Download or read book Probabilistic Toponym Resolution and Geographic Indexing and Querying written by Yi Li and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Probabilistic Toponym Resolution and written by Yi Li and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A search engine is used to help users find information in a computer system. Special purpose search engines have been developed to deal with queries of different needs. Geographic information retrieval is one such specialized application. A typical GIR system includes three parts: annotation, indexing and querying. This book proposes methodologies for these three components and develops a geographic search engine based on an existing system. A method called probabilistic annotation is proposed in this thesis, which keeps the ambiguity and imprecision by assigning probabilities to all possible candidate locations. The probability is then combined into the final similarity scores. For geographic indexing, we propose two indexing techniques based on hierarchically structured geo-terms. They are used and tested in our experiments. This book also explores the methods to calculate the similarity score for geographic queries. To combine the Okapi scores of text terms, geoterms and expanded geo-terms, a novel geometric progression normalization method is proposed which successfully eliminates the query overloading problem.
Download or read book Methods and Applications of Text driven Toponym Resolution with Indirect Supervision written by Michael Adrian Speriosu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses the problem of toponym resolution. Given an ambiguous placename like Springfield in some natural language context, the task is to automatically predict the location on the earth's surface the author is referring to. Many previous efforts use hand-built heuristics to attempt to solve this problem, looking for specific words in close proximity such as Springfield, Illinois, and disambiguating any remaining toponyms to possible locations close to those already resolved. Such approaches require the data to take a fairly specific form in order to perform well, thus they often have low coverage. Some have applied machine learning to this task in an attempt to build more general resolvers, but acquiring large amounts of high quality hand-labeled training material is difficult. I discuss these and other approaches found in previous work before presenting several new toponym resolvers that rely neither on hand-labeled training material prepared explicitly for this task nor on particular co-occurrences of toponyms in close proximity in the data to be disambiguated. Some of the resolvers I develop reflect the intuition of many heuristic resolvers that toponyms nearby in text tend to (but do not always) refer to locations nearby on Earth, but do not require toponyms to occur in direct sequence with one another. I also introduce several resolvers that use the predictions of a document geolocation system (i.e. one that predicts a location for a piece of text of arbitrary length) to inform toponym disambiguation. Another resolver takes into account these document-level location predictions, knowledge of different administrative levels (country, state, city, etc.), and predictions from a logistic regression classifier trained on automatically extracted training instances from Wikipedia in a probabilistic way. It takes advantage of all content words in each toponym's context (both local window and whole document) rather than only toponyms. One resolver I build that extracts training material for a machine learned classifier from Wikipedia, taking advantage of link structure and geographic coordinates on articles, resolves 83% of toponyms in a previously introduced corpus of news articles correctly, beating the strong but simplistic population baseline. I introduce a corpus of Civil War related writings not previously used for this task on which the population baseline does poorly; combining a Wikipedia informed resolver with an algorithm that seeks to minimize the geographic scope of all predicted locations in a document achieves 86% blind test set accuracy on this dataset. After providing these high performing resolvers, I form the groundwork for more flexible and complex approaches by transforming the problem of toponym resolution into the traveling purchaser problem, modeling the probability of a location given its toponym's textual context and the geographic distribution of all locations mentioned in a document as two components of an objective function to be minimized. As one solution to this incarnation of the traveling purchaser problem, I simulate properties of ants traveling the globe and disambiguating toponyms. The ants' preferences for various kinds of behavior evolves over time, revealing underlying patterns in the corpora that other disambiguation methods do not account for. I also introduce several automated visualizations of texts that have had their toponyms resolved. Given a resolved corpus, these visualizations summarize the areas of the globe mentioned and allow the user to refer back to specific passages in the text that mention a location of interest. One visualization presented automatically generates a dynamic tour of the corpus, showing changes in the area referred to by the text as it progresses. Such visualizations are an example of a practical application of work in toponym resolution, and could be used by scholars interested in the geographic connections in any collection of text on both broad and fine-grained levels.
Download or read book Toponym Resolution in Text written by Jochen L. Leidner and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally presented as author's thesis: Doctor of Philosophy, University of Edinburgh, 2007.
Download or read book Evaluation of Multilingual and Multi modal Information Retrieval written by Paul Clough and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-09-04 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the 7th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2006, held in Alicante, Spain, September 2006. The revised papers presented together with an introduction were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on Multilingual Textual Document Retrieval, Domain-Specifig Information Retrieval, i-CLEF, QA@CLEF, ImageCLEF, CLSR, WebCLEF and GeoCLEF.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology Third Edition written by Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 7972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This 10-volume compilation of authoritative, research-based articles contributed by thousands of researchers and experts from all over the world emphasized modern issues and the presentation of potential opportunities, prospective solutions, and future directions in the field of information science and technology"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Handbook of Big Geospatial Data written by Martin Werner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook covers a wide range of topics related to the collection, processing, analysis, and use of geospatial data in their various forms. This handbook provides an overview of how spatial computing technologies for big data can be organized and implemented to solve real-world problems. Diverse subdomains ranging from indoor mapping and navigation over trajectory computing to earth observation from space, are also present in this handbook. It combines fundamental contributions focusing on spatio-textual analysis, uncertain databases, and spatial statistics with application examples such as road network detection or colocation detection using GPUs. In summary, this handbook gives an essential introduction and overview of the rich field of spatial information science and big geospatial data. It introduces three different perspectives, which together define the field of big geospatial data: a societal, governmental, and governance perspective. It discusses questions of how the acquisition, distribution and exploitation of big geospatial data must be organized both on the scale of companies and countries. A second perspective is a theory-oriented set of contributions on arbitrary spatial data with contributions introducing into the exciting field of spatial statistics or into uncertain databases. A third perspective is taking a very practical perspective to big geospatial data, ranging from chapters that describe how big geospatial data infrastructures can be implemented and how specific applications can be implemented on top of big geospatial data. This would include for example, research in historic map data, road network extraction, damage estimation from remote sensing imagery, or the analysis of spatio-textual collections and social media. This multi-disciplinary approach makes the book unique. This handbook can be used as a reference for undergraduate students, graduate students and researchers focused on big geospatial data. Professionals can use this book, as well as practitioners facing big collections of geospatial data.
Download or read book Advances in Conceptual Modeling Challenging Perspectives written by Carlos A. Heuser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-11-14 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of eight international workshops held in conjunction with the 28th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2009, in Gramado, Brazil, in November 2009. The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. Topics addressed by the workshops are active conceptual modeling of learning (ACM-L), conceptual modeling in the large (CoMoL), evolving theories of conceptual modeling (ETheCoM), workshop on foundations and practices of UML (FP-UML), joint international workshop on metamodels, ontologies, semantic technologies, and information systems for the semantic web (MOST-ONISW), quality of information systems (QoIS), requirements, Intentions and goals in conceptual modeling ( RIGiM) and semantic and conceptual issues in geographic information systems (SeCoGIS).
Download or read book Knowledge Discovery Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management written by Ana Fred and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 4th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, IC3K, held in Barcelona, Spain, in October 2012. The 29 best papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 347 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge discovery and information retrieval; knowledge engineering and ontology development; knowledge management and information sharing.
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Machine Learning Applications and Trends Algorithms Methods and Techniques written by Olivas, Emilio Soria and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-08-31 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book investiges machine learning (ML), one of the most fruitful fields of current research, both in the proposal of new techniques and theoretic algorithms and in their application to real-life problems"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book The Semantics of Dynamic Space in French written by Michel Aurnague and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-07-29 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on the semantics of spatial markers in French is known mainly through Vandeloise’s (1986, 1991) work on static prepositions. However, interest in the expression of space in French goes back to the mid-1970s and focused first on verbs denoting changes in space, whose syntactic properties were related to specific semantic distinctions, such as the opposition between “movement” and “displacement”. This volume provides an overview of recent studies on the semantics of dynamic space in French and addresses important questions about motion expression, among which “goal bias” and asymmetry of motion, the status of locative PPs, the expression of manner, fictive or non-actual motion. Descriptive, experimental and formal or computational analyses are presented, providing complementary perspectives on the main issue. The volume is intended for researchers and advanced students wishing to learn about both spatial semantics in French and recent debates on the representation of motion events in language and cognition.
Download or read book Understanding Oriented Multimedia Content Analysis written by Zechao Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic introduction to an understanding-oriented approach to multimedia content analysis. It integrates the visual understanding and learning models into a unified framework, within which the visual understanding guides the model learning while the learned models improve the visual understanding. More specifically, it discusses multimedia content representations and analysis including feature selection, feature extraction, image tagging, user-oriented tag recommendation and understanding-oriented multimedia applications. The book was nominated by the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and China Computer Federation as an outstanding PhD thesis. By providing the fundamental technologies and state-of-the-art methods, it is a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers working in the field computer vision and machine learning.
Download or read book Extracting Spatial Information from Historical Maps written by Benedikt Budig and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical maps are fascinating documents and a valuable source of information for scientists of various disciplines. Many of these maps are available as scanned bitmap images, but in order to make them searchable in useful ways, a structured representation of the contained information is desirable. This book deals with the extraction of spatial information from historical maps. This cannot be expected to be solved fully automatically (since it involves difficult semantics), but is also too tedious to be done manually at scale. The methodology used in this book combines the strengths of both computers and humans: it describes efficient algorithms to largely automate information extraction tasks and pairs these algorithms with smart user interactions to handle what is not understood by the algorithm. The effectiveness of this approach is shown for various kinds of spatial documents from the 16th to the early 20th century.
Download or read book Geospatial Thinking written by Marco Painho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the fourth consecutive year, the Association of Geographic Infor- tion Laboratories for Europe (AGILE) promoted the edition of a book with the collection of the scientific papers that were submitted as full-papers to the AGILE annual international conference. Those papers went through a th competitive review process. The 13 AGILE conference call for fu- papers of original and unpublished fundamental scientific research resulted in 54 submissions, of which 21 were accepted for publication in this - lume (acceptance rate of 39%). Published in the Springer Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Car- th graphy, this book is associated to the 13 AGILE Conference on G- graphic Information Science, held in 2010 in Guimarães, Portugal, under the title “Geospatial Thinking”. The efficient use of geospatial information and related technologies assumes the knowledge of concepts that are fundamental components of Geospatial Thinking, which is built on reasoning processes, spatial conc- tualizations, and representation methods. Geospatial Thinking is associated with a set of cognitive skills consisting of several forms of knowledge and cognitive operators used to transform, combine or, in any other way, act on that same knowledge. The scientific papers published in this volume cover an important set of topics within Geoinformation Science, including: Representation and Visualisation of Geographic Phenomena; Spatiotemporal Data Analysis; Geo-Collaboration, Participation, and Decision Support; Semantics of Geoinformation and Knowledge Discovery; Spatiotemporal Modelling and Reasoning; and Web Services, Geospatial Systems and Real-time Appli- tions.
Download or read book Discovery of Geospatial Resources Methodologies Technologies and Emergent Applications written by Díaz, Laura and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book provides relevant theoretical frameworks and the latest empirical research finding to improve understanding of geospatial discovery methodologies and technologies, as well as techniques to design and deploy geospatial resources in Information Infrastructures"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Geographic Information Systems Concepts Methodologies Tools and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 2281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in technologies have evolved in a much wider use of technology throughout science, government, and business; resulting in the expansion of geographic information systems. GIS is the academic study and practice of presenting geographical data through a system designed to capture, store, analyze, and manage geographic information. Geographic Information Systems: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a collection of knowledge on the latest advancements and research of geographic information systems. This book aims to be useful for academics and practitioners involved in geographical data.
Download or read book Fusion Methodologies in Crisis Management written by Galina Rogova and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book emphasizes a contemporary view on the role of higher level fusion in designing crisis management systems, and provide the formal foundations, architecture and implementation strategies required for building dynamic current and future situational pictures, challenges of, and the state of the art computational approaches to designing such processes. This book integrates recent advances in decision theory with those in fusion methodology to define an end-to-end framework for decision support in crisis management. The text discusses modern fusion and decision support methods for dealing with heterogeneous and often unreliable, low fidelity, contradictory, and redundant data and information, as well as rare, unknown, unconventional or even unimaginable critical situations. Also the book examines the role of context in situation management, cognitive aspects of decision making and situation management, approaches to domain representation, visualization, as well as the role and exploitation of the social media. The editors include examples and case studies from the field of disaster management.
