Download or read book Vegetation Management for Reforestation CA OR NV written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement Pacific Southwest Region Vegetation Management for Reforestation Appendixes A through H written by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Southwest Region and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Competing Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Plantations written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planted ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) seedlings in young plantations in California are at a disadvantage compared with competing shrubs, forbs, and grasses. In many instances, roots of competing plants begin expanding and exploiting the soil earlier and in greater numbers, thereby capturing the majority of available resources and lowering pine survival and growth. Competition thresholds or "how much is too much?" are: for treatments where a cleared radius is prescribed, no weeds are acceptable within the space needed for maximum growth of pine seedlings during the establishment period; for treatments involving the entire area, crown cover values of 10 to 30 percent seem to be the level beyond which shrub competition significantly affects pine growth. Methods for preparing the site, which include mechanical and chemical methods, use of fire, and combinations of treatments, show the interaction of site and ensuing vegetation. Techniques for controlling competing vegetation from seed include preventing such plants from getting started by use of preemergent herbicides or mats (collars). To prevent sprouting, hardwood trees and large shrubs can be pushed over, thereby getting the root crown out of the ground, or if still in the soil, grinding it out with a machine. Once present, the effect of weeds from seed can be minimized by grubbing or spraying when young, by grazing plants with cattle or sheep, or by introducing plants of low competitive ability. Once sprouting weeds are present, their effect can be minimized by spraying with chemicals, or if palatable, by grazing with cattle or sheep. Costs range from as low as $10 per acre ($25/ha) for aerially applying herbicides to $711 per acre ($1757/ha) for grinding out tanoak stumps.
Download or read book Proceedings Annual Forest Management Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Western Dwarf Mistletoe in Ponderosa and Jeffrey Pines in Forest Recreation Areas written by Robert F. Scharpf and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ponderosa Pine Seedlings and Competing Vegetation written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foresters often need information on the cost effectiveness of manual and chemical release treatments for individual and combined species in young mixed-shrub communities. A study in northern Califomia evaluated five manual and chemical treatments and their effect on several shrubs and grasses. Treatments were grubbing at age 1 to 2- and 4 ft (0.6- and 1.2-m) radii, regrubbing and expanding the 2-ft radii to 4 ft, regrubbing and expanding the 4-ft radii to 6 A (1.8 m) at age 4, and applying Velpar herbicide to the entire plot at age 2. Five years after initial manual release and 4 years after chemical release, ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. var. ponderosa) stem caliper at 12 in. (30 cm) above mean ground line differed significantly between Velpar and the untreated control, 2-ft radius, 4-ft radius, and 2-ft radius expanded to 4 ft. Expanding the radius from 4 to 6 feet provided a pine stem caliper that differed significantly from that in the control, and the 2-ft and 4-ft radii treatments. Additional analyses with ponderosa pine seedling height also indicated significant differences among treatmenu that were generally similar to those above. Differences among the six treatments, which are presented in 15 comparisons of stem caliper and treatment production rates, provide forest managers with growth and cost comparisons, and should aid them in selecting the release treatment best suited to their particular situation.
Download or read book The Scientific Basis for Silvicultural and Management Decisions in the National Forest System written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Release of Douglas fir Seedlings written by Phillip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Mixed Shrub tanoak Douglas fir Community in a Treated and Untreated Condition written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report PSW written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Visitor Perceptions of Crowding and Discrimination at Two National Forests in Southern California written by Deborah J. Chavez and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seed Dissemination in Small Clearcuttings in North central California written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a 1964-1967 study on the Challenge Experimental Forest, seedfall was evaluated in 2-, 5-, and 10-acre circular clearcuttings. During the 4 years, 10 seed crops, ranging from light to bumper, were produced by ponderosa pine. white fir, Douglas-fir, and incense cedar. Seedfall ranged from 76 to 40,691 sound seed per acre (188 to 100,547/ha) for a single species in a given year. From 89 to 100 percent of each species' seed fell within an area 1 1/2 times the height of the average dominant tree. Overall, seed distribution was highly variable.
Download or read book Vegetation Trends in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation Treated by Manual Release and Mulching written by Philip M. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Note PSW written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications Quarterly List written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
