Download or read book Probability in Complex Physical Systems written by Jean-Dominique Deuschel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Probabilistic approaches have played a prominent role in the study of complex physical systems for more than thirty years. This volume collects twenty articles on various topics in this field, including self-interacting random walks and polymer models in random and non-random environments, branching processes, Parisi formulas and metastability in spin glasses, and hydrodynamic limits for gradient Gibbs models. The majority of these articles contain original results at the forefront of contemporary research; some of them include review aspects and summarize the state-of-the-art on topical issues – one focal point is the parabolic Anderson model, which is considered with various novel aspects including moving catalysts, acceleration and deceleration and fron propagation, for both time-dependent and time-independent potentials. The authors are among the world’s leading experts. This Festschrift honours two eminent researchers, Erwin Bolthausen and Jürgen Gärtner, whose scientific work has profoundly influenced the field and all of the present contributions.
Download or read book Random Processes in Physical Systems written by Charles Allen Whitney and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1990-07-23 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to applications of computer programs that permit the manipulation of simulated physical systems, unlocking the potential for dramatic insights in the fields of physics, chemistry and statistics. Divided into four sections, it opens with an introduction to pseudo-random numbers and discusses the concept of the ``random walk'' as well as the excitation of atoms whose energy arrives in discrete quanta. Sample listings of computer programs for some of the key calculations are included. Section 2 describes a few of the most important processes that take place in the continuum of time, especially the scattering of photons in a gas and the ``Brownian motion'' of small particles. The third section applies these modeling techniques to the behavior of more complex systems and points the way to what promises to be a major use of computers in the future. Section 4 introduces the application of randomizing methods to the solution of statistical problems such as curve-fitting and error analysis. Using computer methods modeled on the rules of gambling, it promises to be a milestone in the field of physics education.
Download or read book Bigger than Chaos written by Michael Strevens and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Strevens shows how simplicity can co-exist with the tangled interconnections within complex systems. By looking at the foundations of statistical reasoning about complex systems (gases, ecosystems and even social systems) he provides an understanding of how simplicity emerges from complexity.
Download or read book A Road to Randomness in Physical Systems written by Eduardo M R a Engel and published by . This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Road to Randomness in Physical Systems written by Eduardo M.R.A. Engel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many ways of introducing the concept of probability in classical, i. e, deter ministic, physics. This work is concerned with one approach, known as "the method of arbitrary funetionJ. " It was put forward by Poincare in 1896 and developed by Hopf in the 1930's. The idea is the following. There is always some uncertainty in our knowledge of both the initial conditions and the values of the physical constants that characterize the evolution of a physical system. A probability density may be used to describe this uncertainty. For many physical systems, dependence on the initial density washes away with time. Inthese cases, the system's position eventually converges to the same random variable, no matter what density is used to describe initial uncertainty. Hopf's results for the method of arbitrary functions are derived and extended in a unified fashion in these lecture notes. They include his work on dissipative systems subject to weak frictional forces. Most prominent among the problems he considers is his carnival wheel example, which is the first case where a probability distribution cannot be guessed from symmetry or other plausibility considerations, but has to be derived combining the actual physics with the method of arbitrary functions. Examples due to other authors, such as Poincare's law of small planets, Borel's billiards problem and Keller's coin tossing analysis are also studied using this framework. Finally, many new applications are presented.
Download or read book A Concise Introduction to the Statistical Physics of Complex Systems written by Eric Bertin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-28 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer (based on lectures given at summer schools on complex systems and on a masters degree course in complex systems modeling) will provide graduate students and newcomers to the field with the basic knowledge of the concepts and methods of statistical physics and its potential for application to interdisciplinary topics. Indeed, in recent years, statistical physics has begun to attract the interest of a broad community of researchers in the field of complex system sciences, ranging from biology to the social sciences, economics and computer science. More generally, a growing number of graduate students and researchers feel the need to learn some basic concepts and questions originating in other disciplines without necessarily having to master all of the corresponding technicalities and jargon. Generally speaking, the goals of statistical physics may be summarized as follows: on the one hand to study systems composed of a large number of interacting ‘entities’, and on the other to predict the macroscopic (or collective) behavior of the system considered from the microscopic laws ruling the dynamics of the individual ‘entities’. These two goals are, to some extent, also shared by what is nowadays called ‘complex systems science’ and for these reasons, systems studied in the framework of statistical physics may be considered as among the simplest examples of complex systems—allowing in addition a rather well developed mathematical treatment.
Download or read book Tychomancy written by Michael Strevens and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-03 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tychomancy—meaning “the divination of chances”—presents a set of rules for inferring the physical probabilities of outcomes from the causal or dynamic properties of the systems that produce them. Probabilities revealed by the rules are wide-ranging: they include the probability of getting a 5 on a die roll, the probability distributions found in statistical physics, and the probabilities that underlie many prima facie judgments about fitness in evolutionary biology. Michael Strevens makes three claims about the rules. First, they are reliable. Second, they are known, though not fully consciously, to all human beings: they constitute a key part of the physical intuition that allows us to navigate around the world safely in the absence of formal scientific knowledge. Third, they have played a crucial but unrecognized role in several major scientific innovations. A large part of Tychomancy is devoted to this historical role for probability inference rules. Strevens first analyzes James Clerk Maxwell’s extraordinary, apparently a priori, deduction of the molecular velocity distribution in gases, which launched statistical physics. Maxwell did not derive his distribution from logic alone, Strevens proposes, but rather from probabilistic knowledge common to all human beings, even infants as young as six months old. Strevens then turns to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the statistics of measurement, and the creation of models of complex systems, contending in each case that these elements of science could not have emerged when or how they did without the ability to “eyeball” the values of physical probabilities.
Download or read book Cellular Automata and Modeling of Complex Physical Systems written by Paul Manneville and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular automata are fully discrete dynamical systems with dynamical variables defined at the nodes of a lattice and taking values in a finite set. Application of a local transition rule at each lattice site generates the dynamics. The interpretation of systems with a large number of degrees of freedom in terms of lattice gases has received considerable attention recently due to the many applications of this approach, e.g. for simulating fluid flows under nearly realistic conditions, for modeling complex microscopic natural phenomena such as diffusion-reaction or catalysis, and for analysis of pattern-forming systems. The discussion in this book covers aspects of cellular automata theory related to general problems of information theory and statistical physics, lattice gas theory, direct applications, problems arising in the modeling of microscopic physical processes, complex macroscopic behavior (mostly in connection with turbulence), and the design of special-purpose computers.
Download or read book Probabilities Causes and Propensities in Physics written by Mauricio Suárez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume defends a novel approach to the philosophy of physics: it is the first book devoted to a comparative study of probability, causality, and propensity, and their various interrelations, within the context of contemporary physics -- particularly quantum and statistical physics. The philosophical debates and distinctions are firmly grounded upon examples from actual physics, thus exemplifying a robustly empiricist approach. The essays, by both prominent scholars in the field and promising young researchers, constitute a pioneer effort in bringing out the connections between probabilistic, causal and dispositional aspects of the quantum domain. The book will appeal to specialists in philosophy and foundations of physics, philosophy of science in general, metaphysics, ontology of physics theories, and philosophy of probability.
Download or read book New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems written by Antonio M. Scarfone and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-28 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems" that was published in Entropy
Download or read book Foundations of Complex Systems written by Gregoire Nicolis and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A geometric process is a simple monotone process that was first introduced by the author in 1988. It is a generalization of renewal process. This book captures the extensive research work on geometric processes that has been done since then in both probability and statistics theory and various applications. Some results are published for the first time. A reference book for researchers and a handbook for practioners, it is also a useful textbook for postgraduate or senior undergraduate students.
Download or read book Cooperative Dynamics in Complex Physical Systems written by Hajime Takayama and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many novel cooperative phenomena found in a variety of systems studied by scientists can be treated using the uniting principles of synergetics. Examples are frustrated and random systems, polymers, spin glasses, neural networks, chemical and biological systems, and fluids. In this book attention is focused on two main problems. First, how local, topological constraints (frustrations) can cause macroscopic cooperative behavior: related ideas initially developed for spin glasses are shown to play key roles also for optimization and the modeling of neural networks. Second, the dynamical constraints that arise from the nonlinear dynamics of the systems: the discussion covers turbulence in fluids, pattern formation, and conventional 1/f noise. The volume will be of interest to anyone wishing to understand the current development of work on complex systems, which is presently one of the most challenging subjects in statistical and condensed matter physics.
Download or read book Probability and Analysis in Interacting Physical Systems written by Peter Friz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift on the occasion of the 75th birthday of S.R.S. Varadhan, one of the most influential researchers in probability of the last fifty years, grew out of a workshop held at the Technical University of Berlin, 15–19 August, 2016. This volume contains ten research articles authored by several of Varadhan's former PhD students or close collaborators. The topics of the contributions are more or less closely linked with some of Varadhan's deepest interests over the decades: large deviations, Markov processes, interacting particle systems, motions in random media and homogenization, reaction-diffusion equations, and directed last-passage percolation. The articles present original research on some of the most discussed current questions at the boundary between analysis and probability, with an impact on understanding phenomena in physics. This collection will be of great value to researchers with an interest in models of probability-based statistical mechanics.
Download or read book Handbook of Dynamics and Probability written by Peter Müller and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-20 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our time is characterized by an explosive growth in the use of ever more complicated and sophisticated (computer) models. These models rely on dynamical systems theory for the interpretation of their results and on probability theory for the quantification of their uncertainties. A conscientious and intelligent use of these models requires that both these theories are properly understood. This book is to provide such understanding. It gives a unifying treatment of dynamical systems theory and probability theory. It covers the basic concepts and statements of these theories, their interrelations, and their applications to scientific reasoning and physics. The book stresses the underlying concepts and mathematical structures but is written in a simple and illuminating manner without sacrificing too much mathematical rigor. The book is aimed at students, post-docs, and researchers in the applied sciences who aspire to better understand the conceptual and mathematical underpinnings of the models that they use. Despite the peculiarities of any applied science, dynamics and probability are the common and indispensable tools in any modeling effort. The book is self-contained, with many technical aspects covered in appendices, but does require some basic knowledge in analysis, linear algebra, and physics. Peter Müller, now a professor emeritus at the University of Hawaii, has worked extensively on ocean and climate models and the foundations of complex system theories.
Download or read book Complex Physical Biophysical And Econophysical Systems Proceedings Of The 22nd Canberra International Physics Summer School written by Robert L Dewar and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-03-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book arose from a conference organized under the auspices of the Australian Research Council's Complex Open Systems Research Network (which has become the most prominent for complex systems in the world — just Google “complex systems network”), the ANU Centre for Complex Systems, and the Asia-Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics. The book is unique in the scope of its coverage of applications of complex systems science: Extraterrestrial — astrophysical, solar and space plasmas; Earth System — climate, ecosystems; Human systems — brain dynamics, social networks, financial statistics, advanced technologies.It also presents up-to-date discussions of new theoretical approaches, in particular those based on entropy and entropy production maximization, a field still under development but with much promise for providing a much-needed unifying principle for complex systems science.The authors are at the forefront of their fields, and organized their chapters to effectively bring out common features of complex systems. A comprehensive and common lexicon of keywords has been used to unify indexing, thus making the book an invaluable introduction to anyone seeking an overview of complex systems science.
Download or read book The Enigma of Probability and Physics written by L. Mayants and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lazar Mayants is a recent Russian emigre noted for his work in theoretical physics. He was previously a professor at several universities of the Soviet Union and a distinguished member of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R, where he worked for about 30 years. In this book he presents a unique, extremely detailed, and embracive version of a subject that has suffered for a long time from numerous internal imperfections. His approach is new and original, the material covered features not only the foundations of the science of probability but also most of its applications, including statistical and quantum mechanics. The key methodolOgical principle underlying the book is of extraordinary significance and deserves special attention. The treatment excels in thoroughness of presentation, in its fulness of mathe matical detail and the abundance of physical examples. The book is intended for a wide range of people interested in probability and its connection with modern science. It is written as a text for advanced students, and I predict that a reader who masters all its contents will become an expert in the subject of both prob ability and its physical implications, while enjoying its understanding and use. HENRY MARGENAU Veritas nihil veretur nisi abscondi (truth 'What tremendously easy riddles you ask!' Humpty Dumpty growled out. fears nothing except being hidden). Latin proverb Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking Glass, Chap. 6. Preface The history of producing this book is rather complicated and not quite usual.
Download or read book Complexity Entropy And The Physics Of Information written by Wojciech H. Zurek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has emerged from a meeting held during the week of May 29 to June 2, 1989, at St. John’s College in Santa Fe under the auspices of the Santa Fe Institute. The (approximately 40) official participants as well as equally numerous “groupies” were enticed to Santa Fe by the above “manifesto.” The book—like the “Complexity, Entropy and the Physics of Information” meeting explores not only the connections between quantum and classical physics, information and its transfer, computation, and their significance for the formulation of physical theories, but it also considers the origins and evolution of the information-processing entities, their complexity, and the manner in which they analyze their perceptions to form models of the Universe. As a result, the contributions can be divided into distinct sections only with some difficulty. Indeed, I regard this degree of overlapping as a measure of the success of the meeting. It signifies consensus about the important questions and on the anticipated answers: they presumably lie somewhere in the “border territory,” where information, physics, complexity, quantum, and computation all meet.
