soltys and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A successor to the first edition, this updated and revised book is a great companion guide for students and engineers alike, specifically software engineers who design reliable code. While succinct, this edition is mathematically rigorous, covering the foundations of both computer scientists and mathematicians with interest in algorithms. Besides covering the traditional algorithms of Computer Science such as Greedy, Dynamic Programming and Divide & Conquer, this edition goes further by exploring two classes of algorithms that are often overlooked: Randomised and Online algorithms with emphasis placed on the algorithm itself. The coverage of both fields are timely as the ubiquity of Randomised algorithms are expressed through the emergence of cryptography while Online algorithms are essential in numerous fields as diverse as operating systems and stock market predictions. While being relatively short to ensure the essentiality of content, a strong focus has been placed on self-containment, introducing the idea of pre/post-conditions and loop invariants to readers of all backgrounds. Containing programming exercises in Python, solutions will also be placed on the book's website.
Download or read book A Guide to Algorithm Design written by Anne Benoit and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-08-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a complementary perspective to standard books on algorithms, A Guide to Algorithm Design: Paradigms, Methods, and Complexity Analysis provides a roadmap for readers to determine the difficulty of an algorithmic problem by finding an optimal solution or proving complexity results. It gives a practical treatment of algorithmic complexity and guides readers in solving algorithmic problems. Divided into three parts, the book offers a comprehensive set of problems with solutions as well as in-depth case studies that demonstrate how to assess the complexity of a new problem. Part I helps readers understand the main design principles and design efficient algorithms. Part II covers polynomial reductions from NP-complete problems and approaches that go beyond NP-completeness. Part III supplies readers with tools and techniques to evaluate problem complexity, including how to determine which instances are polynomial and which are NP-hard. Drawing on the authors’ classroom-tested material, this text takes readers step by step through the concepts and methods for analyzing algorithmic complexity. Through many problems and detailed examples, readers can investigate polynomial-time algorithms and NP-completeness and beyond.
Download or read book Design and Analysis of Algorithms written by V. V. Muniswamy and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2013-12-30 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed for the way we learn and intended for one-semester course in Design and Analysis of Algorithms . This is a very useful guide for graduate and undergraduate students and teachers of computer science. This book provides a coherent and pedagogically sound framework for learning and teaching. Its breadth of coverage insures that algorithms are carefully and comprehensively discussed with figures and tracing of algorithms. Carefully developing topics with sufficient detail, this text enables students to learn about concepts on their own, offering instructors flexibility and allowing them to use the text as lecture reinforcement.Key Features:" Focuses on simple explanations of techniques that can be applied to real-world problems." Presents algorithms with self-explanatory pseudocode." Covers a broad range of algorithms in depth, yet makes their design and analysis accessible to all levels of readers." Includes chapter summary, self-test quiz and exercises at the end of each chapter. Key to quizzes and solutions to exercises are given in appendices.
Download or read book An Elementary Approach To Design And Analysis Of Algorithms written by Lekh Rej Vermani and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-05-29 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The book under review is an interesting elaboration that fills the gaps in libraries for concisely written and student-friendly books about essentials in computer science … I recommend this book for anyone who would like to study algorithms, learn a lot about computer science or simply would like to deepen their knowledge … The book is written in very simple English and can be understood even by those with limited knowledge of the English language. It should be emphasized that, despite the fact that the book consists of many examples, mathematical formulas and theorems, it is very hard to find any mistakes, errors or typos.'zbMATHIn computer science, an algorithm is an unambiguous specification of how to solve a class of problems. Algorithms can perform calculation, data processing and automated reasoning tasks.As an effective method, an algorithm can be expressed within a finite amount of space and time and in a well-defined formal language for calculating a function. Starting from an initial state and initial input (perhaps empty), the instructions describe a computation that, when executed, proceeds through a finite number of well-defined successive states, eventually producing 'output' and terminating at a final ending state. The transition from one state to the next is not necessarily deterministic; some algorithms, known as randomized algorithms, incorporate random input.This book introduces a set of concepts in solving problems computationally such as Growth of Functions; Backtracking; Divide and Conquer; Greedy Algorithms; Dynamic Programming; Elementary Graph Algorithms; Minimal Spanning Tree; Single-Source Shortest Paths; All Pairs Shortest Paths; Flow Networks; Polynomial Multiplication, to ways of solving NP-Complete Problems, supported with comprehensive, and detailed problems and solutions, making it an ideal resource to those studying computer science, computer engineering and information technology.
Download or read book Computer Algorithms written by Sara Baase and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2000 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the undergraduate particularly in mind, this third edition features new material on: algorithims for Java, recursion, how to prove algorithms are correct, recurrence equations, computing with DNA, and dynamic sets.
Download or read book Design and Analysis of Algorithms written by Parag H. Dave and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "All aspects pertaining to algorithm design and algorithm analysis have been discussed over the chapters in this book-- Design and Analysis of Algorithms"--Resource description page.
Download or read book Introduction To Design And Analysis Of Algorithms 2 E written by Anany Levitin and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2008-09 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Programmer s Companion to Algorithm Analysis written by Ernst L. Leiss and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-09-26 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until now, no other book examined the gap between the theory of algorithms and the production of software programs. Focusing on practical issues, A Programmer's Companion to Algorithm Analysis carefully details the transition from the design and analysis of an algorithm to the resulting software program. Consisting of two main complementary
Download or read book Experimental Methods for the Analysis of Optimization Algorithms written by Thomas Bartz-Beielstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-02 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In operations research and computer science it is common practice to evaluate the performance of optimization algorithms on the basis of computational results, and the experimental approach should follow accepted principles that guarantee the reliability and reproducibility of results. However, computational experiments differ from those in other sciences, and the last decade has seen considerable methodological research devoted to understanding the particular features of such experiments and assessing the related statistical methods. This book consists of methodological contributions on different scenarios of experimental analysis. The first part overviews the main issues in the experimental analysis of algorithms, and discusses the experimental cycle of algorithm development; the second part treats the characterization by means of statistical distributions of algorithm performance in terms of solution quality, runtime and other measures; and the third part collects advanced methods from experimental design for configuring and tuning algorithms on a specific class of instances with the goal of using the least amount of experimentation. The contributor list includes leading scientists in algorithm design, statistical design, optimization and heuristics, and most chapters provide theoretical background and are enriched with case studies. This book is written for researchers and practitioners in operations research and computer science who wish to improve the experimental assessment of optimization algorithms and, consequently, their design.
