Download or read book Advancing Prion Science written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-20 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Advancing Prion Science, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies Assessment of Relevant Science recommends priorities for research and investment to the Department of Defense's National Prion Research Program (NPRP). Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also called prion diseases, are invariably fatal neurodegenerative infectious diseases that include bovine spongiform encephalopathy (commonly called mad cow disease), chronic wasting disease, scrapie, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. To develop antemortem diagnostics or therapies for TSEs, the committee concludes that NPRP should invest in basic research specifically to elucidate the structural features of prions, the molecular mechanisms of prion replication, the mechanisms of TSE pathogenesis, and the physiological function of prions' normal cellular isoform. Advancing Prion Science provides the first comprehensive reference on present knowledge about all aspects of TSEs' from basic science to the U.S. research infrastructure, from diagnostics to surveillance, and from prevention to treatment. This report summarizes the progress thus far.

Download or read book Neurogenetics Part II written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurogenetics, Part II, Volume 148, the latest release in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology, provides the latest information on the genetic methodologies that are having a significant impact on the study of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Using genetic science, researchers have identified over 200 genes that cause or contribute to neurological disorders. Still an evolving field of study, defining the relationship between genes and neurological and psychiatric disorders is expected to dramatically grow in scope. Part II builds on the foundation of Part I, expanding the coverage to dementias, paroxysmal disorders, neuromuscular disorders, white matter and demyelination diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, adult psychiatric disorders and cancer and phacomatoses. - Contains comprehensive coverage of neurogenetics - Details the latest science and its impact on our understanding of neurological, psychiatric disorders - Presents a focused reference for clinical practitioners and the neuroscience/neurogenetics research community

Download or read book The Prion Protein written by Jorg Tatzelt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A conformational transition of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into an aberrantly folded isoform designated scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) is the hallmark of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders collectively called prion diseases. They include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Gerstmann-Stäussler-Scheinker syndrome in humans, scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in free-ranging deer. In contrast to the deadly properties of misfolded PrP, PrPC seems to possess a neuroprotective activity. More-over, animal models indicated that the stress-protective activity of PrPC and the neurotoxic effects of PrPSc are somehow interconnected. In this timely book, leading scientists in the field have come together to highlight the apparently incongruous activities of different PrP conformers. The articles outline current research on celluar pathways implicated in the formation and signaling of neurotoxic and physiological PrP isoforms and delineate future research direction. Topics covered include the physiologcial activity of PrPC and its possible role as a neurotrophic factor, the finding that aberrant PrP conformers can cause neurodegeneration in the absence of infectious prion propagation, the requirement of the GPI anchor of PrPC for the neurotoxic effects of scrapie prions, the pathways implicated in the formation and neurotoxic properties of cytosolically localized PrP, the impact of metal ions on the processing of PrP, and the role of autophagy in the propagation and clearance of PrPSc. The book is fully illustrated and chapters include comprehensive reference sections. Essential reading for scientists involved in prion research.

Download or read book Prions and Brain Diseases in Animals and Humans written by Douglas R.O. Morrison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the world's experts on prions met for a workshop in Erice in August 1996. The aim of the workshop was to discuss the fundamentals of the science ofprions. It was for tunate that so many could be present given the pressure that they were under because of the data presented in March 1996, indicating that Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, BSE or Mad Cow Disease, had penetrated the species barrier and was beginning to cause a new dis ease in humans--the new variant ofCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, nvCJD. This important and urgent subject became an additional major topic at the workshop. This is a book containing most of the talks plus the abstracts of those unable to find time to write up their talks. Almost all papers were written in the spring and summer of 1997 and contain material added after the workshop; thus Bob Will's paper on the new variant of cm contains data up to July 1997 and four contributions arrived in October 1997. In addition to the talks given at our workshop, there was a special joint session with the Planetary Emergencies Workshop where many distinguished scientists, including three Nobel laureates, discussed major issues affecting our planet. Six talks were given by us to this other workshop, five about prions, BSE, and nvCJD, and one on the broader issue of new epi demics by Luc Montagnier. Although most of the talks concerned research issues, there were a few special talks.

Download or read book Neuropathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases written by Gabor G. Kovacs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide to the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases discusses modern molecular techniques, morphological classification, fundamentals of clinical symptomology, diagnostic pitfalls and immunostaining protocols. It is based on the proteinopathy concept of neurodegenerative disease, which has influenced classification and provides new strategies for therapy. Numerous high-quality images, including histopathology photomicrographs and neuroradiology scans, accompany the description of morphologic alterations and interpretation of immunoreactivities. Diagnostic methods and criteria are placed within recent developments in neuropathology, including the now widespread application of immunohistochemistry. To aid daily practice, the guide includes diagnostic algorithms and offers personal insights from experienced experts in the field. Special focus is given to the way brain tissue should be handled during diagnosis. This is a must-have reference for medical specialists and specialist medical trainees in the fields of pathology, neuropathology and neurology working with neuropathologic features of neurodegenerative diseases.

Download or read book Human Prion Diseases written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Prion Diseases, Volume 153 is designed to update the reader on the latest advances and clinical aspects of prion diseases. The book is organized into five sections, including the pathophysiology of prions and a description of animal and human diseases. This is followed by detailed reports on recent advances in diagnosis strategies for the development of novel anti-prion molecules and possible designs of clinical trials in such a rare disease. An introductory chapter gives an extensive historical background of prion research, with a final chapter highlighting recent progress, and more importantly, unsolved problems. - Offers an authoritative overview of prion diseases in humans, detailing the pathogenesis of the disease, clinical investigations, and the diagnosis of both the genetic and acquired forms - Provides clarity and context by presenting prion diseases in relation to other neurodegenerative diseases in humans - Emphasizes the unique properties of prion diseases and consequent problems they can cause, both clinically and in public health terms

Download or read book Adams and Victor s Principles of Neurology written by Maurice Victor and published by McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modernizing revision will make it one of the most comprehensive books that incorporate new findings in growing areas of neurology, memory, genetics, imaging and biochemistry - while retaining the book's traditional size, scope, focus, and successful uniform organization. New research findings, combined with several new and updated tables and figures, the book provides reliable guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of all neurological conditions and disorders.

Download or read book Madness and Memory written by Stanley B. Prusiner and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author, a 1997 recipient of the Noble Prize in medicine, describes the years he spent researching and demonstrating how the infectious proteins known as prions were responsible for brain diseases and how his theory has now become widely accepted in the science establishment.

Download or read book Fatal Flaws written by Jay Ingram and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVThe story of the revolutionary science that is unraveling the mysteries of mad cow and other fatal brain diseases/div

Download or read book Infectious Diseases from Nature Mechanisms of Viral Emergence and Persistence written by C.J. Peters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-09-27 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant zoonotic diseases have appeared with increasing frequency in recent years. At a symposium held in Galveston, Texas, in March 2004, many outstanding virologists and others presented papers under the broad theme of "emergence". The intent was to elucidate the diseases themselves, the mechanisms by which they have emerged, the publication perception and response to the diseases, and the possibility of prevention or prediction. The papers in this book summarize the talks of this meeting. Among the many timely papers are those by Nobel Prize winner Peter Doherty, influenza epidemiologists Robert Webster and Jeffery Taubenberger, and important contributions by Neal Nathanson, Esteban Domingo, Barry Beaty, David Walker, James Hughes, and others of world expertise.

Download or read book Mad Cow Disease and Related Spongiform Encephalopathies written by David A. Harris and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-03-18 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) has become the most publicly recognizable example of a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by proteinaceous infectious particles called prions. The contributors to this volume, all internationally recognized experts in their fields, provide an introduction to prion biology, followed by reviews of the latest information on BSE, vCJD, and chronic wasting disease, an animal prion disease that has recently emerged in North America.

Download or read book Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Tatau Nishinaga and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume IAHandbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition (Fundamentals: Thermodynamics and Kinetics) Volume IA addresses the present status of crystal growth science, and provides scientific tools for the following volumes: Volume II (Bulk Crystal Growth) and III (Thin Film Growth and Epitaxy). Volume IA highlights thermodynamics and kinetics. After historical introduction of the crystal growth, phase equilibria, defect thermodynamics, stoichiometry, and shape of crystal and structure of melt are described. Then, the most fundamental and basic aspects of crystal growth are presented, along with the theories of nucleation and growth kinetics. In addition, the simulations of crystal growth by Monte Carlo, ab initio-based approach and colloidal assembly are thoroughly investigated. Volume IBHandbook of Crystal Growth, 2nd Edition (Fundamentals: Transport and Stability) Volume IB discusses pattern formation, a typical problem in crystal growth. In addition, an introduction to morphological stability is given and the phase-field model is explained with comparison to experiments. The field of nanocrystal growth is rapidly expanding and here the growth from vapor is presented as an example. For the advancement of life science, the crystal growth of protein and other biological molecules is indispensable and biological crystallization in nature gives many hints for their crystal growth. Another subject discussed is pharmaceutical crystal growth. To understand the crystal growth, in situ observation is extremely powerful. The observation techniques are demonstrated. Volume IA - Explores phase equilibria, defect thermodynamics of Si, stoichiometry of oxides and atomistic structure of melt and alloys - Explains basic ideas to understand crystal growth, equilibrium shape of crystal, rough-smooth transition of step and surface, nucleation and growth mechanisms - Focuses on simulation of crystal growth by classical Monte Carlo, ab-initio based quantum mechanical approach, kinetic Monte Carlo and phase field model. Controlled colloidal assembly is presented as an experimental model for crystal growth. Volume IIB - Describes morphological stability theory and phase-field model and comparison to experiments of dendritic growth - Presents nanocrystal growth in vapor as well as protein crystal growth and biological crystallization - Interprets mass production of pharmaceutical crystals to be understood as ordinary crystal growth and explains crystallization of chiral molecules - Demonstrates in situ observation of crystal growth in vapor, solution and melt on the ground and in space

Download or read book Brain Trust written by Colm A. Kelleher and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2004-10-19 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the cattle-borne sickness known as Mad Cow Disease first appeared in America in 2003, authorities were quick to assure the nation that the outbreak was isolated, quarantined, and posed absolutely no danger to the general public. What we were not told was that the origins of the sickness may already have been here and suspected for a quarter of a century. This illuminating exposé of the threat to our nation's health reveals for the first time how Mad Cow Disease (a.k.a. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) has jumped species, infecting humans in the form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD), and may be hidden in the enormous increase in the number of Alzheimer's cases since 1979. Detailing the history and biology of Mad Cow Disease, Brain Trust discloses how an investigation into the mysterious deaths in a group of cannibals in a remote part of the world evolved into a research program in the United States that may have had unforeseen and frightening consequences. The shocking questions examined include: • Have millions of Americans already been exposed to the prions known to cause Mad Cow Disease through years of eating tainted beef? • Does the epidemic of prion disease spreading like wildfire through the nation's deer and elk pose a threat to hunters and venison eaters? • Are the cattle mutilations discovered in the last 30 years part of a covert, illegal sampling program designed to learn how far the deadly prions have spread throughout the nation's livestock and beef products? Exposing the devastating truth about Mad Cow Disease and a new theory of the possible consequences of a little-known government research program and the potential national health catastrophe that may be the result, Brain Trust inoculates Americans with an effective cure: the truth.

Download or read book Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.

Download or read book Handbook of Veterinary Neurology E Book written by Michael D. Lorenz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Veterinary Neurology provides quick access to vital information on neurologic conditions in a wide range of species, including canine, feline, bovine, caprine, equine, ovine, and porcine. A problem-oriented approach makes it easy to diagnose and treat neurologic problems in small and large animals. The coverage of disorders by problem, not by established disease diagnosis, emulates how animals present to the veterinary hospital and simplifies the formulation of a correct diagnosis. Within each chapter, discussions of neurologic disease include a review of the localization criteria and the diseases that can cause that problem, plus treatment and surgical techniques. Lead author Michael D. Lorenz brings decades of experience to neurologic assessment, using a diagnostic approach that requires minimal knowledge of neuroanatomy. - A problem-based approach is organized by presenting sign rather than by condition, guiding you to logical conclusions regarding diagnosis and treatment. - Algorithms diagram the logic necessary to localize lesions and to formulate diagnostic plans. - Coverage of current diagnostic techniques includes the use of diagnostic tools, such as radiology, spinal fluid analysis, electrodiagnosis, and MR imaging. - Case histories in each chapter present a problem and the results of the neurologic examination, then ask you to solve the problem by localizing the lesion, listing probable causes, and making a diagnostic plan. Answers are provided at the back of the book. - A consistent format for each case history includes signalment, history, physical examination findings, and neurologic examination. - A comprehensive appendix describes species and breeds that have a congenital predisposition for particular neurologic diseases. - Extensive references make it easy to pursue in-depth research of more advanced topics. - A companion website includes 20 narrated video clips with accompanying PowerPoint slides that correlate to the case histories in the book, covering neurologic assessment and clinical problems such as paresis of one limb, tetraparesis, stupor, seizures, ataxia of the head and limbs, and cranial nerve disorders. - Two new co-authors, Jean Coates and Marc Kent, board-certified in neurology, enhance the credibility of this edition. - A full-color design and numerous illustrations include enhanced images of neuroanatomy and pathology.

Download or read book Prions written by Akikazu Sakudo and published by . This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential reading for everyone working with prions from the PhD student to the experienced scientist.

Download or read book Surface Activity in Drug Action written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface activity is present in living systems; for example in body fluid or cell soup and molecules of surface-active nature are crucial to living matter and its organization. Surface Activity in Drug Action proposes "a liquid membrane hypothesis of drug action" for surface-active drugs. Chapters 1-7 contains an account of the hypothesis and chapter 8 contains a general account of the application of surface activity in therapeutics. The methodology and presentation of the information makes Surface Activity in Drug Action valuable reading for students and researchers interested in surface activity.* Is clearly written * Includes contributions from prominent names in the field, such as Bhise and Subrahmanyam* Contains a general account of the application of surface activity in therapeutics